Sociology Final Exam – Flashcards

Sex refers to the natural or biological differences that distinguish males and females. Gender is a social construct that consists of a set of social arrangements that are built around sex.

Intersexed individuals have ambiguous genitalia, and can identify as one sex or the other. The main challenge is after they are born the parents/doctors have to decide if they should be female or male

Transsexuals are those who may have the genitalia of one sex, but feel as though they are "locked" into the wrong body.

Sociologists see it as a social construction where existentialists see it as other

Most sociologists use a constructionist approach and see gender as a social construction and acknowledge the possibility that the male and female categories are not the only way of classifying individuals.

Gender roles are sets of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one's status as a male or female. The socialization happens even before birth. Gender roles are all those expectations about behavior that define one as man or women.

In the United States, the history of the women's movement can be divided into three historical waves.

subrination of women

Boys and girls are treated differently by teachers, and there are different expectations for their behavior and performance. Men are more likely to have 1 on 1 time, they are more likely to continue on with study and receive more praise.

Women still face many challenges in the working world today, including unequal pay, sexual harassment, sexism, tracking to certain kinds of jobs, the "feminization" of jobs, the glass ceiling, and more.

Glass ceiling- an invisible limit on women's climb up the occupational ladder Glass escalator- the promotional ride men take to the top of a work organization, especially in feminized jobs

Wanting a connection to their fathers, wanting to be connected to their brothers. (Family influences)

It takes away the "you are out there to have fun"

Lower status said getting involved in sports saw sports as the way out of the criminal life style while upper class saw it as connecting to male figures in their life, like father, uncle, son.

Advertising is a gendered activity, both in terms of production and consumption: Much of advertising and marketing is targeted at either men or women, but rarely both. Much of the advertising that targets females is emotionally based (love, romance, passion, beauty), while advertising directed at men concentrates on the physical.(strength)

Women in color are shown as exotic and would be shown in cheetah print. They are also shown lighter shades.

The images only focus on one part of a woman's body. Because it only focuses on a specific part it is considered violent.

Women can be assigned to cashier while the men stock the shelves

The men were uncomfertable doing the "women jobs" while the woman who were working men jobs were tired of the comments but didnt feel uncomfertable during the job.

withdrawl: Someone from a minority group removes themselves by a majority group

An individual who can choose who they want to be (Mexican heartige on may 5th) They are only optional to some (whites)

He looked at it as structure(shaping our choices) and an agency(peoples own free will) approach

Our definitions of good health and bad health have changed over time

AMA shapes and governs not only medical professionals behavior and have guidelines to who can become professionals. (AMA bosses everyone around)

A sick person must isolate themselves and strive to get better

Whenever we begin to treat symptoms as illnesses.(Medicalization of birth, not many people have birth at home anymore and go to hospital and it is almost considered as an illness)

Have a good test

Now about 75% of americans die in hospitals and nursing homes. Not many are dieing in their homes.

Where you live can effect your health

There are no grocery stores within 1 mile in an urban area and 10 miles rural

Infant help is nothing to be ashamed of but when an adult needs it they feel it underlines their adulthood

Viewed like a luxurity, they think of it as a special treatment. It is viewed as a ridged scheduled thing.

The relationships could be forced. The females want the same sex and the males want a female because they are more motherly. Men made assumptions about the woman and thought they needed to be married in order to see the naked men. Then they thought the younger women shoudnt see naked men so they dont remove their innocnece