Psychology Final Exam 2 – Flashcards

Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus (such as a bell) comes to bring about a response after it is _____ that naturally brings about that response.

Which of the following is an unconditioned response?

A child's learned fear at the sight of a hypodermic needle is a(n)

Male Japanese quail became sexually aroused by a red light that was repeatedly associated with the presentation of a female quail. The sexual arousal triggered by the red light was a

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning is called a(n)

A partial schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses is a ____ schedule.

In classical conditioning, generalization refers to the tendency for the conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the

Receiving delicious food is to escaping electric shock as ___ is to ____.

The introduction of a pleasant stimulus is to ____ as the withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus is to ___.

In Pavlov's original experiment with dogs, the meat served as

A real estate agent showed Gavin several pictures of lakeshore property while they were eating a delicious, mouth watering meal. Later, when Gavin was given a tour of the property, he drooled with delight. For Gavin, the lakeshore property was a

In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise. In this fictional example, the loud noise is a (n)

You would be most likely to use operant conditioning to teach a dog to

Mason, a stockbroker, runs two miles everyday after work because it reduces his level of stress. Mason's running habit is maintained by a ___ reinforcer.

Which of the following is the result of learning?

Needsa Life wishes to condition his dog Tone Deaf to woof in response to the refrain of the song "Who Let the Dogs Out?" Prior to beginning the learning trials, the song would be considered a(n) _____ stimulus.

Alex was paid $100 for eight hours of work. The money was a(n)

To obtain a reward, a monkey learns to press a lever with a 1000 Hz tone is on but not when a 1200 Hz tone is on . What kind of training is this?

During extinction, the ____ is omitted; as a result, the __ seems to disappear

Extinction occurs when a ____ is no longer paired with a ___.

Before learning painfully that the sound of a buzzing bee signaled she was about to be stung, Sara felt no fear in response to the buzzing sound. At the time the sound of the buzzing bee was mostly clearly a(n)

Putting on your coat when it is cold outside is a behavior that is maintained by

Worthington schedules an exam every third week of the semester. A student taking his psychology class will probably study the most just before the exam. This is because the schedule of exams is reinforcing studying according to which schedule?

For operant conditioning to be most effective, when should the reinforcers be presented in relation to the desired response?

The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and with no further conditioning is called

Operant Conditioning

After learning to fear a white rat, Little Albert responded with fear to the sight of a rabbit. This best illustrates the process of

This is when the behavior is reinforced every time it occurs. Leaning takes place quickly.

In classical conditioning, the NS becomes a ___ after it reliably signals the impending occurrence of the ____.

In Pavlov's classical conditioning study, the neutral stimulus that was presented to the dog was:

In Pavlov's classical conditioning research, the automatic response was

Which of the following is a neutral stimulus for a reflexive startle response?

Primary reinforcers could be best described as

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a(n)

This is an event that decreases the probability of a response. It weakens a behavior because a negative condititon is introduced or experienced as a consequence of the behavior

In classical conditioning a stimulus is any event or situation that

The way slot machines reward gamblers with money best illustrates