question

A client with uterine cancer is receiving chemotherapy and develops thrombocytopenia. Due to this side effect, the nurse should plan to give the greatest consideration to which of the following? A. Monitoring vital signs for signs of infection B. Reminding the client to use an electric razor C. Encouraging frequent rest periods D. Instructing the client to vigorously brush and floss the teeth

answer

B

question

An adolescent female client who had a successful bone marrow transplant is being discharged. Which of the following information should the nurse reinforce in relation to the discharge plan? (Select all that apply) A. Take you temp twice a day B. You may return to school if you feel strong enough C. It is important to always wear shoes D. Clean your toothbrush weekly with isopropyl alcohol E. Avoid using tampons

answer

A, C, E

question

A nurse is assiting in the development of a care plan for a client immediately following a bone marrow transplant. Which of the following post transplant concerns should be the nurse's highest priority? A. Pain B. Social isolation C. Risk for infection D. Graft-versus-host disease

answer

C

question

A client with breast cancer is receiving a combination of chemotherapy agents. The nurse understands that the rationale for this combine treatment modaility is that the .... A. Risk of renal toxicity is lessened B. Agents act at different stages of cellular mitosis C. Length of treatment will be shorter D. Potential for bone marrow suppression is eliminated

answer

B

question

A nurse is preparing to discharge a client who had a right radical mastectomy 2 days ago and will be going home with drains still in the incision. When assisting in the development of a discharge plan of care for this client, which of the following is appropriate to include? A. Empty the reservoir bulb attached to the drain once a day B. Avoid exercises that raise the right arm over the head for 6 weeks C. Take your blood pressure on the left arm D. Report numbness of the inner right arm to the provider

answer

C

question

A client is being evaluated in an oncology clinic after referral by the client's provider for suspicion of Hodgkin's disease. The nurse should anticipate that the client will exhibit which of the following? A. Bone and joint pain B. Enlarged lymph nodes C. Difficult swallowing D. Patchy alopecia

answer

B

question

Four weeks after a bone marrow transplant, a client develops a fever and a rash on the hands and feet. Based on these findings, the nurse should suspect that the client is experiencing which of the following conditions? A. An allergic response to medication B. Side effects of radiation therapy C. Graft-versus-host disease D. Veno-occlusive disease of the liver

answer

C

question

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with cancer in situ. The client asks the nurse what type of cancer this is. An appropriate response by the nurse would be that cancer in situ is when abnormal cell production A. Has spread to a distant site B. Has infiltrated the lymph nodes C. Has invaded surrounding tissue D. Has developed within a localized area

answer

D

question

A nurse in an oncology clinic is collecting data from a client who has multiple myeloma. In relation to laboratory findings commonly associated with this diagnosis, the nurse should carefully obeserve the client for manifestations related to which of the following? A. Hypocalcemia B. Thrombocytopenia C. Leukocytosis D. Polycythemia

answer

B

question

A client with a multiple myeloma is admitted to the unit with a white blood cell count of 2,000/mm3. Which of the following foods should the nurse prohibit family members from bringing the client? A. Fried chicken from a fast food shop B. A gift basket of bagels C. A factory-sealed box of chocolates D. A fresh fruit basket

answer

D

question

A nurse is caring for a client following a right modified radical mastectomy. Which of the following actions by an assistive personnel (AP) should indicate to the nurse that further teaching is needed? A. Elevating the right arm on a pillow B. Encouraging the client to do deep breathing exercises C. Emptying the surgical drains every 8 hrs D. Taking blood pressure on the right arm

answer

D

question

A client who has a suspected ovarian tumor is scheduled to have a pelvic ultrasound. In preparing the client for the procedure, the nurse should reinforce to the client to.... A. Drink 4-6 glasses of water and do not void B. Have nothing to eat or drink after midnight C. Self administer an enema the night before the procedure D. Abstain from sexual intercourse the night before

answer

A

question

A client who has leukemia has a relapse, and the provider recommends a bone marrow transplant. After the provier leaves, the client asks the nurse, "Do they put the marrow back in me the same way they took it out for a biopsy?" Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? A. No, it's transfused just like any other blood component into your central IV line B. Yes, its's replaced directly into the bone like a biopsy, but it requires several sites C. Yes, however, you will not feel it because they will do it in the operating room under anesthesia D. I'll get the doctor back in here to answer the rest of your questions

answer

A

question

A client is admitted to the hospital after being treated with vincristine for cancer. The client reports being diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy due to chemotherapy. When collecting data from the client, the nurse should expect to see which of the following clinical manifestations in the client's extremities? A. Edema B. Tingling C. Ataxia D. Spasms

answer

B

question

A nurse anticipates that a client who is receiving antineoplastic medications may manifest which of the following side effects? A. Gingival hyperplasia B. Hirsutism C. Aplastic anemia D. Weight gain

answer

C

question

A client is receiving external radiation therapy. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the client understands the discharge teaching plan? A. I need to protect the area from sunlight B. I'm going to apply skin cream every day to the area C. I'll massage the area once a day D. I'll wash the markings off after each therapy treatment

answer

A

question

A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive brachytherapy via a cervical implant. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that further teaching is necessary? A. My husband will stand 6 feet away during his visit B. My children will only be allowed to visit for 20 minutes C. My pregnant sister cannot visit me while I am here D. A walk to the bathroom is off limits the next 2 days

answer

B

question

A client who is receiving external radiation asks the nurse, "Am I radioactive?" Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? A. No, you are not radioactive B. Only your urine is radioactive C. Are you afraid that you might be radioactive D. Your blood will be radioactive for 7 days

answer

A

question

A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed as having squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. When completing the history and physical, the nurse should ask the client about a history of which of the following? A. Hemoptysis B. Dysphagia C. Dysgeusia D. Heartburn

answer

A

question

A nurse is helping to develop a plan of care for a client with metastatic lung cancer who is at risk for the development of superior vena cava syndrome. The nurse includes in the plan to assess the client frequently for early manifestations of superior vena cava syndrom including.... A. Irregular cardiac rhythm B. Change in the LOC C. Wasting of the arms D. Facial edema

answer

D

question

Which of the following definitions best describes the tumor classification of a carcinoma? A. Cancer that originates from organs that form blood B. Cancer that originates from epithelial cells C. Cancer that originates from organs that fight infection D. Cancer that originates from connective tissue, such as bone or muscle

answer

B

question

Which of the following dietary modifications reduces the risk of cancer? A. Decrease intake of foods rich in Vitamin A & C, such as fruits and yellow and green leafy vegetables B. Increase intake of processed meats that contain nitrites and nitrates as preservatives C. Decrease fat intake to 20-30% of total daily calories D. Increase intake of red meat

answer

C

question

Which of the following warning signs might indicate the possibility of cancer? A. Change in bowel and bladder habits and function B. Sores that do not heal C. A change in wart or mole D All of the above

answer

D

question

What does it mean when the lab report states: "Tumor is a grade IV?" A. Tumor is very aggressive and unpredictable B. Tumor has malignant cells confined to the layer of cells in which they began C. Tumor with undifferentiated cells that should respond well to treatment D. Tumor with benign cells that resemble the tissue of origin

answer

A

question

What term is used when a patient has a low WBC count? A. Myelosuppression B. Leukopenia C. Thrombocytopenia D. Xerostomia

answer

B

question

What term is used when a patients CBC indicates low leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelet counts? A. Myelosuppression B. Leukopenia C. Thrombocytopenia D. Stomatitis

answer

A

question

Which of the following are adverse side effects of chemotherapy? A. Nausea and vomiting first 24 hours following treatment B. Stomatitis and myelosuppression C. Alopecia and fatigue D. All of the above

answer

D

question

What are the 3 safety principles for nurses when a patient has radioisotopes used to treat cancer? A. Time, desquamation, distance B. Time, shielding, extravastion C. Time, distance, shielding D. Time, alopecia, shieding

answer

C

question

When caring for a patient with cancer, which of the following problems might be related to their cancer diagnosis? A. Pain B. Fatigue C. Infection D. All of the above

answer

D

question

Patients with cancer have a lot of nutrition difficulties. Which of the following nursing interventions might be beneficial for the patient? A. Encourage small frequent meals B. Nauseated and vomiting patient should replenish fluids by taking small amounts of water or flat beverages every 10-15 minutes C. A high fluid intake is necessary to promote excretion of chemotherapeutic drugs. Water, milk, fruit juices, and high-protein beverages are good choices D. All of the above

answer

D

question

The nursing specialty related to care of clients with cancer is ________.

answer

Oncology nursing

question

A surgical procedure when the entire tumor cannot be removed but as much of it as possible is removed is referred to as__________.

answer

Cytoreductive surgery

question

________ carcinogens include prolonged exposures to sunlight, radiations, and pollutants.

answer

Environmental

question

________ surgery may be done after extensive surgery to correct defects caused by the original surgery.

answer

Reconstructive

question

When tumors are confined and have not invaded vital organs, the surgery is more likely to be curative.

answer

Primary treatment

question

These types of carcinogens are believed to account for 75% of all cancers. Examples include tobacco, asbestos, coal dust, pesticides, and formaldehydes.

answer

Chemical agents

question

When radioisotopes are used to treat cancer, these three safety principles must ALWAYS be kept in mind.

answer

Time, Distance, and Shielding

question

Surgery that helps to relieve uncomfortable symptoms or prolong life.

answer

Palliative

question

Specialize tests that identify specific proteins, antigens, hormones, genes, or enzymes that cancer cells release.

answer

Tumor markers

question

A type of surgery that involves shaving off one thin layer of skin at a time. Each layer is examined microscopically. Surgery ends when all cells look normal.

answer

Mohs surgery

question

New growths of abnormal tissue.

answer

Neoplasms (tumors)

question

Cancers originating from epithelial cells.

answer

Carcinomas

question

Cancers originating from organs that fight infection.

answer

Lymphomas

question

Cancers originating from organs that form blood.

answer

Leukemias

question

Cancers originating from connective tissue, such as bone or muscle.

answer

Sarcomas

question

Not invasive or spreading; remain at their site of development.

answer

Benign

question

Invasive and capable of spreading; likely to metastasize.

answer

Malignant

question

Uses high-energy ionizing radiation, such as high-energy x-rays, gamma rays, and radioactive particles (alpha and beta particles, neutrons, and protons) to destroy cancer cells, shrink tumors, and relieve symptoms.

answer

External radiation therapy

question

AKA brachytherapy, refers to short-distance therapy. It involves the direct application of radioactive source on or within a tumor and can deliver a high dose of radiation to a small area.

answer

Internal radiation therapy

question

Uses antineoplastic agents to treat cancer cells locally and systemically. These agents may be used alone or with other therapies to cure cancer, prevent it from metastasizing, slow its growth, destroy tumor cells that have metastasized, or relieve symptoms.

answer

Chemotherapy

question

Used to replace bone marrow destroyed by cancer or cancer treatments.

answer

Stem cell transplantation

question

The purpose of this is to manipulate the natural immune response by restoring modifying, stimulating, or augmenting the natural defenses. It uses the client's own immune system to stimulate the body's natural immunity to restrict and destroy cancer cells or involve receiving immune system components to do the same.

answer

Immunotherapy

question

This is combined with other therapies. It alters cell membrane permeability so that uptake of chemotherapy is increased. It enhances the function of immunotherapeutic agents. This uses thermal temperatures greater than 106.7 degrees to destroy tumor cells.

answer

Hyperthermia

question

Uses a photoactive drug, porfimer (Photofrin), that, when administered intravenously, is stored in higher concentrations in malignant tissues. Several days after the drug is administered, laser light applied to the tumor activates the drug and destroys the malignant cells. Damage to healthy tissues is minimal.

answer

Photodynamic therapy

question

This involves replacing altered genes with correct genes, inhibiting defective genes, and introducing substances that destroy genes or cancer cells. Scientists have theorized that many cancers result from gene alterations.

answer

Gene therapy

question

When advising a client on diet modifications to reduce the risk of cancer, the nurse is correct in recommending which of the following? A. Increase your intake of red meat B. Decrease your intake of dietary fiber C. Increase your intake of processed meat D. Increase your intake of cruciferous vegetables

answer

D

question

Which of the following instructions does the nurse provide to clients receiving radiation therapy? A. Report when there is difficulty with swallowing B. Report when there are mood swings C. Report when there is a loss of appetite D. Report when there are sleep disorders

answer

A

question

The nurse is explaining the client's upcoming surgery for cancer, stating that liquid nitrogen is used to freeze and destroy cancer cells. The nurse is describing what kind of surgery? A. Electrosurgery B. Laser C. Cryosurgery D. Chemosurgery

answer

C

question

Which of the following is a nursing intervention when managing clients receiving radiation therapy? A. Monitor clients for signs of bone marrow suppression B. Monitor clients for dehydration C. Monitor clients for insufficient urine output D. Monitor clients for signs of increased blood sugar levels

answer

A

question

Which of the following safety measures must the nurse implement to minimize radiation effects when working with clients who have just undergone treatment with radioisotopes? A. Wear a special uniform to block radiation B. Do not attend the client for the first 14 hours C. Wear a face mask and gloves D. Limit time spent with the client

answer

D

question

Which of the following is an important nursing intervention when managing clients receiving a bone marrow transplant? A. Monitor clients for signs of elevated urine specific gravity B. Monitor clients for signs of infection C. Monitor clients for signs of elevated blood urea nitrogen D. Monitor clients for signs of elevate blood pressure

answer

B

question

A client asks the nurse about the stage of the recently diagnosed malignant tumor. The client states: "My doctor told me it is T1, NO, MX." What is the nurse's best response? A. The tumor is connected to another organ B. The tumor is small with no evidence of metastasis at this time C. The tumor is small but does not have well-defined margins D. The tumor is well-differentiated and will respond well not treatment

answer

B

question

The nurse practitioner is concerned that a client has not had regular checkups as a means of catching any abnormalities early. Which of the following is an early warning signs and symptom of cancer? A. Fibrocystic breast disease B. Yeast infection C. Stasis ulcers D. A change in a wart or mole

answer

D

question

A client tells the nurse that the physician wants to examine the tumor density, shape, size, volume, and location as well as looking at the blood vessels that feed the tumor. The client asks what is the test that does this. The nurse correctly states that it is which of the following test? A. A nuclear scan B. A CT C. An ultrasound test D. A fluoroscopy examination

answer

B

question

A client is being treated with radiation therapy and develops thrombocytopenia. What nursing intervention has the highest priority? A. Advise the client to shave with an electric razor B. Avoid using soap and friction on the irradiated area C. Keep the client's lips moist with lip balm D. Tell the client to wear loose cotton clothing

answer

A

question

A nurse instructs a group of young adults at a community center about behaviors that can decrease the risk of cancer. Which information is most applicable for this age group? A. Avoid smoking and prolonged sun exposure B. Schedule yearly mammograms or prostate examinations C. Perform self-examination techniques four times per year D. Eat a diet low in salt and fat

answer

A

question

A client is told that the malignant tumor is at stage T2, N0, M0. The client asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse's best response? A. The cancer is widespread beyond the tumor margins B. There is evidence of metastasis to another organ C. The tumor has spread to the surrounding lymph nodes D. This tumor can be measured but has not extended or metastasized

answer

D

question

A client newly diagnosed with cancer receives external radiation therapy. Which nursing instruction regarding bathing is most appropriate? A. Use a soft washcloth to wash the irradiated skin B. Avoid getting the irradiated skin wet C. Use alcohol instead of soap on the irradiated skin D. Cover the reddened irradiated area with clear plastic

answer

A

question

A client is receiving chemotherapy for cancer. After several treatments, blood studies demonstrate that the client is experiencing bone marrow suppression. The licensed practical nurse (LPN) can expect that the client will exhibit which of the following signs and symptoms? (Select all that apply) A. Easy bruising B. Bleeding from gums C. Bone pain D. Fatigue E. Headaches

answer

A, B, E

question

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a poor appetite while receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate for the nurse to use to increase the patients nutritional intake? A. Add instant breakfast or milk powder, cheese, or peanut butter to selected foods B. Avoid liquid protein supplements to encourage eating at mealtime C. Increase intake of liquids at mealtime to stimulate the appetite D. Serve three large meals per day plus snack between each meal

answer

A

question

A client diagnosed with cancer comes to the clinic after receiving a combination of radiation and chemotherapies. the client complains of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Which of the following signs requires an initial focused assessment by the nurse? A. Fatigue B. Dehydration C. Infection D. Anemia

answer

B

question

At a routine clinic visit, the nurse weighs a client who has cancer and finds that the client has lost 25lbs since beginning cancer treatment. What is the nurse's best suggestion for increasing the client's caloric intake? A. Advise the client to eat small, frequent meals B. Inform the client to eat foods high in fat C. Suggest that the client eat larger portions D. Tell the client to increase red meat intake

answer

A

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