Nursing Theory B – Nightingale – Flashcards
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Background of Flo?
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English, upper middle class, well educated, multi-lingual, mathematical genius
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What was Nightingale's Theory?
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Environmental Adaptation Theory of Nursing Practice
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Social issues of Victorias age?
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transportation health care
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Where did Flo grow up and receive education?
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Embly Park in Hampshire
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Who is Sairy Gamp?
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A character in Charles Dickens' Martin Chuzzlewit Characteristics: Poor Illiterate Widowed Nurse
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What was the Crimean War?
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War between Russia and the Ottoman Empire Control of the Bosphorus waterway Virtually the entire war fought in the Crimea
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Flo's Philosophical Assumptions?
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-There exists natural laws that help to bring social order -Humankind can achieve perfection -Nursing is a 'calling' -Nursing is an art and a science -Nursing requires a specific educational base -Nursing is distinct and separate from medicine.
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Additional Accomplishments of Flo?
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-Nurse visiting (public health nursing) -Nursing in the military -100+ books and publications 1852-1903 -Public health standards for India and the military -Nightingale School of Nursing at St. Thomas' Hospital, London - 1860
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Explain the Metaparadigm - Environment for Flo
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The Context of Care -Her views on the environment provided bass for nursing theory -Environment is the 'umbrella concept' - that which is the most broad and gives general direction to practice -The environment could be altered in such a manner as to improve conditions to allow patient healing -The environment is BOTH internal and external to the patient
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Explain the Metaparadigm - Person for Flo
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The Recipient of Care -Saw 'patients' as primarily individuals or families -Holistic in her perception of people -Each person displays individual needs which should be determined by the nurse and individual jointly
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Nightingale's Holistic man?
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Man in the center surrounded by Biological, Social, Psychological all surrounded by Spiritual
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Explain The Metaparadigm - Health for Flo
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the goal of nursing -'not only to be well, but to be able to use every power we have' -Nightingale, 1860 -Disease seen as 'dys-ease' -Defined as a 'reparative process' -Breaking 'natural laws' would cause disease
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The Six 'D's' of Disease - The Common ways to break natural laws
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Dirt Drink Diet Damp Draughts (Drafts) Drains
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Explain The Metaparadigm - Nursing for flo
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The mode of providing care -Goal is health by caring through manipulation of the environment -Identified nursing as: General Nursing - that which 'any woman' can accomplish Nursing proper - techniques and decision making for the educated nurse
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What was "Notes on Nursing"? - 1860
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-Written for women giving care to other family members 1860 -Directed how to improve the environment -13 chapters (canons) which addressed the physical, psychological and nutritional environments as well as nursing care and planning.
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Hierarchy of Needs as addressed by Nightingale
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1. The 13 Cannons 2. Functions of Nursing Proper 3. Place of women in society
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Nightingale model of nursing
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see notes
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Evaluation of the Model?
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-Interrelationship of concepts - must provide a unique way of viewing the phenomena -Clarity - internally and externally consistent -Simplicity - Balance between being comprehensive and abstract -Generality - How broadly can it be applied? -Empirical Precision - Is it testable? -Derivable Consequences - Importance of the theory -Practicality - Is it usable?
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Examples of Application of the ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTATION THEORY OF NURSING PRACTiCE ?
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-Solving the superbug problem -Supporting a mother in labor -Patients experiencing chemotherapy -Solving the issue of world health!
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Nightingale's Enduring Contributions?
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-Nursing is viewed as having intrinsic professional power. -Major characteristic of profession with emphasis on education, profession oriented research and empirical clinical outcomes (EBP!) -Provides the basic foundational philosophy for nursing practice in all settings and throughout time.
