AP Human Geography Chapter 12 Key Issue #2 – Flashcards

agricultural-based community in which a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings

typical of the North American rural landscape, is characterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors rather than alongside other farmers in settlements

Comprise a central open space surrounded by structures

linear rural settlements comprise buildings clustered along a road, river, or dike to facilitate communications

- typically traveled to the New World in a group, colonists wanted to live close together - reinforce common cultural and religious values - clustered settlements for defense against attacks by Native Americans

a rural settlements pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages

in Great Britain between 1750 & 1850. Dispersed settlements were considered more efficient for agriculture than clustered settlements. During the Industrial Revolution, it was the consolidation of many small farms into one large farm, which created a labor force as many people lost their homes.

process by which the population of urban settlements grows. Two dimensions: an increase in the NUMBER of people living in an urban settlements and an increase in the PERCENTAGE of people living in urban cities.

developed countries have a higher percentage of urban residents, but developing countries have more of the very large urban settlements

large size, high density, social heterogeneity

the large size of an urban settlement produces different social relationships than those formed in rural settlements

produces social consequences for urban residents. The only way that a large number of people can be supported in a small area is through specialization.

the larger the settlement, the greater the variety of people. A person has greater freedom in an urban settlement than in a rural settlement to pursue an unusual profession, sexual orientation, or cultural interest. You can find people with similar interests

independent self-governing communities that included the settlement and nearby countryside