Psych 41 Chapter 4 – Flashcards

Which best describes proper linguistic turn-taking behavior? A. Attempt to alternate as speaker and listener. B. Only speak when spoken to. C. The more you know, the longer it is proper to speak. D. Try to nod approvingly when another person is taking a turn speaking.

Between early and later childhood, schemes ten to have more _____________ properties. A. functional B. conceptual C. object-based D. abstract

The unique sounds that are combined to create spoken words are called A. morphemes. B. extensions. C. phonemes. D. grammatics.

According to Piaget, when a scheme is modified based on some experience, ________ has occurred. A. assimilation B. animism C. accommodation D. egocentrism

Salvador has a scheme for drawing with a crayon that had to be changed in order to learn how to paint a picture with a brush. This adaption is an example of A. animism B. egocentrism C. assimilation D. accommodation

Which speech sound it always a single vowel-like sound? A. Phoneme B. Babble C. Coo D. Morpheme

What can be done to improve the credibility of the testimony of a child? A. Question the child many times to make sure the child is convinced of the events B. Convince the child that the people asking her questions are are important people who are only trying to help her remember what happened C. Use questions that test a number of different explanations concerning the event D. There is no need to improve credibility, since the memories of children are actually less fragile than the memories of adults

How would a parent utilize guided participation to improve the math skills of her child? A. Encourage him / her to play a math-based computer game B. Buy him / her a a study guide on math C. Encourage him/her to find and solve math problems in everyday life (e.g.,the number of eggs in a carton) D. Have him / her play a series of math games with a more math-skilled sibling

Which is a legitimate criticism of Piaget's theory? A. Too much emphasis on unconscious thoughts B. Too much emphasis on children as "computing machines" (complete with software) C. Not enough emphasis on sociocultural influences D. Not enough emphasis o stages of development

Which is most likely to be the first word that a one-year old will utter? A. "Hot" B. "Papa" C. "Rattle" D. "Two"

Preschoolers who watch the television show Sesame Street have been shown to ______ in kindergarten that children who have not watched the show. A. be less social B. be more violent C. have larger vocabularies D. have less inner speech

The phrase "out of sight, out of mind" best exemplifies the Piagetian concept of A. tertiary circular reaction B. the one-to-one principle C. fast mapping D. object permanence

The best predictor of a large vocabulary in a young child is A. exposure to a high-quality language environment B. parental IQ level C. the quality of a child's motor skills D. preschool attendance

Applying rules to a word that is actually an exception to the rule constitutes A. fast-mapping. B. telegraphic speech. C. overregularization. D. cardinality.

Piaget described a scheme as a psychological structure that A. organizes experience B. is used in language but not thought C. we lose as we age D. is only found in those with a set of personal values

Infant Timmy has been babbling for several month. What is his next likely linguistic? A. Cooing B. Telegraphic C. First Word D. Intonation

Memory research suggests that A. at three months, infants start to successfully remember events that occurred several days before. B. infanst selfom forget past events over time. C. "reminders" do not enhance infant memory D. at six months, infants start to successfully remember events that occurred several days before.

Motherese is also know as ________ speech. A. private B. inner C. telegraphic D. infant-directed

A grammatical morpheme is a word ending that makes a word or word ending that makes a sentence grammatically A. correct B. overextended C. underextended D. overreularized

The _______ principle of counting states that there must be only one number name for each item counted. A. one - to - one B. stable order C. habituation D. cardinality