Chapter 3 issues in nursing practice – Flashcards
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Describes the continually shifting levels of health experience by each person.
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Health illness continuum
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A focus on prevention and providing services from birth to death under one integrated system is used for the healthcare systems.A system that may cover large geographic areas.
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Healthcare delivery system
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-changing characteristic of American population -increasing population -increasing number of uninsured/underinsured -increasing cultural diversity -increasing number of older adults
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Factors influencing healthcare change
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Identify series reportable adverse to events (also called never events). 28 events are so devastating to patients that they shouldn't never occurred in the healthcare
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Monitor by the national quality forum
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Implemented a new policy related to hospital acquired condition, that hospital should not receive payment for medical errors that should never have happened
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The centers for medicine and Medicaid services
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Created in 1965 to provide health insurance as part of the Social Security act to all people age 65 and over and people younger than age 65 who have a disability and are eligible for Social Security.
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Medicare
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Payment system in 1983 for 470 diagnostic categories to help control the costs in the Medicare program, which previously had no reimbursement limits. All hospitals are paid the same fee for patients and the thing diagnostic category regardless of the length of stay in supply cost.
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Diagnosis related group
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If certain conditions were not present on a mission POA, hospitals did not receive additional reimbursement for those conditions
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Healthcare acquired condition and present on a mission reporting
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Also create a 1965 to provide healthcare insurance as part of the Social Security act for low income or disabled person younger than the age of 65 and they're dependent children
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Medicaid
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Organization consist of groups of healthcare providers to provide healthcare for a group of people and effort to contain costs
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HMO or managed care
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Certified nursing assistant, Licensed practical nurses, licensed vocational nurses, registered nurses, certified registered nurse anestheists, certified registered nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse midwives, physicians, physicians assistant, pharmacist, and social workers
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Types of Healthcare team
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Seeks to influence, motivate, and enable others to achieve goals
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Leader
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the position or function of a leader, a person who guides or directs a group
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Leadership
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List the leadership styles
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Autocratic, democratic, Laidsez-faire, and coaching
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The leader determines the goals and plans for achieving the goals, others are instructed on what to do and not asked to provide input, achieves high quality outcome, efficient style for emergency situation.
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Autocratic
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Participation is encouraged in determining goals in plans for achieving the goals. Decision made within the group. shared responsibility
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Democratic
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Exerts no control over the group. Others are giving complete freedom under this leadership style. No one is responsible for determining goals and plans for achieving the goals produces a feeling of chaos. Quality of outcome is often poor.
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Laissez-faire
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emphasize active listening, clear communication, support, and accountability, work with others to develop problem-solving skills that facilitate critical thinking, prioritizing, and effective communication this style helps direct care employees feel more empowered, valued, and respect it.
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Coaching
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What are the five major components in management process
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Planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling
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The first step must be developed to ensure that desired patient care outcomes are achieved.
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Planning
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The second step in the management process, is to provide an orderly environment that promotes cooperation and goal achievement.
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Organizing
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Making assignments is the primary function, must be clearly and specifically stated, ensure that it's correctly understood, can be accomplished verbally and written
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Directing
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The process of looking at a situation Tim's sure that it is being handled in the most effective way for the organization or services for a patient.
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Coordinating
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The final phase of management processes to evaluate and accomplish organizational goals.
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Controlling
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The act of empowering other persons to at
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Delegation
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- no your state practice act rules - identify skills of person delegate to - use five rights of delegation
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Delegation process
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What are the five rights of delegation
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Right task Right circumstances Right person Right communication Right supervision
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Is the practice of applying moral philosophy in order to conclude what should be done in a given situation
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Ethics
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Unwritten standards, ideals, or concept that give meaning to a persons life. Commonly derived from social norms, religion, and family traditions.
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Values
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Referred more specifically to our personal values, the standards set by her own conscience, and our personal choices of what we consider good or bad, right or wrong
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Morals or morality
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Ethical practices and values applied to human life
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Bioethics
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The nurse is guided by the law in standards set forth by the profession. A professional code of ethics provides a framework. In addition to practicing within the law, nurses have an ethical obligation related to the law.
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Ethical obligations
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Develop a code of ethics for the LPN/LVN
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National Association for practical nurse education and service (NANPNES)
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One's values. Morality, or conscience. Defines who we are
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Virtues
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List for seven virtues
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Fidelity, veracity, integrity, compassion, discernment, trustworthiness, respectfulness
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The obligation to be faithful to commitments made to self and others
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Fidelity
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Is the virtue of truthfulness
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Veracity
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Doing no harm
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Nonmaleficence
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A holocaust oh, unwavering moral sense of self
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Integrity
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Caring is a central virtue in nursing showing empathy and connect it to the ability of the nearest identified with the person suffering pain or disability.
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Compassion
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Practical wisdom or common sense
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Discernment
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Inspire confidence in the patients that we care for him. The need to be considered trustworthy in order to have a true partnership with our patients
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Trustworthiness
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Displays an attitude toward the patient that conveys values for the patient and the patient's feelings.
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Respectfulness
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Represent ways to think about what we are old or what we deserve. Basic rights that can be translated into goods and services.
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Rights
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Derived from moral theory and have two purposes the first is to provide a framework for society's moral conduct the second is to help us take consistent positions and approaches to moral dilemmas.
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Principles
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The right of self determination, independence and freedom found it on the notion that humans have value, worth, and moral dignity
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Autonomy
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The principle of considering an offer in treatment and care options that are likely to provide benefit to the patient
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Beneficence
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Based on the principle of fairness and equality
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Justice
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Concepts that are more complete than principles for ethical dilemmas
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Ethical theories
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Name the two types of ethical theories
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Utilitarianism and Dentology
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Terry is grounded in the premise that actions are right or wrong based purely on their consequences and, therefore, outcomes are the most important elements to consider when making decisions.
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Utilitarian
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A philosophical theory requiring human actions and attitude to be based on duty and the moral worth of an action (the result) should not be judge only in the terms of its consequences.
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Deontology
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Include The many religious traditions represented in our culture.
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Theological perspectives
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What are the steps of ethical decisions
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1. identify the ethical dilemma 2. identify the stakeholders in their values 3. gather and verify the information 4. examine possible actions and the consequences of each action 5. determine the ethical foundation for each step 6. Determine the best action with the strongest ethical support 7. Implement action 8. Evaluate the outcome
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State nurse practice laws and the attendant nursing regulations establish the parameters with in which nurses must practice team and maintain state license
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Administrative law
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Refers to the level of responsibility that society places on individuals for their action
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Liability
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Establish the rules of social behavior and define the punishment for breaking those rules, which can represent imprisonment or monetary fine
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criminal law
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A notice to the pendants that they are being sued, is attached to the complaint
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Summons
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Lawsuits involving civil wrong
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Torts
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May be the fine as a breach of duty that arises out of the relationship between patient and healthcare work
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Malpractice
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And unintentional tort is known as
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Negligence
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List the intentional tort
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Assault, battery, defamation, Folsom president, outrage, invasion of privacy and wrongful disclosure of confidential information
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Rules by which individuals need to protect personal property rights
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Civil law
