Intro to Statistics MCCC Ch. 2 – Flashcards

After constructing a relative frequency distribution summarizing IQ scores of college students, what should be the sum of the relative frequencies?

Among fatal plane crashes that occurred during the past 70 years, 269 were due to pilot error, 54 were due to other human error, 665 were due to weather, 85 were due to mechanical problems, and 479 were due to sabotage. Construct the relative frequency distribution. What is the most serious threat to aviation safety, and can anything be done about it? What is the relative frequency for pilot error, other human error, weather, mechanical problems, and sabotage? Round to one decimal point. What is the most serious threat to aviation safety, and can anything be done about it?

Which characteristic of data is a measure of the amount that the data values vary? a. variation b. distribution c. time d. center

- are sample values that lie very far away from the majority of the other sample values.

A -- helps us understand the nature of the distribution of a data set.

Class width is found by -------.

In a -- distribution, the frequency of a class is replaced with a proportion or percent.

The population of ages at inauguration of all U.S. Presidents who had professions in the military is 62, 46, 68, 64, 57. Why does it not make sense to construct a histogram for this data set?

Listed below are blood groups of O, A, B, and AB of randomly selected blood donors. Construct the relative frequency distribution. A O O O O A A O A O O A A O O AB O A B A AB O A O B O O AB A A AB A O A B O AB O O O Find the relative frequency for O, A, B, AB

Use the given qualitative data to construct the relative frequency distribution. The 2445 people aboard a ship that sank include 325 male survivors, 1661 males who died, 322 female survivors, and 137 who died. Find the relative frequency for male survivors, males who died, female survivors, and females who died.

The data represents the body mass index (BMI) values for 20 females. Construct a frequency distribution beginning with a lower class limit of 15.0 and use a class width of 6.0. Does the frequency distribution appear to be roughly a normal distribution? 17.7 33.5 26.9 22.5 24.9 28.9 22.8 18.3 27.8 22.6 19.2 22.4 21.2 37.7 40.4 27.7 44.9 30.3 29.1 21.7 Find the frequency for body mass indexes between: 15.0-20.9 21.0-26.9 27.0-32.9 33.0-38.9 39.0-44.9 Does the frequency distribution appear to be roughly a normal distribution?

The data represents the daily rainfall (in inches) for one month. Construct a frequency distribution beginning with a lower class limit of 0.00 and use a class width of 0.20. Does the frequency distribution appear to be roughly a normal distribution? 0.39 0 0 0.28 0 0.56 0 0.18 0 0 1.36 0 0.16 0 0.01 0 0.16 0 0.11 0.42 0 0.01 0 0.27 0 0.11 0 0 0.15 0 Find the frequencies for daily rainfall in ranges: 0.00-0.19 0.20-0.39 0.40-0.59 0.60-0.79 0.80-0.99 1.00-1.19 1.20-1.39 Does the frequency distribution appear to be roughly a normal distribution?

Look at #11 at the charts and answer the question: Does the result appear to have a normal distribution? Why or why not?

Look at #10 charts and answer the two questions: Based on the distribution, do the weights appear to be reported or actually measured? What can be said about the accuracy of the results?

Look at #7 charts and answer the question: Do cigarette filters appear to be effective?

Look at #6 chart and answer the question: Does the frequency distribution appear to have a normal distribution? Explain.

Look at #5 chart and answer the question: Does the frequency distribution appear to have a normal distribution?

Look at #4 chart and answer the questions: What is the class width? What are the class midpoints? What are the class boundaries?

Look at #3 chart and answer the questions: What is the class width? What are the class midpoints? What are the class boundaries?

Look at #2 chart and answer the questions: What is the class width? What are the class midpoints? What are the class boundaries?

Look at #23 chart and answer the question: The histogram represents - debate team members.

Look at #24 chart and answer the questions: What is the class width? What are the approximate lower and upper class limits of the first class?

Look at #25 chart and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Are the data reported or measured?

Look at #26 chart and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Do the data appear to have a distribution that is approximately normal?

Look at #27 chart and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Does the histogram appear to depict data that have a normal distribution?

Look at #28 chart and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Does the histogram appear to depict data that have a normal distribution?

Look at #29 chart and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Do the data appear to have a distribution that is approximately normal?

Look at #30 charts and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Does the histogram appear to depict data that have a normal distribution?

Look at #31 chart and answer the questions: Construct a histogram on the calculator. Which part of the histogram depicts flights that arrived early, and which part depicts flights that arrived late?

The heights of the bars of a histogram correspond to - values.

The bars in a histogram -.

A histogram aids in analyzing the - of the data.

A -- histogram has the same shape and horizontal scale as a histogram but the vertical scale is marked with relative frequencies instead of actual frequencies.

A(n) - distribution has a "bell" shape.

A bar chart and a Pareto chart both use bars to show frequencies of categories of categorical data. What characteristic distinguishes a Pareto chart from a bar chart, and how does that characteristic help us in understanding the data?

Look at #38 chart and question and answer the questions: Construct a scatterplot on the calculator. Does there appear to be a correlation between the president's height and his opponent's height?

Look at #39 chart and answer the questions? Construct a scatterplot on the calculator. Is there a relationship between cigarette tar and CO?

Look at #40 and answer the questions: Construct a time-series graph (line graph) on the calculator. What is the trend? How does this trend compare to the trend for drive-in movie theaters?

Look at the #41 charts and answer the questions: Does the configuration of the points appear to suggest that the volumes are from a population with a normal distribution? Are there any outliers?

Look at the #42 charts and answer the questions: Is there strong evidence suggesting that the data are not from a population having a normal distribution?

Look at the #43 charts and answer the question: Which graph is more effective in showing the relative importance of the causes of work-related deaths?

Look at the #44 charts and answer the questions: If someone would like to get a job, what seems to be the most effective approach?

Look at the #45 charts and answer the questions: Compare the pie chart found above to the Pareto chart given on the left. Can you determine which graph is more effective in showing the relative importance of job sources?

Look at the #46 charts and answer the questions: Applying a loose interpretation of the requirements for a normal distribution, does the data appear to be normally distributed? Why or why not?

Look at #47 charts and answer the question: Applying a strict interpretation of the requirements for a normal distribution, do the depths appear to be normally distributed? Why or why not?

Look at #48 chart and answer the questions: What impression does the graph create? Does the graph depict the data fairly?

Look at #49 chart and answer the question: Does the graph distort the data? Why or why not?

Look at #50 chart and answer the questions: In what way might the graph be deceptive? How much greater is the braking distance of Car A than the braking distance of Car C?

Look at #51 chart and answer the questions: Compare the results.

A(n) -- uses line segments to connect points located directly above class midpoint values.

A - is a graph of each data value plotted as a point.

We utilize statistical - to look for the features that reveal some useful or interesting characteristics of the data set.

A - is a plot of paired data (x,y) and is helpful in determining whether there is a relationship between the two variables.

Which of the following is NOT true about statistical graphs? a. They utilize areas or volumes for data that are one-dimensional in nature. b. Similar graphs can be constructed in order to compare data sets. c. They can be used to identify extreme data values. d. They can be used to consider the overall shape of the distribution.

In a graph, if one or both axes begin at some value other than zero, the differences are exaggerated. This bad graphing method is known as ---.

When drawings of objects are used to depict data, false impressions can be made. These drawings are called -.

Which of the following is a common distortion that occurs in graphs? a. Using bars to represent the frequency of data values. b. Using points above the class midpoints at the heights of the class frequencies. c. Labeling both axes d. Using a two-dimensional object to represent data that are one-dimensional in nature.

Why is it important to learn about bad graphs?