question

In general, how many days should be allowed for diet changes in dogs and cats?

answer

5 to 7 days

question

As a dog or cat transitions from immature to mature, the recommended diet change is for

answer

Decrease in fat, increase in fiber

question

Which of the following is/are antioxidants?

answer

Lipoic acids, vitamin E, vitamin C

question

Which of the following has the least influence on the acceptability of food to dogs and cats?

answer

Color

question

On the average, an adult horse consumes approximately how many gallons of water per day?

answer

10 to 15

question

Horses and rabbits are

answer

Cecum fermenters

question

Puppies, kittens, and nursing mothers require

answer

Similar levels of protein in their diet

question

What ratio is compromised by feeding a diet high in bran to horses?

answer

Ca/P

question

Oversupplementation of vegetable oils can result in

answer

Decrease in absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K

question

Birds are attracted to

answer

Brightly colored feed

question

Psyllium is a source of

answer

Fiber

question

A factor included in body condition score of dogs and cats is

answer

Visible waist

question

Which of the following is/are examples of preservatives?

answer

Potassium sorbate

question

Thyroid medication, corticosteroids, and anabolic steroids

answer

Increase appetite

question

Chondroitin sulfates are an example of

answer

A nutraceutical

question

Failure to decrease the grain intake for a horse that transitions from training/work to an idle status may cause

answer

Azoturia

question

Which of the following vitamins is/are water soluble?

answer

Vitamin B12

question

Hypoallergenic diets oftentimes contain

answer

Rice

question

Patients with pancreatitis or hyperlipidemia should avoid foods high in

answer

Fats

question

Taurine and L-carnitine have been found to aid

answer

Cardiac muscle function

question

Which of the following is most often associated with cancer patients?

answer

Cachexia

question

Potassium is critical for

answer

Muscle function

question

Metabolizable energy differs from gross calorie content by

answer

Measuring the usable energy in a food

question

When feeding horses, it is recommended to measure feed

answer

Buy weight, not volume

question

Nutrient content as dry matter means

answer

Analysis of nutrient after moisture has been removed

question

Diet recommendations for diabetic patients is

answer

Foods that are high in fiber for slow release of nutrients

question

Horses are generally fed grain to meet what need?

answer

Energy

question

Oversupplementation of which of the following can be detrimental?

answer

Selenium

question

Appetite may be stimulated by all of the following, except

answer

Refrigerating the food

question

Deficiency of which of the following major nutrients is likely to have the most rapid negative effect on an animal?

answer

Water

question

Flaxseed is an especially good source of

answer

Omega-3 and six vitamins

question

Enteral feeding is

answer

Feeding via the gastrointestinal tract

question

If the percent dry matter on the label reads protein 45.7% and fat 30.5%, what patient should not eat this food?

answer

A dog with pancreatitis

question

Pet food labels list ingredients

answer

Descending order by weight

question

The amino acid found in animal tissue that is required by cats but not dogs is

answer

Taurine

question

Which of the following is a normal urine pH for a cat?

answer

6.2

question

AAFCO

answer

Substantiates nutrient claims by implementing procedures for animal feeding tests

question

When a product is labeled as flavored, it must contain at least what percent of said ingredient?

answer

3%

question

Alfalfa is it palatable source of protein for herbivores. In what macromineral is alfalfa also abundant?

answer

Calcium

question

Protein that is not used by the body is converted to energy, and the waste

answer

Is excreted by the kidneys

question

Which of the following animals can easily become hyperthermic if chased?

answer

Hogs and sheep

question

What is the best method to encourage a goat to stand still?

answer

Cover an eye

question

What breed is usually worked in stanchions or headlocks?

answer

Holstein cow

question

Which is a dairy breed?

answer

Guernsey

question

A deficiency in the essential amino acid taurine in a feline diet can result in

answer

Dilated cardiomyopathy

question

What type of energy-producing nutrient is a dog or cat able to manufacture, if it is not available in the animals body?

answer

Nonessential amino acids

question

What species has the highest protein requirement?

answer

Cats

question

What is an example of a soluble carbohydrate?

answer

Glucose

question

Fats are required for absorption, transportation, and storage of what vitamins?

answer

A, D, E, and K

question

A dishwasher and a good quality detergent can be used for disinfecting nondisposable food and water bowls. The recommended temperature to kill most organisms is

answer

180°F

question

What nutrient is sometimes referred to as ash?

answer

Minerals

question

What mineral is considered to be a trace mineral?

answer

Iodine

question

A deficiency of what nutrient can cause anemia?

answer

Iron

question

Orphaned kittens no longer need stimulation for urination and defecation at what age?

answer

16 to 21 days

question

At what age is a kitten fully able to control its body temperature?

answer

28 days

question

Cow's milk should not be given to puppies or kittens as a milk replacer because of its

answer

Low protein and fat levels

question

What is the normal body temperature of a kitten during the first 2 weeks of its life?

answer

95 degrees Fahrenheit

question

At what core temperature does a newborn kitten's digestive tract become less functional?

answer

90 degrees Fahrenheit

question

Which of these species is an omnivore?

answer

Hamster

question

Calcium in the diet must be carefully regulated for what species?

answer

Rabbit

question

Rabbits should have an unlimited amount of

answer

Grass hay

question

Which is not true about rabbit cecal pellets?

answer

Also known as "day droppings"

question

Vitamin C supplements must be added to prevent scurvy in what species?

answer

Guinea pig

question

The vitamin C levels in guinea pig food decline after how many months of storage?

answer

3 months

question

What species is not nocturnal?

answer

Gerbil

question

Which statement about housing rabbits is accurate?

answer

Two male rabbits housed together will fight

question

What species is not a social animal and should be house alone?

answer

Hamster

question

Parvovirus causes what disease in cats?

answer

Panleukopenia

question

Feline distempter is caused by the same type of organism as what canine disease?

answer

Canine parvovirus

question

What disease is not characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration?

answer

Feline distemper

question

What type of floor is the most difficult to disinfect?

answer

Dirt

question

A dog has a history of not eating for 2 days and has lost 10% of its body weight. This weight loss is most likely due to a loss of

answer

Water

question

The most important factor in assuring weight loss in an obese cat is

answer

Owner compliance

question

Scent glands in the male goat are located

answer

Around the horn base

question

The reason that adult dogs and cats will often have diarrhea after consuming a large quantity of milk is because

answer

They have an inability to absorb lactose

question

Why should you not feed dog food to a cat?

answer

Cats have a higher requirement for taurine than dogs

question

Cholesterol would be found in the highest concentration in

answer

Turkey breast without the skin

question

An all-meat diet will cause a deficiency in

answer

Calcium

question

Lack of what nutrient is associated with prolonged clotting times?

answer

Vitamin K

question

A cat fed only fish would be most at risk for which of the following problems?

answer

Pansteatitis

question

Feeding an animal raw egg whites would put the animal at risk of a(n)

answer

Biotin deficiency

question

Cats should not be fed dog food because

answer

The amino acid content is too low

question

Great care must be taken when dehorning a goat with a hot electric dehorner because

answer

The heat may damage their brains

question

A cat being fed a homemade vegetarian diet could be expected to be deficient in all of the following, except

answer

Protein

question

Which of these signs is not seen in fearful animals?

answer

Constricted pupils

question

The reason why lamb was used in the past as the protein source in many hypoallergenic veterinary diets was because

answer

There was a time when most dogs and cats had not eaten lamb before

question

If there were no contraindications for the following feeding routes, the best route would be via

answer

A gastric tube

question

An advantage of a nasoesophageal, NE, tube over a gastrostomy tube is

answer

It does not require general anesthesia to put the tube in

question

After more than 1 day of not eating, animals are deriving most of their energy from

answer

Fat stores

question

After more than 1 day of not eating, animals are deriving most of their glucose from

answer

Lean body mass

question

The following would all be good methods of inducing a cat to eat except

answer

Sprinkling the food with onion powder to increase the olfactory properties of the food

question

What conditions is not exacerbated by obesity?

answer

Hyperthyroidism

question

What is not commonly associated with food allergies?

answer

A sudden change in diet

question

When using an elimination diet to test whether a dog has a food allergy, improvement should be seen within

answer

1 month

question

What has been demonstrated to prevent periodontal disease?

answer

Instrumental dental cleaning

question

For large-breed dogs, in addition to a genetic predisposition, research has also incriminated what in obesity?

answer

An energy-dense food provided ad libitum to puppies

question

Which of the following would be most detrimental to feed a growing puppy?

answer

Calcium supplement

question

Greasy, foul-smelling feces usually indicates

answer

A problem with fat absorption

question

The best measure of whether an animal is eating the right amount of food is

answer

If the animal has a 3 out of 5 body condition score

question

A dog's ideal weight is 20 kg and its actual weight is 30 kg. If each day you fed the dog 200 kcal less than what it would take for the dog to maintain its ideal weight, how long would it take for the animal to reach its ideal weight?

answer

1 year

question

Which of the following is not an advantage to feeding a dog with lymphosarcoma a diet high in fat?

answer

Fats are beneficial to digestion

question

A common complaint that clients make after their overweight dog has been switched to a high-fiber diet is

answer

Flatulence

question

The guaranteed analysis statement on the label of a bag of food will not give any information on the digestibility of the protein in the diet

answer

Digestibility of the protein in the diet

question

A problem with giving guinea pigs a diet appropriate for rabbits is

answer

Guinea pigs have a higher requirement for vitamin C than rabbits

question

Advantages of giving an animal in respiratory distress a high-fat diet would not include which of the following?

answer

Fat in the diet will cause an animal to breathe slower

question

Which of the following would be the most accurate estimate of the energy a foodstuff would contribute to an animal?

answer

Net energy

question

Which of the following terms would most likely predict forage with a high ADF value?

answer

Stemmy

question

By determining the nitrogen content of a food sample, one can estimate the amount of what in the diet?

answer

Protein

question

A client of your practice calls you up with a question about the diet that was prescribed for her cat. This client noticed on the label that the cat food contains several kinds of animal protein. The client says that because all animal protein contains cholesterol, she wondered whether the food contained good cholesterol or bad cholesterol. Which of the following statements would not be included in your answer?

answer

Plant products and animal products contain cholesterol

question

A client asks you about a new nutraceutical that you have never heard about. The least important question, as far as your ability to judge the efficacy of the product, would be

answer

How expensive is the product?

question

Which of the following would be least likely to induce diarrhea in a cat?

answer

Increased salt content in the diet

question

Which of the following would be an unlikely treatment for chronic diarrhea?

answer

Increasing the amount of vitamin C in the diet

question

Goiter can be caused by

answer

Deficiency of iodine

question

Which of the following does not result in glucose in the blood?

answer

Conversion of fatty acids to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver

question

Food allergies are usually due to which constituent of the diet?

answer

Protein

question

Typical sources of fiber in dog food would include all of the following, except

answer

Cornstarch

question

The primary difference in a diet to decrease hairballs in cats as compared with other cat diets is

answer

Amount of fiber

question

Of the following, the least dangerous if consumed in excessive amounts over requirements would be

answer

Vitamin B12

question

The most common nutritionally cause problems in dogs and cats is/are

answer

Obesity

question

The best plan to get an overweight pet to lose weight is to

answer

Feed the pet less and exercise it more

question

Acidifying diets will help prevent what type of bladder stones?

answer

Struvite

question

If a cat is eating grass, then you know that the

answer

Cause is unknown

question

Which of the following housing conditions is most likely to aggravate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heaves, in horses?

answer

Feeding dust hay

question

What species is least likely to require frequent cage cleaning?

answer

Gerbils

question

The most useful preventative measures against kennel cough in a shelter would be

answer

Ensuring that air circulation is good

question

Low environmental humidity puts neonatal puppies and kittens at risk for

answer

Dehydration

question

The minimum relative humidity in a neonatal puppy housing unit should be

answer

50%

question

During the first weeks of life, orphaned puppies and kittens should be reared in an environmental temperature of

answer

32.2 degrees Celsius, 90 degrees Fahrenheit

question

To keep animals germ free inside a barrier unit, the air pressure inside compared with that outside must be

answer

Higher

question

In an isolation unit where sick animals are housed, the air pressure in the unit compared with that in the quarters housing healthy animals must be

answer

Lower

question

Very low humidity in a colony of rats may precipitate a problem known as

answer

Ring tail

question

A roll-bar in a farrowing crate keeps the sow from contacting the pen wall as she lies down; the function of the roll-bar is to prevent

answer

Crushing the young

question

The squeeze-back is a desirable feature in cage housing for

answer

Monkeys

question

Adult males of what species should not be group-housed?

answer

Mice

question

For good sanitation, outdoor runs should have floors constructed of

answer

Concrete

question

"Red tears", chromodaccryorrhea, in rays is caused by

answer

Stress

question

Ducks and geese that eat moldy feed frequently succumb to

answer

Aspergillosis

question

Filter caps on rodent shoebox cages reduce the

answer

Horizontal transmission of pathogens

question

The most common health problem encountered in cattle that have been recently shipped is

answer

Pneumonia

question

Which of the following is not required of a well-built doghouse?

answer

Spacious and roomy inside

question

Which of these is not a common strategy for managing heat stress in dairy cattle?

answer

Feeding early in the day

question

The best type of feeding bowl for dogs is one made of

answer

Steel

question

Although there is good serologic evidence that animals in shelters are exposed to many of the same pathogens, not all shelters experience a disease problem. The difference can best be explained by variance in the

answer

Standards of management practice

question

An inappropriate use of a puppy crate is for

answer

Punishing

question

When young livestock are exposed to poor ventilation or cold stress, what outbreaks often occur?

answer

Pneumonia

question

If you are visiting all of the housing areas on a farm, in what order should you view or examine the animals?

answer

Calves, weaned heifers or steers, cows

question

An especially important period of puppy development that is critical to normal behavior as an adult it

answer

The socialization period

question

Puncture wounds in horses and other species pose a particular risk for the development of

answer

Tetanus

question

The height of a nipple watering device must be adjusted according to the size of the pigs in the pen. It should be set at a level that is

answer

Just above the shoulder of the pigs

question

The number of nipple watering devices in group pens varies according to the size and number of animals involved. A pen of 20 pigs should have a minimum of

answer

2 nipples per pen

question

What is a newborn piglet's lower critical temperature?

answer

90 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit

question

What does it mean mean piglets lie in a pile with some one top of others?

answer

They are cold

question

The environmental temperature should be monitored routinely in a farrowing unit. Where should thermometers be placed?

answer

Near the floor at the pig's level

question

What can a producer do to provide an acceptable environment for a lactating sow and her offspring?

answer

Keep the overall area comfortable for the sow, and provide zones of supplemental heat for the piglets

question

Fences and dividers between groups of pigs should be constructed so that

answer

The slats are positioned vertically

question

As you walk through the nursery section of a swine production unit, you notice that many of the pigs have rectal prolapses. What does this observation tell you about their behavior?

answer

The pigs are piling up

question

Frequently, the most challenging aspect of housing goats is

answer

Fencing

question

Where is the dunging area most likely to be located in a pen that has adequate space for hogs?

answer

At the rear

question

What common vice might become apparent if pigs are crowded into a pen with insufficient space for the number of animals?

answer

Tail biting

question

Excessive carbon monoxide levels in a swine barn are usually associated with

answer

Incomplete combustion of fuel in a heater

question

Chutes used for moving swine should be constructed so that the sides

answer

Have no openings

question

Feeders in finishing hog pens should have

answer

One feeder space per 6 to 10 pigs

question

In finishing buildings with pits, exhaust fans should pull air out of the building from the

answer

Pit area

question

What nutrient is not an energy-producing nutrient?

answer

Minerals

question

Fiber serves as a major energy source for

answer

Herbivorous animals

question

Adenosine triphosphate, ATP, id s high-energy storage molecule used directly or indirectly to drive other cellular processes that require energy. What process is not driven by ATP?

answer

Synthesis of other low-energy compounds

question

Of the following, which takes priority in the use of amino acids in an animal?

answer

Growth and lactation

question

The most important ingested nutrient is

answer

Water

question

Which of the following is an example of a dietary macromineral?

answer

Calcium

question

The definition of nutrients is

answer

A nourishing substance, food, or component of food, including minerals, vitamins, fats, protein, carbohydrates, and water

question

A normal growth rate for puppies, per kilogram of anticipated adult weight, is

answer

2 to 4 g/day

question

What vitamin is not fat soluble?

answer

C

question

What condition does not cause obesity in companion animals?

answer

Insufficient exercise

question

What would provide the best information on the mineral status of a horse?

answer

Feed analysis

question

Sudden ration changes would not cause

answer

Cachexia

question

Enteral feeding is indicated in a horse with

answer

Dysphagia

question

Prolonged undernutrition in adult horses adversely affects all of the following except

answer

Skeletal structures

question

A horse with cardiac disease may not require a major dietary change. The only change they may be to restrict intake of is

answer

Salt

question

Horses with active laminitis should be fed

answer

Average-quality hay and no grain

question

Horses prone to esophageal obstruction should not be fed

answer

Pellets

question

What nutrient is not required for normal horn and hoof formation?

answer

Vitamin K

question

A first line of attack to improving voluntary feed intake in a hospitalized patient it to

answer

Treat the primary condition

question

During pregnancy, goats require extra dietary energy during the last

answer

2 months

question

Urea toxicity in small ruminants typically occurs within 1 hours after ingestion, What is not a sign of urea toxicity?

answer

Low packed cell volume, PCV

question

In goats, night blindness, poor appetite, weight loss, unthrifty appearance with a poor hair coat, and a thick nasal discharge have resulted from a lack of vitamin

answer

A

question

Lack of what vitamin in goat can cause nutritional muscular dystrophy, aka white muscle disease?

answer

E

question

Lack of what nutrients can cause retarded growth and rickets in goat kids?

answer

Vitamin C and calcium

question

Most scent glands in male goats can be destroyed at the time of

answer

Dehorning

question

Goats are most at risk for developing the metabolic condition termed ketosis during

answer

Late gestation

question

Ruminants that consume excessive concentrates may be predisposed to

answer

Rumen acidosis

question

Consumption of unaccustomed quantities of grain, or of lush pasture when first turned out in the spring, by goats or sheep can lead to incomplete digestion, overgrowth of clostridia in the small intestine, and production of epsilon toxin. This syndrome is called

answer

Enterotoxemia

question

A llama's stomach is functionally similar to, but anatomically different from, a true ruminant stomach. How many compartments does a llama's stomach have?

answer

3

question

Llama's, like true ruminants, can break down what feed constituent into short-chained fatty acids with the assistance of bacteria and protozoa?

answer

Cellulose

question

Which statement concerning feeding of llamas is most accurate?

answer

They should be fed on a regular schedule

question

A predominant deficiency of what nutrient causes angular limb deformities, given current North American feeding practices of llamas?

answer

Phosphorus

question

What nutrient represents the greatest fraction of dairy cattle diets after weaning and is essential to optimizing milk production?

answer

Carbohydrates

question

Overfeeding of the nutrient class what to ruminants or horses predisposes them to laminitis, or founder?

answer

Engery

question

Cattle add large quantities of saliva to their feed during chewing and also regurgitate during rumination. The most important effect of this is to

answer

Buffer the acids produced in the rumen

question

Which of the following comprised the major gaseous energy loss as a result of fermentation in the rumen?

answer

Methane

question

Neonates unable to tolerate gastrointestinal feeding are often administered TPN. What do the letters TPN stand for?

answer

Total parenteral nutrition

question

To supply nearly adequate nutrition via the intravenous route, solutions used must be

answer

Hypertonic

question

What foal type has the greatest nutritional requirement?

answer

Premature foal with speticemia

question

Hyperlipidemia is usually caused by intolerance of lipids and is characterized by cloudy serum and

answer

Increased serum triglycerides

question

Which of the following is not recommended for a weak foal?

answer

Bottle feeding

question

What condition is not associated with weight loss?

answer

Hyperadrenocorticism

question

To avoid abomasal bloat in calves, milk replacer must

answer

Be well mixed

question

Successful strategies for preventing diarrhea in unweaned dairy calves include all of the following, except

answer

Limiting the amount of milk fed

question

When a calf suckles and ingests warm milk, the reticular groove is stimulated to close so that milk and saliva pass directly into the

answer

Abomasum

question

When the newborn lamb receives no nutrition at all in cold environmental conditions, fat reserves last about

answer

1 to 2 days only

question

The neonatal calf is preruminant. What factor most influences rumen development?

answer

The calf's diet

question

What is a freemartin?

answer

A heifer calf born twinned to a bull

question

Lack of what vitamin can cause deafness, tissue malfunction, and large coarse skin lesions in dogs?

answer

A

question

The vitamin that is synthesized in the intestinal tract of dogs and other animals under normal conditions is

answer

Vitamin K

question

The vitamin needed by dogs in heavy training to facilitate development of erythrocytes to carry oxygen from the lungs to the muscles is

answer

Vitamin B12

question

The vitamin that is very important in reproductions, is a biologic antioxidant, and is considered necessary for several bodily functions is

answer

Vitamin E

question

What vitamin is also known as thiamine?

answer

Vitamin B1

question

The major consideration is evaluating a dog's diet is

answer

Digestibility

question

What term refers to the quantities of nutrients necessary to maintain a constant body weight in mature dogs at rest?

answer

Maintenance requirements

question

What condition is most likely to increase a dog's nutritional requirements?

answer

Pregnancy and lactation

question

Lack of the dietary nutrient what will cause problems in the shortest amount of time?

answer

Water

question

What nutrient makes up the greatest part of most dog rations and supplies energy?

answer

Carbohydrates

question

During lactation, the feed intake of queens typically

answer

Increases about 2 to 3 times

question

In home-cooked diets for dogs and cats, what are the most common nutritional deficits?

answer

Vitamin A and copper

question

Because of their high fiber content and bulky nature, dry dog food should not be fed to dogs with

answer

Diarrhea

question

What clinical condition is often mistaken for obesity and may conceal malnutrition?

answer

Ascites

question

What clinical condition is associated with acute overconsumption of a high-fat meal in dogs but is rarely seen in horses and pigs?

answer

Pancreatitis

question

In what condition should dietary ash be reduced to 5 g of NaCl per pound of food be added to stimulate water intake and thus achieve moderate diuresis?

answer

Crystalluria

question

Newborn piglets raised in confinement must be supplemented with

answer

Iron

question

Why do piglets need an iron supplement?

answer

They are born with low levels in their tissue and do not have an adequate dietary source while nursing

question

Swine must have access to drinking water at all times. If deprived of water for an extended period, they may

answer

Develop sodium chloride toxicity

question

Goose-stepping in swine, excessive lifting of the rear legs during walking, is most likely to be caused by a deficiency of

answer

Panthothenic acid

question

Soybean meal is often a basic component of swine diets. What does this ingredient provide?

answer

Protein

question

A nursery pig is presented for necropsy. The history states that it was healthy yesterday afternoon and was found dead this morning. Necropsy "reveals "mulberry heart disease." What dietary deficiency is the most likely to cause of this pig's sudden demise?

answer

Vitamin E

question

What nutrient will provide the most calories per gram?

answer

Fats

question

A diet high in vegetable protein will cause the animal to produce what urine?

answer

Alkaline

question

Sows often develop constipation during late gestation and early lactation. What should the producer do to minimize this problem and keep them in optimal health?

answer

Add fiber to the ration

question

Finely ground hog feed, particle size 600 to 800 microns, can increase the incidence of

answer

Gastric ulcers

question

Antibacterial drugs are routinely added to hog feed to increase performance and feed efficiency. What group of animals benefits the most from this practice?

answer

Nursery and grower pigs

question

What ingredient can be added to the diet of hogs to provide increased energy and reduce dust in the feed?

answer

Fat

question

Which statement regarding disinfecting kennels is false?

answer

The disinfectant must be allowed to stay in contact with all of the surfaces for 30 seconds, or it will not kill the disease organism

question

Bleach diluted what has consistently been found to be a good disinfectant for both routine use and for use during a disease outbreak?

answer

1:32 with water

question

What is a trichobezoar?

answer

Hairball

question

If used improperly, what restraint instrument is most likely to cause broken bones, strangulation, and death?

answer

Restraint gloves

question

Because of their bellows-like breathing, what species should be held loosely if grasped around the thorax?

answer

Birds

question

If a bird is presented to you in a cage that contains toys, perches, and water and food dishes, what is the best procedure for capturing the bird?

answer

Remove all of the paraphernalia from the cage and then reach in behind the bird

question

To collect blood from the cephalic vein of a dog or cat, you should place the animal in

answer

A sitting or sternal position and steady a front leg

question

For oral administration of liquid medication to a dog or cat, you should

answer

Leave the head in a horizontal position and administer the liquid between the lips and cheek

question

Of the following steps to place a cat in a cat bag, which should be first?

answer

Place the bag on the table

question

In prolonged attempts to capture a sheep or pig in a paddock or pen, it is extremely easy to cause

answer

Hyperthermia

question

When applying a chain twitch to a horse, you should

answer

Place it on the upper lip and tighten intermittent pressure

question

What piece of restraint equipment is most commonly used on horses?

answer

Halter

question

When disturbed by attempts at physical restraint, a horse's initial response is usually to

answer

Run

question

When restraining a foal for treatment or diagnostic procedures, you should

answer

Keep the mare nearby, within sight of the foal

question

What piece of restraint equipment usually remains permanently attached to bulls used for breeding?

answer

Nose ring

question

What animals have the strongest instinct to remain in a group when threatened?

answer

Sheep

question

The knot or hitch used to tie together two ropes of different sizes is a

answer

Sheet bend

question

The knot or hitch that can be used for breeding hobbles is a

answer

Bowline on a bight

question

The knot or hitch used to secure a lead rope to a stationary object is a

answer

Halter tie

question

The knot or hitch used to secure a rope to a vertical bar without slippage is the

answer

Clove hitch

question

A nonslip knot or hitch that is safe to place around and animal's neck is the

answer

Bowline

question

When "tail jacking: cow, grasp the tail

answer

At the base and elevate it dorsally and directly in the midline

question

When carrying a rabbit, it is important to support its hindquarters, so the animal does not

answer

Struggle and possibly fracture its spine

question

After securing a mouse by its tail, the head and body can be restrained by

answer

Placing the mouse on a grate, pulling back on its tail, and then quickly grasping the scruff of its neck

question

The apparatus usually used to restrain beef cattle is the

answer

Squeeze chute

question

The apparatus used to restrain horses is the

answer

Stock

question

The apparatus used to restrain adult pigs is the

answer

Snare

question

The apparatus ideal for restraining a bull to facilitate hoof trimming is the

answer

Tilt table

question

What procedure is not a distraction technique?

answer

Taping the legs together

question

What is the best time of day to restrain sheep in the summer?

answer

Early morning

question

To judge whether a dog is being aggressive, observe its body language. An aggressive dog

answer

Holds its head low between the shoulders

question

To judge whether a dog is nervous, observe its body language. A nervous dog usually

answer

Has eyes that dart from one thing to another

question

To protect yourself when attacked by a dog, you should

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Roll yourself into a ball and protect your neck and face with your arms

question

When confronted by a dog inside a kennel that is snarling, growling, and lunging at the bars, what restraint instrument is safest for you and the dog?

answer

Rope leash

question

A cat that was quiet and manageable before going into a cage has turned into a snarling mass of fangs and claws. What is the most likely cause of this behavior change?

answer

It is defending its territory

question

The cardinal rule when working with cats is to

answer

Make sure doors, windows, and hiding places are firmly closed

question

Normal behavior for a healthy, well-socialized cat in a new place is to

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Look around and investigate

question

Which of these is not a warning sign of an angry cat?

answer

Rubbing up against the cage bars

question

When restraining a rooster, be most careful of the

answer

Spurs

question

When restraining a large parrot, be most careful of its

answer

Beak

question

Of domestic fowl, which poses the least threat to a handler?

answer

Ducks

question

Of the caged birds listed, which one has the least tolerance for handling?

answer

Canaries

question

The most common cause of fear-based aggression in adult dogs is

answer

Poor socialization

question

What restraint equipment is most useful when moving pigs from one place to another?

answer

A portable barrier

question

It is acceptable and humane to lift a newborn pig by the

answer

Back leg

question

Of the cattle listed, which is most likely to be docile?

answer

Dairy cow

question

When handling cattle with horns, stand

answer

To the left and in front of the animal

question

If you need to tie a cow's tail out of the way, it is best to tie it to

answer

The cow's own body

question

To lift a full-grown rabbit out of its cage, you should grasp it by the

answer

Scruff of the neck

question

Rats can be safely and humanely picked up by

answer

Grasping them over the shoulders

question

What species can have a seizure if handles too harshly?

answer

Gerbils

question

To restrain a snake, you should

answer

Grasp it behind the head and support the rest of the body with your other hand

question

A horse standing with its ears erect and moving and its head erect is most likely

answer

Alert

question

The safest place to stand next to a horse is

answer

On the left side

question

Unlike other large animals, horses usually

answer

Respond to voice commands

question

When tying a horse to a fence rail, keep the rope

answer

Wither high with about 3 feet of slack

question

Horses respond to a handler's body language more than other large animals. If you are nervous about handling horses, you should

answer

Move quietly but confidently and say nothing

question

A chain shank is used with the halter as an added restraint device. Where should it be placed?

answer

Over the nose, dorsal to the nostrils

question

When restraining a sheep, what body part should not be grabbed?

answer

Wool

question

The "shepherds crook" is used around the

answer

Back leg

question

To capture a herd of goats, it is best to

answer

Capture the lead goat and the rest will follow

question

To restrain a kid for dehorning, you should

answer

Fold the legs into your lap and place each hand alongside the cheeks, holding the ears out of the way with your thumbs

question

How high can goats commonly jump?

answer

6 feet

question

A hog snare is used to catch and restrain pigs. For the snare to be effective, it should be placed over the

answer

Snout and as far back in the mouth as possible

question

For a sow to exit a farrowing crate, she must back up. What device works best to force her to back out of the crate?

answer

A broom

question

Pigs can be challenging animals to handle. When working with swine, understand that

answer

Pigs are not normally vicious, but caution is advised when working with them

question

You and the veterinarian are called to a local farm, where several litters of pigs are suffering from diarrhea. The piglets are 7 to 10 days old and are housed with their dams in conventional farrowing crates. The veterinarian prescribes immediate antibiotic injections, followed by oral medication for 3 days. The sows are extremely agitated by the presence of strangers and seem to be protective of their offspring. To minimize a sow's reaction to handling her piglets, you should remove them from her presence. Generally, the piglets will not squeal if you lift them by grasping the

answer

Hind leg

question

What restraint device would you choose to safely and easily collect blood samples from crated sows?

answer

Rope snare

question

It is July, and the weather is hot and humid. For what time of day should an appointment be made to blood test a group of replacement gilts?

answer

Early morning

question

A local swine producer calls your clinic to schedule an appointment for blood testing a group of replacement gilts. The gilts are currently penned in a large pasture but are fed daily on a fenced concrete pad. It is July, and the weather is hot and humid. What instructions would you give to the producer about penning the gilts before you and the veterinarian arrive?

answer

Entice the animals into the feeding are and confine them on the concrete pad just before the scheduled appointment time

question

A group of gilts is very nervous, because they have been caught with a snare several times in the past. What would you use to facilitate snaring them?

answer

A pair of hog tongs

question

While blood is being collected from a gilt during hot weather, she begins to show signs of porcine stress syndrome. What should you do?

answer

Let go and refrain from stressing her further

question

When choosing a muzzle for a Boston terrier, you should

answer

Use a basket-style muzzle

question

Pigs exhibit territorial behavior. When several unfamiliar animals are mixed in a group pen, fighting may occur. If the animals are of similar size, the aggressive behavior

answer

Will begin shortly after the animals are introduced and will be short term

question

Cattle have a visual blind spot located

answer

Behind their rear

question

A herd of cattle must be moved from the holding pen in a well-lit barn into a trailer sitting outside at night. The cattle are reluctant to leave the pen and move into the trailer. How can you most easily move the cattle?

answer

Turn on a light in the trailer that does not shine in the cattle's faces

question

Grazing animals have the best depth perception when

answer

Their heads are down

question

A herding panel is useful when handling

answer

Swine

question

An animal-care facility is having a problem with coccidioidomycosis. The treatment of runs and pens for this problem will be most successful using a

answer

Steam-cleaner with bleach

question

Use of a detergent cage-washer is an example of

answer

Sanitation

question

All of the following disinfectants can be used on surgical instruments except

answer

Halogens

question

Which of the following is useful for dissolving urine scale from rabbit pans?

answer

Acids

question

Rubber and plastic articles should be disinfected with

answer

Aldehydes

question

Effective cage washing necessitates a temperature at some point in the cycle of at least

answer

82.2 degrees Celsius. 180 degrees Fahrenheit

question

What disinfectant should not be used around cats or other felines?

answer

Phenolics

question

Disinfection is most difficult following contamination of premises with

answer

Canine parvovirus

question

Solutions of bleach mixed with water are useful for disinfection for up to

answer

24 hours

question

A product that destroys 100% of bacteria is classified as a

answer

Disinfectant

question

Chelating agents in cleaners remove

answer

Hard water minerals

question

For disinfectant cleaner to be registered by EPA as hospital strength, it must be effective at its recommended dilution in killing what percent of the targeted pathogens?

answer

100%

question

Hazardous components of a cleaner or disinfectant are stated in the manufacturer's

answer

MSDS

question

Alcohol's optimum disinfecting ability occurs at a dilution factor of

answer

70%

question

When hypochlorite solution comes in contact with formaldehyde, the gas produced is a very

answer

Dangerous carcingoen

question

When disinfecting using two products, the rule is to

answer

Use one disinfectant at a time

question

Selection of a disinfectant ideally depends on the

answer

Result required

question

Ultrasonic cleaners are used to

answer

Sanitize instruments

question

Ultrasonic cleaners work through creating

answer

High-frequency sound waves

question

In hand-cleaning equipment after surgery, the degree of cleanliness is most influenced by the

answer

Degree of mechanical friction

question

Floors are cleaned best using a

answer

Wet vacuum

question

During busy days in surgery, the area in the suite most likely to need decontamination is the

answer

Scrub sink floor and walls

question

When washing hands, it is important to remember that the highest density of bacteria occurs

answer

Under the nails

question

Nursing mares and foals should not be put into pastures that were grazed the previous year by

answer

Foals

question

Pastures should be free of

answer

Ponds

question

If stabling horses on clay floors, you should do what once a year?

answer

Replace clay surface

question

For effective sanitation, lights in the surgical suite should be

answer

Recessed into the ceiling

question

Soap for hand washing is most likely to harbor microbes if it is in

answer

Solid bar form

question

Before it is taken into the surgery room, portable equipment should be

answer

Damp dusted with a disinfectant

question

Chlorine bleach must never be combined with ammonia because of the potential production of

answer

Chlorine gases

question

A healthy, adult horse can drink up to how many gallons of water a day?

answer

12 gallons

question

What animal would you expect to have the highest water intake?

answer

Lactating cow

question

The what hay, it processed correctly, has the highest nutritional value when compared to to other hays?

answer

Alfalfa

Animal Nursing/ Animal Care – Flashcards

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