CHAPTER 17 MGMT – Flashcards

Data mining is the process of _____.

Which of the following is the cost of physically or electronically archiving information for later retrieval and use? a. Retrieval cost b. Communication cost c. Extraction cost d. Storage cost e. Collection cost

_____ data mining usually begins with a user telling the data mining software to look and test for specific patterns and relationships in a data set. a. Supervised b. Heterogeneous c. Specific d. Unsupervised e. Homogenous

____ occur in data mining when two or more database elements occur together in a significant pattern in which one of the elements precedes the other. a. Logic clusters b. Association patterns c. Sequence patterns d. Affinity patterns e. Data clusters

By examining customer checkout details, supermarkets have learned that people who are buying beer typically also buy a bag of salty snacks. As a result of this finding, supermarkets often place displays of beer near the chips and pretzel aisle. Which of the following methods of processing information is most likely to have been used for discovering such information? a. Authenticating b. Data mining c. Perceptual filtering d. Bar coding e. Optical scanning

_____ use standardized protocols to describe and transfer data from one company in such a way that those data can automatically be read, understood, transcribed, and processed by different computer systems in another company. a. Virtual private networks b. Corporate portals c. Intranets d. Executive information systems e. Web services

The expenses that are incurred in obtaining data that is not available to a company are known as _____. a. investment costs b. extrapolation costs c. acquisition costs d. production costs e. extraction costs

The key to sustaining competitive advantage is _____. a. using information technology to continuously improve and support the core functions of a business b. employing the Internet judiciously c. using information technology that is similar across competing firms d. using faster computers with more memory and larger hard drives e. assigning the core functions of a business to various managers

The two critical steps required to make sure that data can be accessed by approved users and no one else are _____. a. delegation and empowerment b. authorization and empowerment c. encryption and empowerment d. authentication and encryption e. authentication and authorization

The term data mining refers to the process of discovering unknown patterns and relationships in large amounts of data. a. True b. False

A user simply tells the data mining software to uncover whatever patterns and relationships it can find in a data set using _____ data mining. a. homogeneous b. supervised c. heterogeneous d. specific e. unsupervised

According to _____, about every year, computer-processing power will double and its cost would drop by 50 percent. a. the Peter principle b. Moore's law c. Gresham's Law d. the rule of e-commerce e. Gordon's law

General Remedies is a store that wanted to hold a big sale of its merchandise at very low prices for its existing and new customers. It had the mobile numbers of its existing customers, but to get the numbers of new customers it had to pay a sum of money to a telecommunications company. In the context of the costs of useful information, General Remedies incurred a(n) _____ cost. a. extrapolation b. processing c. porting d. retrieval e. acquisition

The two major types of data mining are _____. a. affinity and association b. supervised and unsupervised c. sequence and affinity d. random and sequence e. qualitative and quantitative

The term _____ refers to facts and figures that are in an unusable form. a. processed data b. nonspecific information c. relevant information d. statistical data e. raw data

Three kinds of information technology are used by executives, managers, and workers inside the company to access and share information. They are _____. a. Internet-accesses, SSL encryption, and intranets b. expert systems, decision support system, and virtual private networks c. executive information systems, portals, and intranets d. local area networks, extranets, and management control systems e. social networking sites, local area networks, and portals

Which of the following is the cost of turning raw data into useful information? a. Processing cost b. Optimization cost c. Extrapolation cost d. Maximization cost e. Retention cost

_____ information means transforming raw data into meaningful information that can be applied to business decision making. a. Mining b. Processing c. Acquiring d. Communicating e. Extracting

According to the resource-based view of information technology, sustainable competitive advantage occurs when information technology adds value, is different across firms, and is difficult to create or acquire. a. True b. False

Association patterns are also called sequence patterns. a. True b. False

_____ is the process of ensuring that data are reliably and consistently retrievable in a usable format for authorized users, but no one else. a. Data insulation b. Protecting information c. Decryption d. Processing information e. Capturing information

Data clusters _____. a. occur when two database elements tend to occur together in a significant way b. are used to create samples for statistical analyses c. occur when three or more database elements occur together in a significant way d. help identify database elements that are different e. are data transformed into complex, scrambled digital codes

Whenever people shop online, as soon as they put an item in a shopping cart, they are offered a series of other items that people who made the same purchase also bought. In the context of data mining, this is an example of a(n) _____ pattern. a. adjacency b. extrapolative c. predictive d. association e. sequence

_____ occurs when two companies convert their purchase and ordering information to a standardized format to enable the direct electronic transmission of that information from one company's computer system to the other company's computer system. a. Transaction channeling b. Data manipulation c. Information exchange d. Electronic data interchange e. Automated processing

In the context of protecting information, _____ is making sure users are who they claim to be. a. distinction b. authorization c. authentication d. decryption e. encryption