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5 mL/cc

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1 teaspoon

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15 mL/cc

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1 tablespoon

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30 mL/ cc

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1 ounce

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1 pound (body weight)

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16 oz

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pounds/2.2

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pounds to kilogram

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...

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In pediatrics you need to carry out to the hundredths (do not round especially in the infant or small child

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1st: need to convert 5 ounces to a fraction of a pound 5 divided by 16=0.31 2nd: 20.31 pounds divided by 2.2=9.23 kg Note: medication would be calculated based on 9.23 kilograms DO NOT ROUND TO 9.2

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convert :20 pounds 5 ounces to kilogram

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Mg / Kg dosing based on Weight (Kg) Safe dosing ranges IV pediatric infusion rates IV administration of meds via IV pump or Syringe pump. 24 hour fluid calculation

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Pediatric specific Calculations

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84 lb = X Kg 84 divided by 2.2 = 39.18 kg

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if a child weight 84 lbs, what is the weight in Kg?

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6 ounces/ 16 ounces= .375----->>.37 6.37 pounds divided by 2.2=2.89 Kg

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if a child weights 6 lbs 6 ounces what is the weight in Kg?

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within the safe range as listed in a Drug Handbook, PDR or other reliable drug reference.

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For a dosage of medication to be safe, it must fall

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is based on mg/Kg body weight.

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the dose of most pediatrics drugs___________

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in NICU, ICU and high acuity areas such as oncology.

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Body Surface Area (BSA) in meters square method of calculations may be seen____________

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mg/ Kg will be used

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For testing purposed only

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Step1: Calculate daily dose ordered (Physician orders) Step2: Calculate the low and high parameters of safe range based on patient weight Step3: Compare the patient's daily dose to the safe range to see if it falls within the safe zone

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Safe Medication Dose

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Patient weight in Kg= 16.36 Kg davis drug guide: PO (children) <40 Kg: 6.7 to 13.3 mg/ kg q 8 hours. ---(Low range) 16.36 * 6.7 =109.6 mg q 8hours. ---(high range) 16.36 * 13.3=217.5 mg q 8 hours Safe range: 109.6 to 217.5 mg of Amoxicillin Q 8 hours. The dose is safe

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A child, 2 years and weighing 36 lbs, is receiving Amoxicillin 215 mg by mouth three times a day for a bilateral otitis media (ear infection).

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Suspension comes 250 mg per 5 ml. ----250mg/ 5 mL = 215mg/ X ml ----1075/250x ----Give 4.3 mL po every 8 hours

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Physician order Amoxicillin 215 mg every 8 hours

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which would be 30 mg per Kg per doses every 8 hours.

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30mg/kg/dose and may be give q 8 hours

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Children can get into fluid overload very quickly with dire consequences

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Crucial in the pediatric population

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on a fluid control pump or fluid buretrol.

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Units often have policies that children under a certain age are

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---fluid Overload must be avoided ---Time over which a medication should be administered is critical info ---Minimal dilution (end concentration of medication) is important for medications such as aminoglycosides ---Collecting therapeutic blood levels

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Key concepts

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Know what the IV rate is. Pediatric units usually have hourly recording of IV fluid intake. Don't try and catch up on fluids

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Fluid Overload

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Fluid needs should be calculated on every patient to assure that the infant / child is receiving the correct amount of fluids. Standard formula for pediatrics needs to be memorized

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Daily FluidNeeds

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The maintenance dose for administration of IV fluids kg is based on the following formula: 100 ml of fluid for the 1st 10 Kg of weight 50 ml of fluid for the 2nd 10 Kg of weight 20 ml of fluid for and additional Kg

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IV fluid calculations

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1st: Convert to kg 16/2.2= 7.27 Kg 2nd: using IV fluid calculation 100 mL * 7.27 Kg= 727 mL (you only use the 100 mL because the weight is less than 10kg) As a result, 727 mL/24 hrs or 30 mL per hour.

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fluid calculations:::::::::Jose weight 16lb

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1st convert to kg 64/2.2 =29.09 Fluid calculations: 100 mL x 10 kg = 1000 mL 50 ml x 10 kg = 500 mL 20 ml x 9.09 kg = 181 mL totals= 1681 mL / 24 hours or 70 mL / hour

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60 lb child

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You cannot administer a fraction of mL. In child 1 the calculated hourly rate of 29.7 would be rounded to 30 mL/hour. in child 2 the calculated hourly rate of 70.04 would be rounded to 70 mL / hour.

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Fluid calculation can be rounded

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1 1/2 time maintenance would be 713* 1 1/2 1069 mL/24 hrs or 45 mL/ hour

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maintenance fluid needs are 713mL/24

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1 1/2 times maintenance would be 1681 * 1 1/2 = 2522 mL/ 24 hrs or 105 mL/ hr

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in child 2 maintenance fluid needs are 1681 mL/24 hrs

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Step1: convert lb to Kg. Step2:Determine the safe range in mg/kg per guidelines in drug book. Step3: Decide wether the dose is safe by comparing the order with safe dose range. Step4: Calculate the dose needed step5: Check reference for diluent and duration for administration.

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Parenteral Pediatric Medication

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Convert lb t kg: 44 kg= 20 kg Determine safe dose: 20 kg* 0.25 mg= 5 mg 5 mg is safe meets mg/kg rule and does not Exceed 40 mg/day 5 mg bid= total of 10 mg/day

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child: 5 years: weight 44 lbs order: famotidine (pepcid) 5 mg IV bid Drug guide: 0.25 mg/Kg q 12 hr IV up to 40mg/day.

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10 mg/1mL= 5 mg/ X mL 5/10x = 0.5 mL of Pepcid

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calculate dose pepcid is provided as 10 mg/ml

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YOU MUST DO THIS WITH EACH IV MEDICATION

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The Physician order will never say to flush The line

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