Quiz 7 Psych& 100 – Flashcards
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When Carla was discussing the party with one of her friends, she was trying to remember a conversation she'd had. Carla was trying to access her:
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episodic memory
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Autobiographical memory forms the core of an individual's:
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personal identity
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If old experiences disrupt recall of new experiences, this is referred to as:
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proactive interference.
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Participants were given a word list with the following words: table, restaurant, food, silverware, plate, service, and waiter. Later, when asked to recall the words, many participants accidentally included the word dinner, even though it was not on the list. This phenomena is referred to as:
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Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) effect
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Bryan is chatting with a friend and tells the friend that the capital of China is Beijing, but in the past had been called Peking. His friend remarks that this is fascinating, and asks when Bryan learned that. Bryan thinks for a moment and then says, "I don't really know." The information about Beijing/Peking was likely retrieved from Bryan's:
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semantic memory
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Our experiences that directly impact our brain though neural processes are referred to as:
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memory traces/engrams
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Which principle describes when an unusual event, typically in the context of similar events, will be recalled and recognized better than uniform events?
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distinctiveness
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Which of the following describes a situation where a person goes beyond available evidence to form a conclusion that is likely to be true? For example, Romeo might infer from his smart older sister that when she said, "I finished the test" that meant that she passed the test.
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making a pragmatic inference
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At your old apartment, you had to take out the trash every Friday. However, at your new apartment, the trash comes on Wednesdays. Now, you can never seem to remember to take the trash out in time (you keep thinking it needs to be taken out on Friday). This is an example of what type of forgetting?
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proactive interference
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Andre grew up in New Orleans and was present when Hurricane Katrina occurred. His family, his community, and Andre share a ________ memory of this event.
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collective
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Dr. Loftus has used a false feedback manipulation to persuade subjects to falsely remember having a variety of childhood experiences. Which of the following best describes this experimental technique?
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Participants are deceived to believe a computer system has analyzed questionnaires they previously completed and concluded they had particular experiences years earlier.
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The failure to retrieve a word from memory, combined with partial recall and the feeling that retrieval is imminent is known by psychologists as the _____________ effect.
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tip-of-the-tongue
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Judge Martinez is presiding over a murder trial, and is getting ready to explain to the jury what their role will be as they hear the case. If he wants to reduce the problems associated with memory and the legal system, which of the following should he do based on recommendations offer in the text?
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Give the jury proper education about eyewitness memory and testimony.
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A(n) __________ is a memory template that is formed through repeated exposure to a particular class of objects or events.
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schema
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In a 1978 study by Loftus, Miller, & Burns, participants were asked what they saw during a slideshow depicting which of the following events?
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a car driving and hitting a pedestrian
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What does the equipotentiality hypothesis suggest would happen if the hippocampus was damaged?
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another part of the brain would compensate for the damage by taking over the memory function normally managed by the hippocampus
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What is the main idea of levels of processing theory?
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If you want to remember a piece of information, you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful.
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________ encoding is the encoding of sounds.
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acoustic
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Lisa puts five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. However, when asked, Lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. This may be an example of ________, because Lisa never paid attention to the picture in the first place.
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encoding failure
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What did Lashley develop by purposely damaging the brains of rats that had learned a task and then testing those rats to see if the brain damage impaired their ability to complete that same task?
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equipotentiality hypothesis