AP Psych Chapter 13 Part 2 – Flashcards

Described personality in terms of fundamental traits, people's characteristic traits and conscious motives. Likewise defined personality in terms of identifiable behavior patterns, which were to be described rather than explained.

Believed that we can reduce many of our normal individual variation to two or three dimensions, including "extraversion-intraversion" and "emotional stability-instability".

Noted that people do not act with predictive consistency. Studied college students and found that their conscientiousness on one occasion was only moderately correlated to their conscientiousness on other occasions.

Found that individuals who feel helpless and oppressed often perceive control as external, which, in turn, deepens their feelings of resignation. Dogs strapped in a harness and given repeated shocks, with no opportunity to avoid them, learned a sense of helplessness.

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.

A test according to Carl Jung's personality types used to describe different personalities in complementary terms.

A questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits.

The most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use), this test is now used for many other screening purposes.

A test (such as MMPI) developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups.

The personality factors "Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extraversion" (CANOE)

The Big Five

Views behavior as influenced by the interaction between people's traits (including their thinking) and their social context.

The extent to which people perceive control over their environment rather than feeling helpless.

The perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate.

The perception that you control your own fate.

The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.

The scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive.

Overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders.

One's feelings of high or low self-worth.

The interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment. Example: Children's TV-watching habits influence their viewing preferences, which influences how television affects their current behavior.

A readiness to perceive oneself favorably. Example: When getting an A+ on the psych test, the AP psych students credited themselves. When they got an F- on the psych test, the AP psych students blamed the Quizlets.