Chapter 13: Respiratory System – Flashcards
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lower than atmospheric air pressure
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What is the pressure in the lungs during inspiration?
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increase levels of carbon dioxide
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What causes acidosis?
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Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs-alveoli
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how does air travel through our bodies?
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Residual volume
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what is the term used for the volume of air that cannot be exhaled?
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Alveoli
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tiny sacs in the lungs surrounded by capillaries. Where oxygen diffuses from the lungs to the blood.
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diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
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what muscles are used to increase throacic volume?
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internal intercostal muscles
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what muscles contract to decreases thoracic volume and raise intrapulmonary pressure?
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Palate
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what separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
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Larynx
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What is the voice box?
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Epiglottis
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protects the superior opening of the larynx, routes food to the posteriorly situated esophagus and routes air towards the trachea.
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Trachea
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what is the windpipe
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squamous epithelial layers
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what lines the respiratory membrane?
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Inspiration
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diaphragm (moves inferiorly) and external intercostal muslces contract, thoracic cavity increases.
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Expiration
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decrease in intrapulmonary volume, increase gas pressure. no muscles
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Forced expiration
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contraction of internal intercostal muscles to depress rib cage.
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Inspiratory reserve volume
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What is larger, and it is the amount of air that can be taken in forcibly over the tidal volume.
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External respiration
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Oxygen is loaded into the blood.
*pumonary capillary blood gains oxygen, and CO2 is unloaded out of the blood.
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Hyperphnea
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what is the increased respiratory rate, often due to extra oxygen needs?
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Asthma
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inflammed hypersensitive bronchiole passages, respond to irriatants with dyspnea, coughing, wheezing.
