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42. This has been called "the concept of the 1990s."

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d. Globalization

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43. What were the student protesters who occupied Tiananmen Square in Beijing in June 1989 demanding?

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a. Greater democracy

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44. The Velvet Revolution was

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a. the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe.

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45. By the end of 1991, Soviet attempts at economic reform had created chaos, and the

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b. Soviet Union dissolved, ending the Cold War.

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46. Which African state, which had practiced apartheid for decades, elected anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela president in 1994?

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d. South Africa

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47. Operation Desert Storm

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a. quickly drove the Iraqi army out of Kuwait.

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48. Bill Clinton

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d. all of these (a. secured the Democratic nomination for president because he combined social liberalism with elements of conservatism. b. had an election campaign director who was fond of the saying "It's the economy, stupid" [the American people are most worried about the economy]. c. appointed his wife to head the panel on health-care reform.)

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49. Third-party candidate Ross Perot

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a. received the most votes for a third-party candidate since Theodore Roosevelt.

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50. NAFTA

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c. created a free-trade zone for the United States, Mexico, and Canada.

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51. The "Freedom Revolution" was

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b. the Republican victory at the 1994 congressional elections.

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52. The Contract with America

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c. included the promise to cut government spending and end affirmative action.

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53. How did Pres. Clinton respond to the Republican victory in the 1994 congressional elections?

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c. He campaigned against radical Republicans and moved toward the center.

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54. Concerning the presidency of Bill Clinton, all of the following are true, EXCEPT:

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c. During the Balkan crisis, Pres. Clinton refused to commit troops to the conflict.

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55. Concerning the American economy in the 1990s and the year 2000, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

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c. NAFTA spurred the new economy.

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56. By the start of the 21st century, dot coms symbolized the

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c. negative impact of stock speculation among technology companies.

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57. Countless corporate scandals and stock frauds stemmed directly from the 1999 repeal of which New Deal measure?

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a. The Glass-Steagall Act

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58. Antiglobalization protesters made all of the following demands in the "Declaration for Global Democracy," EXCEPT:

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c. Globalization should continue along a course set by the United Nations.

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59. By the end of the 1990s, the American economy

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a. was characterized by rising employment rates and declining income for poor and middle-class Americans.

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60. Because of the changes made in immigration laws in 1965, thirty-five years later the immigrant population in the United States

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b. increasingly came from Asia and Latin America.

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61. By the start of the 21st century, the largest minority group in the United States was

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a. Latino.

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62. Increasingly visible during the 1990s, Asian-Americans

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b. were hailed by white Americans as a "model minority."

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63. During the 1990s, African-American civil rights

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b. declined as the legal definition of discrimination was narrowed.

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64. In the 1990s, school segregation

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b. was on the rise.

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65. In the 1990s, the prison population

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b. increased as state governments increased penalties for crimes and decreased parole.

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66. This city witnessed riots and looting in 1992 after tensions snapped over an episode of police officers beating an unarmed African-American man?

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d. Los Angeles

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67. By the year 2000, the AIDS epidemic

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c. was spreading less rapidly among gay Americans.

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68. A visible sign of Native American quasi-sovereignty has been

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b. Casinos

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69. The battles that raged throughout the 1990s over moral values were called

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b. culture wars.

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70. At the end of the 20th century, the Christian Coalition

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c. was a major force in Republican Party politics.

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71. The term "pay gap" refers to

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c. the discrepancies in pay rates for men and women.

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72. Casey v. Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania

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d. repudiated the centuries-old claim that a husband had a legal claim to control the body of his wife.

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73. By the start of the 21st century, American women

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b. received over 40 percent of the advanced degrees in law, business, and medicine.

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74. The abortion rate declined throughout the 1990s largely because

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c. teenagers had increasing access to contraception.

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75. The 1995 truck bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City was organized by

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c. a far-right private militia group.

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76. In 1998, Congress brought impeachment charges against Pres. Clinton because he

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b. lied about his extramarital affair before the grand jury.

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77. Bush v. Gore ordered

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c. Florida to halt its recount.

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78. The outcome of the 2000 presidential race between George W. Bush and Al Gore was

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a. finally decided by the Supreme Court.

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79. By the start of the 21st century, American voter participation rates had

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b. declined even further from previous years.

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80. According to a 2000 public-opinion poll, 69 percent of Americans who responded were most proud of the nation's

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c. equal opportunity laws.

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