Biology (Rem) Chapter 34 Study Guide – Flashcards

Look at figure 30-2. Filtered blood leaves the kidney and returns to circulation through the a. renal artery b. renal vein c. urinary bladder d. urethra

Which structure in Figure 30-2 removes excess water, urea, and metabolic waste from the blood? a. kidney b. renal vein c. urinary bladder d. ureter

The function of the excretory system is to control homeostasis and a. break down nutrients b. remove wastes c. absorb nutrients d. prevent infection

Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron? a. urethra b. Loop of Henle c. glomerulus d. Bowman's capsule

In the kidneys, both useful substances and wastes are removed from the blood by a. reabsorption b. excretion c. dialysis d. filtration

What role does skin play in the excretory system? a. secretes excess water as sweat b. protects against pathogens c. absorbs water through osmosis d. facilitates gas exchange

The activity of the kidneys is controlled by hormones and by the a. volume of nutrients b. volume of filtrate c. composition of the blood d. composition of the urine

Which structure in the kidneys' nephrons is mainly responsible for the filtration of the blood? a. collecting dust b. loop of Henle c. glomerulus d. Bowman's capsule

Which of these is a function of the circulatory system? a. removing wastes from tissues b. delivering carbon dioxide to cells for cellular respiration c. transferring impulses from one cell to another d. all of the above

Which are the components of the circulatory system? a. heart and lungs b. blood vessels, heart, and lungs c. blood, blood vessels, and heart d. heart and blood

Simple animals are able to supply their cells with nutrients through diffusion and active transport across cell membranes because a. they have complex circulatory systems b. their cells are in direct contact with the environment c. their cells are not in direct contact with the environment d. their blood transports oxygen and other materials through a series of blood vessels

Which body system is directly affected when a person has heart disease? a. circulatory system b. endocrine system c. reproductive system d. nervous system

During a heart attack, some of the cells in the thick layer of muscle in the heart walls die. This layer of muscle is called the a. epithelial tissue layer b. pericardium c. connective tissue layer d. myocardium

Which is the correct direction of blood flow? a. right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery b. right atrium -> left atrium -> pulmonary artery c. left ventricle -> pulmonary artery -> aorta d. left ventricle -> left atrium -> aorta

In the heart, the mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood is prevented by the a. mitral valve b. tricuspid valve c. septum d. pericardium

Compared with the walls of arteries, the walls of capillaries a. are thicker b. are thinner c. lack valves d. have more resistance

Through which path does blood typically flow through the circulatory system? a. arteries -> capillaries -> veins b. veins -> capillaries -> arteries c. arteries -> veins -> capillaries d. capillaries -> arteries -> veins

Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart? a. veins b. arteries c. capillaries d. lymph nodes

When an infection occurs, the number of a. red blood cells increases b. red blood cells decreases c. white blood cells increases d. white blood cells decreases

Which blood cells are most numerous in the body? a. red b. white c. platelets d. plasma

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood cells? a. fight infection b. regulate body temperature c. gather sensory information d. transport nutrients

Uncontrolled hyperextension can lead to a. heart attack b. stroke c. kidney damage d. all of the above

Which of these structures provides the muscle cells in the heart with a constant supply of oxygen? a. the superior vena cava b. the pulmonary artery c. coronary arteries d. systemic veins

Which of the following activities is the best analogy for respiration? a. swapping gifts with a classmate b. giving a gift to a sibling c. receiving a gift from a friend d. buying gifts for relatives

One difference between the pharynx and the larynx is that a. the pharynx is above the epiglottis and the larynx is below it b. only air bases throughout the pharynx, but both air and food pass through the larynx c. the pharynx contains the vocal cords, the larynx does not d. the pharynx directly connects to the bronchi, the larynx is part of the trachea

Because there is more oxygen in the alveolus than in the blood around it, oxygen diffuses a. from capillaries into the veins b. from arteries into the capillaries c. from alveoli into capillaries d. from veins into the alveolus

Which of these is the correct order through which oxygen enters the body? a. lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, blood b. bronchi, lungs, bronchioles, alveoli, blood c. lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, blood, alveoli d. blood, alveoli, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles

When you take a deep breath before diving underwater air is forced into your lungs by the contraction of your a. alveoli b. lungs c. diaphragm d. heart

How does movement of the rib cage change air pressure in the chest cavity? a. When the rib cage raises, an increase in air pressure in the chest cavity causes air to rush into the lungs. b. When the rib cage relaxes, an increase in air pressure in the chest cavity causes air to rush into the lungs. c. When the rib cage raises, a decrease in air pressure in the chest cavity causes air to rush into the lungs. d. When the rib cage relaxes, a decrease in air pressure in the chest cavity causes air to rush out of the lungs.

Chronic bronchitis is caused by a. the bronchi becoming inflamed and clogged with mucus b. the loss of elasticity and the eventual breakdown of lung tissue c. infected lung cells spreading deadly chemicals to the parts of the body d. all of the above