AP Psych Exam Practice Test – Flashcards
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At the close of the nineteenth century, Gerhard is excited to find that he has been accepted for training in the psychology laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt. It is likely that Gerhard will be trained to __________.
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a) analyze how to break down his sensations into their most basic elements
Correct. Wundt was a structuralist.
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Forming a hypothesis is the second step in a scientific investigation. This step is derived from which goal of psychology?
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b) explaining
Correct. A hypothesis is a "tentative explanation" of the experimental question.
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Which part of the eye is a muscle that regulates the size of the pupil?
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e)iris
Correct. The iris is a muscle that controls pupil size.
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Conduction hearing impairment refers to hearing problems that originate in the __________.
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c)eardrum and middle ear
Correct. Conduction deafness refers to hearing problems that originate in the eardrum and middle ear.
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Which is the best description of the kinesthetic sense?
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e)It has to do with the location of body parts in relation to the ground and to each other.
Correct. The kinesthetic sense has to do with the location of body parts in relation to the ground and to each other.
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Which memory system provides us with a very brief representation of all the stimuli present at a particular moment?
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b) sensory memory
Correct. Sensory memory stores brief images.
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Someone is injured in a car accident. Although emergency brain surgery saves his life, it leaves him unable to store new information. The person's family is applying to the state for compensation for his injuries. When asked to provide a diagnosis of the difficulties he suffers, what will they write?
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b) anterograde amnesia
Correct. Anterograde amnesia occurs when new long-term memories cannot be formed.
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Jill is motivated by money and the things money will bring her. Jack is motivated by a belief in the importance of doing good things, and his incentives are based on that belief. Which theory incorporates both these types of motivational causes?
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e) expectancy-value theory
Correct. In expectancy-value theory, the values of a person determine his or her motivation.
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The lateral hypothalamus (LH) may be involved in __________.
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b) the onset of eating
Correct. The lateral hypothalamus (LH) may be involved in the onset of eating.
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Which theory states that a stimulus triggers physiological changes that produce emotion?
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b) James-Lange theory
Correct. James and Lange developed the theory that a stimulus triggers physiological changes that produce emotion.
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_________ is the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are threatening or challenging.
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e) Stress
Correct. Stress is the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events
that are threatening or challenging
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The type of research design which compares various participants at several points in time (no longer than 6 years apart) to examine age-related differences and changes is called a ____________________.
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a) cross-sequential design
Correct. A cross-sequential design studies participants by means of a cross-sectional design, using subjects of different ages, but also follows and assesses them over time.
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Emily and her husband are thrilled as they peer into Emily's uterus by means of an ultrasound. The physician reports that the pregnancy appears normal, and that their baby's fingers, toes, heart, and circulatory system are developing as expected. The couple learns that the baby is only three-quarters of an inch long. The current stage of prenatal development is the _________.
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a) embryonic period
Correct. It is during the embryonic period that major organs and structures first develop.
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According to Erikson, if an elementary school child fails to succeed in learning new skills and knowledge, the result may be the development of a sense of _________.
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b) inferiority
Correct. Failure to learn new skills and knowledge may result in a sense of inferiority.
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Which of Freud's levels of consciousness consists of thoughts and feelings that can be easily brought into immediate awareness?
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c) preconscious level
Correct. The preconscious level of consciousness consists of thoughts and feelings that can be easily brought into immediate awareness.
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The neo-Freudian, Carl Jung, suggested the existence of a collective unconscious that contains images shared by all people called ______.
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e) archetypes
Correct. Jung suggested the existence of a collective unconscious that contains images shared by all people called archetypes.
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Which one of the goals of psychology would be most relevant in the trait perspective?
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a) description
Correct. Traits are descriptive features.
