question

After spending years in the ocean, a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of a. homeostasis. b. a set point. c. a refractory period. d. an instinct. e. an incentive.

answer

d

question

Some students work hard in school to attain high grades. This best illustrates the importance of a. homeostasis. b. set points. c. refractory periods. d. incentives. e. self-transcendence.

answer

d

question

Marco works very hard at his job in hopes of being promoted to the next corporate level. Maslow would say that Marco is expressing a need for a. belongingness. b. achievement. c. self-transcendence. d. homeostasis. e. identity

answer

b

question

A starving rat will lose all interest in food if a. its blood glucose level is raised. b. its ventromedial thalamus is removed. c. its lateral hypothalamus is destroyed. d. its blood glucose level is lowered. e. the ventromedial hypothalamus is stimulated.

answer

c

question

The secretion of PYY _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger. a. increases; decreases b. decreases; increases c. does not change; increases d. decreases; does not change e. decreases; decreases

answer

b

question

Wanda is stressed out in anticipation of a psychology test next week. To calm her nerves, she devours a large bowl of pasta. The carbohydrate-rich pasta helps boost the neurotransmitter a. serotonin. b. epinephrine. c. norepinephrine. d. acetylcholine. e. dopamine.

answer

a

question

To lose some of the weight she gained from binge eating, Melissa uses laxatives and exercises until she is exhausted. Melissa most clearly demonstrates symptoms of a. anorexia nervosa. b. binge-eating disorder. c. brain asymmetry. d. a refractory period. e. bulimia nervosa.

answer

e

question

Over the past 50 years, the incidence of anorexia nervosa has steadily increased. This is most clearly attributable to a. cultural ideals of beauty that increasingly encourage thinness. b. increasing levels of childhood sexual abuse. c. the onset of adolescence at increasingly younger ages. d. the decreasing emphasis on maintaining stable marriages. e. the decreasing basal metabolic rate in teenagers.

answer

a

question

National studies of U.S. adults have shown that obesity has been associated with a(n) a. increase in basal metabolic rate. b. reduction of smoking behavior. c. decrease in body mass index. d. lower set point. e. in increase in depression and anxiety.

answer

e

question

In a classic experiment, obese patients whose daily caloric intake was dramatically reduced lost only 6 percent of their weight. This limited weight loss was due, at least in part, to the fact that their dietary restriction led to a(n) a. decrease in their secretion of ghrelin. b. elevation of their set points. c. decrease in their metabolic rate. d. elevation of their blood glucose levels. e. decrease in their body mass index.

answer

c

question

During which phase of the sexual response cycle does the refractory period begin? a. the plateau phase b. the resolution phase c. the excitement phase d. orgasm e. the testosterone phase

answer

b

question

The removal of a woman's ovaries may contribute to decreasing sexual interest because her natural ________ level is _______. a. testosterone; lowered b. testosterone; raised c. PYY; lowered d. PYY; raised e. estrogen; lowered

answer

a

question

The fraternal birth-order effect refers to a factor associated with a. obesity. b. ostracism. c. eating disorders. d. sexual orientation. e. optimum arousal.

answer

d

question

When asked what is most necessary for a happy and meaningful life, most people first mention the importance of satisfying their ________ needs. a. esteem b. safety c. sexual d. self-actualization e. belongingness

answer

e

question

In a series of experiments, students were told either that they were likely to end up alone in life or that they would have rewarding relationships throughout life. The excluded students were more likely to a. become depressed and withdraw from life. b. have a need to overachieve by performing well on aptitude tests. c. engage in self-defeating behaviors. d. feel more empathy for others who have been excluded. e. become less aggressive.

answer

c

question

Although instinct theory failed to explain human motives, its underlying assumption remains as strong as ever. The basic assumption is that a. the physiological aim of drive reduction is homeostasis. b. all species are motivated to achieve an optimum level of arousal. c. most species are able to alter their behavior through learning. d. the adaptive capacity of all species enables their survival. e. genes predispose species-typical behavior.

answer

e

question

By motivating us to satisfy our physical needs, hunger and thirst serve to a. raise the set point. b. maintain homeostasis. c. lower sex hormone levels. d. shorten the refractory period. e. lower our body mass index.

answer

b

question

Need is to ________ as drive is to ________. a. food deprivation; hunger b. motivation; incentive c. thirst; basal metabolic rate d. instinct; incentive e. set point; basal metabolic rate

answer

a

question

Destruction of the ________ causes an animal to ________. a. anterior cingular cortex; overeat b. lateral hypothalamus; start eating c. ventromedial hypothalamus; overeat d. ventromedial hypothalamus; stop eating e. anterior cingular cortex; stop eating

answer

c

question

Orexin is an appetite hormone secreted by the a. intestines. b. pancreas. c. stomach. d. liver. e. hypothalamus

answer

e

question

The concept of a set point is relevant to understanding the experience of a. hunger. b. sexual motivation. c. ostracism. d. the need to belong. e. optimum arousal.

answer

a

question

Which of the following has research on fat cells found to be true? a. They are destroyed by sustained dieting. b. They increase in number due to genetic predispositions. c. Their number is not influenced by eating patterns. d. They decrease in number as adults adopt healthier eating patterns. e. Their number remains fixed after adolescence.

answer

b

question

According to health psychologists, which of the following would be the BEST advice or encouragement to offer someone who wants to lose excess weight? a. "Avoid complex carbohydrates like potatoes and pasta." b. "Reduce your weight gradually over a period of several months." c. "Your self-esteem will increase dramatically if you can successfully lose weight." d. "Once you lose your excess weight, you will experience a big reduction in your appetite for food." e. "Do not modify your life-style to avoid eating binges because of constant hunger."

answer

b

question

The stages of the sexual response cycle, in sequence are a. excitement, orgasm, plateau, resolution. b. plateau, excitement, orgasm, resolution. c. orgasm, plateau, excitement, resolution. d. excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution. e. orgasm, excitement, plateau, resolution.

answer

d

question

Teenage girls are especially vulnerable to ________ because of their lower levels of protective antibodies. a. few refractory periods b. bulimia nervosa c. erotic plasticity d. STIs e. the birth-order effect

answer

d

question

Which of the following is NOT true with respect to sexual orientation? a. Virtually all cultures in all times have been predominantly heterosexual. b. The environmental factors that influence sexual orientation are presently unknown. c. Identical twins are somewhat more likely than fraternal twins to share a homosexual orientation. d. With the help of a therapist, most people find it easy to change their sexual orientation. e. A male who has older brothers is somewhat more likely to be gay.

answer

d

question

Which of the following is true regarding the brain and sexual orientation? a. Gay men and straight women have larger left hemispheres. b. Lesbian women and straight men have larger right hemispheres. c. Gay men and straight women have smaller right hemispheres. d. Lesbian women and straight men have brain hemispheres of similar size. e. Gay men and lesbian women have smaller left hemispheres.

answer

b

question

Our ________ is said to be a gauge of how socially accepted we feel. a. set point b. basal metabolic rate c. erotic plasticity d. self-esteem e. cultural values

answer

d

question

The stress normally experienced by immigrants is lessened by chain migration. This best illustrates the importance of ________ needs. a. self-actualization b. safety c. belongingness d. sexual e. self-transcendence

answer

c

question

Which theory suggests that you would not experience intense anger unless you were first aware of your racing heart or other symptoms of physiological arousal? a. the relative deprivation theory b. the James-Lange theory c. the adaptation-level theory d. the Cannon-Bard theory e. the two-factor theory

answer

b

question

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system a. increases salivation and increases blood pressure. b. decreases respiration and decreases perspiration. c. increases salivation and decreases blood pressure. d. decreases salivation and increases blood pressure. e. increases respiration and decreases perspiration.

answer

d

question

A lie detector test is used to monitor a person's a. insulin levels. b. stomach contractions. c. brain activity. d. respiration. e. limbic system.

answer

d

question

If people who have just been aroused by watching rock videos are then insulted, their feelings of anger will be greater than those of people who have been similarly provoked but were not previously aroused. This is best explained by the a. relative deprivation principle. b. Cannon-Bard theory. c. catharsis hypothesis. d. adaptation-level phenomenon. e. two-factor theory.

answer

e

question

The instantaneous and automatic fear response we experience when unexpectedly stumbling upon a snake illustrates the importance of the a. amygdala. b. hypothalamus. c. pituitary gland. d. hippocampus. e. frontal cortex.

answer

a

question

By exposing different parts of emotion-laden faces, researchers found that we detect anger mostly from the ________ and happiness mostly from the ________. a. body; mouth b. mouth; eyes c. eyes; body d. mouth; mouth e. eyes; mouth

answer

e

question

If you mimic another person's facial expressions of emotion, you probably will feel increasing empathy for that person. This is best explained in terms of a. the catharsis hypothesis. b. relative deprivation. c. the James-Lange theory. d. the feel-good, do-good phenomenon. e. the adaptation-level principle.

answer

c

question

Some psychologists describe emotions as variations on two dimensions, which are a. fear and catharsis. b. arousal and valence. c. shame and grief. d. joy and happiness. e. anxiety and stress.

answer

b

question

Darvin made too wide a turn on his bicycle and ended up head first on the pavement. As a result of his fall, Darvin is afraid to ride his bike but doesn't remember why. Darvin has suffered damage to his a. hippocampus. b. amygdala. c. hypothalamus. d. prefrontal cortex. e. sensory cortex.

answer

a

question

Luciano believes that the best way to get over the anger he feels toward his high school teacher is to scream shameful profanities while hitting a punching bag. His belief best illustrates a. relative deprivation. b. the adaptation-level phenomenon. c. subliminal stimulation. d. the guilty knowledge test. e. the catharsis hypothesis.

answer

e

question

After receiving exciting news about the birth of a healthy grandson, Mr. Haney was easily persuaded to contribute a generous sum of money to a neighborhood church. This best illustrates the a. two-factor theory. b. adaptation-level phenomenon. c. James-Lange theory. d. feel-good, do-good phenomenon. e. catharsis hypothesis.

answer

d

question

Professor Crane was ecstatic when he learned that his research study had been approved for publication. His feelings of joy quickly dissipated, however, when he heard a colleague recently had three different research articles accepted for publication. His declining emotional satisfaction is best explained in terms of a. the facial feedback effect. b. relative deprivation. c. the James-Lange theory. d. the adaptation-level phenomenon. e. the behavioral feedback effect.

answer

b

question

The fight-or-flight response is associated with the release of ________ into the bloodstream. a. serotonin b. carcinogens c. lymphocytes d. epinephrine e. dopamine

answer

d

question

The body's response to stress was described by Canadian scientist ________ as the general adaptation syndrome. a. Walter Cannon b. Carroll Izard c. Daniel Kahneman d. Charles Darwin e. Hans Selye

answer

e

question

Type A personality is to Type B personality as ________ is to _______. a. epinephrine; norepinephrine b. obesity; cancer c. time-conscious; competitive d. irritable; calm e. arousal; valence

answer

d

question

When Mr. Morgan misinterpreted his harmless symptoms of autonomic nervous system arousal as indicative of an impending heart attack, he suffered an unusually intense level of fear. His emotional suffering is best understood in terms of the a. catharsis hypothesis. b. James-Lange theory. c. relative deprivation principle. d. two-factor theory. e. adaptation-level phenomenon.

answer

d

question

Antonio's car stalls in the middle of a railroad crossing just as a train is rapidly approaching. His emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by a. a decreased blood sugar level. b. a decreased respiration rate. c. contraction of the arteries. d. dilation of his pupils. e. slowing of his heart beat.

answer

d

question

Exuberant infants and alert, energetic adults are especially likely to show high levels of brain activity in the a. limbic system. b. sensory cortex. c. cerebellum. d. left frontal lobe. e. hypothalamus.

answer

d

question

An approach to lie detection that assesses a suspect's physiological response to details of a crime known only to police investigators is called the a. relative deprivation principle. b. catharsis hypothesis. c. adaptation-level principle. d. stress response system. e. guilty knowledge test.

answer

e

question

The arousal that lingers after an intense argument may intensify sexual passion. This best illustrates a. relative deprivation. b. the spillover effect. c. the adaptation-level phenomenon. d. the feel-good, do-good phenomenon. e. well-being.

answer

b

question

The emotion researcher who believed that even most instantaneously felt emotions involve some sort of cognitive appraisal was a. Hans Selye. b. Robert Zajonc. c. Walter Cannon. d. Carroll Izard. e. Richard Lazarus.

answer

e

question

Feigned smiles are initiated ________ abruptly and last for ________ genuine smiles. a. more; shorter time than b. less; the same amount of time as c. more; longer time than d. less; shorter time than e. more; the same amount of time as

answer

c

question

The most universally understood way of expressing emotion is through a. hand gestures. b. body postures. c. facial expressions. d. tone of voice. e. emoticons.

answer

c

question

If people wrinkle their noses in disgust when presented with a strange-looking food, they are likely to experience an increasingly intense emotional aversion to the food. This best illustrates the a. Cannon-Bard theory. b. relative deprivation principle. c. feel-good, do-good phenomenon. d. facial feedback effect. e. adaptation-level principle.

answer

d

question

Annual surveys of entering U.S. collegians has revealed a(n) a. increasing desire for emotional well-being. b. decreasing need to satisfy safety needs. c. increasing desire for wealth. d. decreasing desire to accomplish something important. e. increasing need to obtain advanced degrees.

answer

c

question

A celebrity actress experiences ever-increasing levels of professional acclaim following each successful movie role. Yet with each success, she experiences no more than a temporary surge of subjective well-being. This is best explained in terms of the a. catharsis hypothesis. b. James-Lange theory. c. two-factor theory. d. adaptation-level phenomenon. e. Cannon-Bard theory.

answer

d

question

One person, alone in a house, dismisses its creaking sounds and experiences no stress; someone else suspects an intruder and becomes alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of a. catharsis. b. adaptation level. c. spontaneous remission. d. the general adaptation syndrome. e. stress appraisal.

answer

e

question

The second phase of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by a. resistance. b. exhaustion. c. an alarm reaction. d. low blood pressure. e. increased salivation.

answer

a

question

Who is the best example of a Type A personality? a. Bonnie, a relaxed, fun-loving professor b. Susan, a brilliant, self-confident accountant c. Clay, a reflective, open-minded artist d. Andre, a competitive, easily angered journalist e. Georgette, an easygoing professional model

answer

d

question

B lymphocytes are formed in the a. adrenal gland. b. brainstem. c. liver. d. bone marrow. e. amygdala.

answer

d

question

Dr. Matsuko's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-rearing practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring. It is most likely that Dr. Matsuko is a(n) ________ psychologist. a. cognitive b. developmental c. biologicals d. psychodynamic e. behavioral

answer

b

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