Foundations Prep U questions – Flashcards
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Which of the following Standards of Professional Performance, as defined by the ANA, has the nurse considering factors related to safety, effectiveness, cost, and the impact on practice in the planning and delivery of nursing services?
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Resource Utilization -Resource utilization has the nurse considering factors related to safety, effectiveness, cost, and the impact on practice in the planning and delivery of nursing services. Leadership involves the nurse providing leadership in the profession and professional practice setting. Practice evaluation involves the nurse evaluating one's own practice in relation to professional practice standards and guidelines, relevant statutes, and rules and regulations. Evidence-based Practice and Research involves the systematic collection and application of data.
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Which nursing action best exemplifies the nurse's role in promoting health?
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Encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity.
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What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War?
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Lack of educational standards
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A registered nurse wishes to work as a nurse researcher. Which is true regarding nurse researchers?
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They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing.
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The need for university-based nursing education programs was brought to light during which important historical time?
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World War II
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A student nurse understands that the primary aim of the Healthy People 2020 initiatives is?
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health promotion.
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The nurse is evaluating client health. Which of the following clients should the nurse determine to be exhibiting the most signs of health?
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A client with a leg amputation that performs activities of daily living with a prothesis
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Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for a new mother that calls the nursery for help with breastfeeding?
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Refer the mother for a home care visit.
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The nurse working with an LPN understands which of the following about LPNs?
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They must take a licensure exam. -Schools for practical nursing programs are located in varied settings. Most programs are 1 year in length. Upon completion of the program, graduates can take the National Council Licensure Examination-Practical Nursing (NCLEX-PN) for licensure as an LPN. LPNs work under the direction of a physician or RN to give direct care to clients, focusing on meeting health care needs in hospitals, nursing homes, and home health agencies.
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The nurse is discussing entry level for professional nursing practices. Which is the most accurate statement by the nurse?
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"BSN is the recommended entry level by national nursing organization."
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The nurse is using the nursing process to care for a client and is in the process of making a nursing diagnosis for the client. Which of the following best reflects a nursing diagnosis?
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Risk for falls
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Which of the following is the best example of a nurse attending an inservice program?
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Attending a hospital program on how to use a new IV pump -Inservice education are programs designed by hospitals and other healthcare agencies to provide education and training for their employees, such as a program on how to use a new IV pump. Continuing education programs, conferences, and online classes furthering one's education are not considered inservice programs.
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The diploma nurse is considering obtaining a baccalaureate degree. Which degree should the nurse investigate?
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RN to BSN
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Which of the following is the best example of client-centered approach to care?
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The nurse asks the client about his health goals.
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A nurse manager is teaching staff how to use a new piece of hospital equipment. Which educational setting would be most appropriate for this process?
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In-service education -In-service education is designed to increase the knowledge and skills of the nursing staff. Education about a new piece of hospital equipment would fall into this category. Continuing education is educational experiences designed to enrich the nurse's contribution to health. Many state nursing organizations require continuing education hours to maintain licensure. Undergraduate studies are the educational programs for pre-licensure in the field of nursing. For the nurse, this could be a diploma, associate degree, or baccalaureate in nursing. Graduate education would include the educational programs for the advanced practice nurse. This could be master's degree or doctoral preparation.
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A nurse identifies a patient's health care needs and devises a plan of care to meet those needs. Which guideline is being followed in this case?
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Nursing process
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The nurse pursued a degree in nursing by attending a junior college for 2 years and successfully took the NCLEX-RN upon completion. Since getting his degree, the nurse has worked in an inpatient setting on a transplant floor for 17 years. Based on the information given, which degree does this nurse have?
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Associate degree
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The charge nurse is assigning client care for the upcoming shift. Which is the priority evaluation when performing this task?
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Determine the level and intensity of client care needed according to physical and psychosocial factors.
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The nurse is providing care to several clients. For which client should the nurse include secondary care in the nursing plan of care?
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a middle-age client who presents with new onset angina -A middle-age client who presents with new onset angina will require a referral to a cardiologist and will probably need additional testing. Secondary care occurs when the primary caregivers refer clients for consultation and additional testing, such as with the referral of a client to a cardiac catheterization laboratory. The remainder of the clients require only primary care.
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Which client requires priority intervention when providing care on a medical-surgical unit?
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a postsurgical client who is feeling dizzy with a heart rate of 45/bpm -According to Maslow, the first-level physiologic needs are the most important. They are the activities necessary to sustain life, such as breathing, circulation, and eating. Using Maslow and ABCs to help prioritize care of clients, the nurse needs to see the client experiencing acute problems with circulation and a heart rate of 45/bpm. All other client problems are not the priority at this time.
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A client admitted to the telemetry floor informs the nurse that he has an advance directive and does not wish to be resuscitated if his heart stops beating. The client takes a copy of the advance directive from his wallet and hands it to the nurse. The nurse documents on the electronic chart that the client has an advance directive, makes a copy of the advance directive, and immediately informs the client's physician. In this situation, what is the nursing role demonstrated by the nurse?
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Advocate
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In what time period did nursing care as we now know it begin?
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18th to 19th century
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During the Reformation, what factor influenced the decline of nursing?
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Women's subordination to men -Women were viewed as subordinate to men and were expected to remain at home caring for children; this decreased the number of qualified women practicing nursing.
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The nurse is describing the role of the nurse entrepreneur. Which of the following statements best describe this role?
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A nurse who manages a health-related business -The nurse entrepreneur usually has an advanced degree and manages a clinic or health-related business, conducts research, provides education, or serves as an adviser or consultant to institutions, political agencies, or businesses.
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The nurse is attempting to provide anticipatory guidance for the parents of an eighteen-month-old boy. Which of the following would be the best statement for the nurse to make?
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"Keep all medications in a locked cabinet."
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What might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his/her nursing license?
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Obtain continuing education credits. -In many states, continuing education is required for an RN to maintain licensure. These are defined as professional development experiences designed to enrich the nurse's contribution to health. Obtainment of an ongoing degree is not necessary to maintain licensure. While hospital in-services may provide continuing education, not all in-services are designed to do so.
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Florence Nightingale introduced the concept of apprenticeship for nurses. Which of the following statements is an example of this?
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Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor
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The nurse caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell their children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing?
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Art of nursing -In this example, the nurse is utilizing a holistic approach to the provision of nursing care based on the knowledge of providing psychosocial interventions, such as allowing the client to verbalize feelings/fears. This application of knowledge is the art of nursing. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for the provision of care. Evidence-based practice and application of research are using research to make decisions on how to care for clients.
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Attracting minorities to the profession of nursing is an important consideration for the future of nursing. Which of the following key historical nursing figures set a precedent in this area?
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Mary Elizabeth Mahoney
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Which of the following is the best example of the nursing acting as an advocate?
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Writing legislator for insurance coverage for screening colonoscopies -The best example of the nurse acting as an advocate is writing legislator for insurance coverage for screening colonoscopies. When acting as an advocate, the nurse attempts to secure care for all clients. By ensuring insurance coverage for this screening test, the nurse is securing care to clients who otherwise would not be able to afford the screening test. Communicating test results to a physician is an example of communication, and testing products is an example of the role of researcher. By leading implementation of electronic medical records, the nurse is acting as a leader.
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Which of the following are the best examples of the role of the nurse as a communicator? Select all that apply.
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-Calling a physician about a client's blood pressure -Telling a client their blood pressure -Informing the physical therapist that client's therapy was discontinued
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Which of the following actions should the nurse implement when working with a medically homeless client?
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-Encourage client to utilize the free healthcare clinic.
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The RN is working with hospital administration to transform care at their facility. Which of the following nursing competencies will be critical for the nurse to utilize?
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Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams.
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A nurse wishes to pursue a degree as a nurse practitioner. What is the minimal degree needed by the nurse?
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Masters
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Which of the following is the best example of a nurse in the role of counselor?
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A nurse allowing a crying client to verbalize their fears of death
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A nurse educator is discussing the role of nursing based on the American Nurses Association (ANA). Which statement best describes this role?
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It is the role of nursing to provide a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing.
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Which description depicts the role of the nurse practitioner?
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functions independently, is skilled at doing nursing assessments, performing physical examinations, counseling, teaching, and treating health problems.
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Oxygen, food, water, and rest are all examples of what type of human need as described by Maslow?
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Physiologic
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Which explanation differentiates the Registered Nurse (RN) from the Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)?
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The LPN should work under the supervision of an RN.
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A nurse is evaluating clients in an outpatient clinic. Which client requires the nurse to include a secondary illness in the plan care?
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client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) now had symptoms of right side heart failure -A secondary illness is a disorder that develops from a preexisting condition. The client with COPD already has a pulmonary disease as a primary illness. If heart failure occurs as a consequence of damaged lung tissue, it is considered a secondary problem. All of the other clients are experiencing symptoms associated with primary problems or acute problems.
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Trends in managed care have resulted in an increased focus on the care of clients by nurses in which settings?
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Community-based settings -Health care is increasingly provided in community-based settings such as clinics, outpatient settings, and homes. The impetus for this change has largely been the implementation of a system of managed care to control and monitor health care services to minimize costs.
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Why are nursing organizations important for the continued development and improvement of nursing as a whole?
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to set standards for nursing education and practice
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What is the primary purpose of standards of nursing practice?
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to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive nursing care
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The registered nurse communicates with the physical therapist that a client is now on strict bed rest due to bradycardia. Which statement best explains the standard exemplified by the nurse?
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The RN coordinates care delivery.
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What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease?
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Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss
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A BSN nurse is discussing the benefits of a BSN to high school students. Which of the following is the best statement by the nurse?
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"Many nursing management jobs require a BSN."
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Which action by the nurse best represents the evaluative portion of the nursing process?
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assessing a client's blood pressure after teaching stress reduction techniques -The nursing process consists of assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating. Assessing the client's blood pressure after the nurse implements stress reduction techniques is an example of evaluation.
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During the course of any given day of work in the acute care setting, the nurse may need to perform which of the following roles? Select all that apply.
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Communicator Counselor Teacher -The roles and functions of the nurse are many and include: caregiver, communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, and advocate. Acting as financier and statistician are not the roles of the nurse.
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Then nurse is providing flu shots to the elderly at a nurse managed wellness center. This is an example of which following aims of nursing?
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Preventing illness
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A nurse is providing care for clients in a long-term care facility. Based on the definitions of nursing in the textbook, what should be the central focus of this care?
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the client receiving the care -The client receiving the care is always the central focus of the nursing care provided. The central focus is not the nurse, the nursing actions, or nursing as a profession.
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A nurse educator is educating students on the criteria that define nursing as a profession. Which nursing actions are based on these criteria? Select all that apply.
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A nurse accesses a well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge to plan nursing care for clients. A nurse follows an established code of ethics when performing actions for clients who are in hospice. A nurse is committed to using ongoing research when planning nursing care for clients. A nurse independently chooses nursing interventions for a client and uses self-regulation to ensure they are performed properly.
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A client has cancer, but the significant other does not want the client to know the diagnosis. The nurse is upset and believes the client has the right to know. As the nurse thinks about the significant other's viewpoint, the nurse starts to reason from that perspective. What kind of behavior is the nurse exhibiting?
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sympathy
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The nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action exemplifies this theory by the nurse?
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assisting the client to the bedside commode -The Basic Needs theory subscribes to the concept that a nurse assists in performing activities that the client would perform if the client could. Therefore, assisting the client to the bedside commode is an example of an action that supports the Basic Needs theory. The other actions do not support this theory.
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The nurse is caring for a client who had a recent diagnosis of diabetes. Which action demonstrates that the nurse is utilizing the Basic Needs theory?
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providing foot care for the client -Believing that the setting in which a person learns has an effect on patterns for living things is part of Virginia Henderson's Basic Needs theory, as evidenced by the nurse providing foot care. The other actions support different nursing theories.
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The nurse studies Dorthea Dix, an individual who organized women volunteers to care for the Civil War troops. For which other healthcare reforms is this individual credited? (Select all that apply.)
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improved health care for the mentally ill improved health care for the blind improved health care for the deaf improved health care for the homeless -Dorthea Dix also helped to improved health care for the mentally ill by proposing a bill that established asylums for the indigent insane. She also helped to improved health care for the deaf, blind, and homeless. Dorthea Dix is not known to have helped improve health care for women.
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Nursing students are discussing the American Nursing Association (ANA) Nursing's Social Policy Statement. Which actions made by the nurse demonstrate proper understanding of the ANA Nursing's Social Policy Statement? (Select all that apply.)
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caring for clients and their families developing interventions based on client-desired outcomes monitoring client responses to interventions coordinating client care -The ANA Nursing's Social Policy Statement contains information about caring for clients and their families, developing interventions based on client-desired outcomes, monitoring client responses to interventions, and coordinating client care. Staying accountable to the profession and humanity is not a part of the ANA Nursing's Social Policy Statement.
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The nurse is caring for a client who cannot meet health needs independently. Which action made by the nurse depicts concern and attachment?
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Asking the client, "How are you today? I am really worried about you."
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The nurse is providing care to an older adult client approaching discharge following a surgical procedure to repair a fractured hip. The client requires continued skilled nursing care and physical therapy to improve mobility. When planning care for this client, which prescription should the nurse anticipate?
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transfer to an extended care facility -The nurse should anticipate that this client will be transferred to an extended care facility, which meets the health needs of clients who no longer require acute hospital care, but require rehabilitation and skilled nursing care. This client does not meet the requirements for home health care, hospice care, or an intermediate care facility.
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A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?
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coronary artery disease
