AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH 12- Services and Settlements – Flashcards
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Residents of rural settlements are more likely than residents or urban settlements to work in
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Agriculture
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A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found is close together is what kind of settlement
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Clustered rural
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In the US about ______ of all jobs are in consumer services
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50%
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Consumers services include
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Educational, retail, wholesale, social, leisure, and hospitality jobs
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In the US educational services account for about ______ of jobs
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10%
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Most people in the world live in what type of settlement
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Urban settlement
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Which of the following is not primarily a consumer service
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Transportation services
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The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted is
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Hinterland
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The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is
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Range
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A central place is a
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Market center
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If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, the country follows what distribution
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Primate city
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The hierarchical listing of settlements by size is known as the
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Rank-size rule
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A primate city is
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At least twice as large as the next smaller city
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If a country follows the rank-size rule, if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants, how many people live in the fifth largest city
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200,000
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The minimum number of people needed to support a service is called the
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Threshold
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The gravity model predicts that the optimal location of a service is
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Directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it
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The potential use of a service at a location is related directly to population and inversely to distance in the
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Gravity model
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Periodic markets are likely to feature
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Vendors who move from town to town
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In a linear community, we can deduce that the best location for a service is the
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Median
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Central Place Theory predicts larger settlements are
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Less numerous and farther apart
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Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of
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Economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors
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The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is
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A hexagon
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A ______ is an example of a settlement that specializes in public services
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State capital
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An analysis of this map of global cities indicates that
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Chicago is an alpha-ranked world city
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The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by
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Low wages and the wide use of English
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The attraction of the outsourced "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by
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Bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries.
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World cities are defined by
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The number and type of business services found there
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LDCS specialize in what two types of global business services
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Offshore financial and back office
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Two major benefits many LDCS offer in terms of global financial services are
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Tax breaks and privacy
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What factors determine where back office services will locate in LDCs
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Low wage rates and workers who can speak English
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Back-office functions are also called
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Business-process outsourcing
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What technical development has allowed back-office functions to relocate to LDCs
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Telecommunications
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This map of offshore financial centers indicates that
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Many are concentrated in the eastern Caribbean
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Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity
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Steel mill
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A firm that sells it's products primarily to consumers outside it's settlement is a
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Basic industry
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Richard Florida's research identified a relationship between the distribution of
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Talent and diversity
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One of the most important basic activities in the southern Great Lakes region is
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Manufacturing of durable goods
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Attracting a new basic industry is important to a community, primarily because it
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Stimulates new nonbasic industries
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The French long-lot system was developed primarily because of
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Need for access to a river
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The most significant impact thay Great Britain's enclosure movement made on the rural landscape was to
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Produce more of a dispersed rural settlement pattern
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Clustered rural settlements were most common in which region of colonial America
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New England
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The most prominent structure in ancient city of Ur was the stepped temple called _______, which was built about 4,000 years ago
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Ziggurat
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The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Athens was the ____, which still looks over the city
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Parthenon
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Because of its centrality in an ancient communications network, we still have the old saying "All roads lead to ____"
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Rome
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Which of the following is considered to be a hearth of urban settlement
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Mesopotamia
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Heterogeneity is more a characteristic of
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Urban centers than rural communities
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Urban residents are generally more tolerant of ____ than the residents of rural communities, but residents of urban settlements often feel that they are surrounded by people who are indifferent and reserved
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Diverse social behavior
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Urbanization can be analyzed by looking at the increase in the ____ of people living in cities
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Number and percentages
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Which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution in Europe
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The Industrial Revolution ultimately promoted urbanization
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Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that
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There are many different types of people in cities
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The most significant anticipated benefit of the enclosure movement was to
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Promote agricultural efficiency
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The fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements
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Reduction in urban populations
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Typical medieval European urban settlements were characterized by the
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Placement of buildings around a central market place
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The city-state is an example of
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A state dominated by its major city
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The map of early urban settlements indication that by 1 A.D.
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Tokyo was one of the largest cities in the world