ch.24 APUSH – Flashcards

Herbert Hoover won presidential election.

A nonpartisan political organization, developed in 1920 to improve our systems of government and impact public policies through citizen education and advocacy. Its basic purpose is to make democracy work for all citizens.

Prohibited the non-medical sale of alcohol This amendment is the midpoint of a growing drive towards women's rights as well as showing the moral attitude of the era.

29th President of the United States (1921-1923). A Republican from Ohio. promised return to normality after WW1 used efforts of make no enemies during his presdiency. scandals affected his presidency such as the Ohio Gang that had to do with financial jobs that he offered his friends. Died into his presidency.

newcomers/immigrants from Europe were restricted in any given year to a quota, set at 3%

cut quota for foreigners to 2% instead of 3%, marked end of unrestricted immigration in US

Election between Republican Warren Harding, Democrat James M. Cox and Socialist Eugene V. Debs; Harding won with his "return to normalcy" campaign

campaign theme of warren harding during the election of 1920 it reflected the conservative mood of the country after the constant appeals to idealism that characterized both the progressive era and wilson's fight over the League of Nations

A group of poker-playing, men that were friends of President Warren Harding. Harding appointed them to offices and they used their power to gain money for themselves. They were involved in scandals that ruined Harding's reputation even though he wasn't involved.

Election between Republican Calvin Coolidge, Democrat John Davis and Progressive Robert LaFolette; Coolidge won but LaFolette received 5 million votes.

The Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors Federal agent, term coined by Machine Gun Kelly

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S.

Washington Naval Conference was a military conference called by the administration of President Warren G. Harding and held in Washington, D.C. from 12 November 1921 to 6 February 1922. These treaties preserved peace during the 1920s but are also credited with enabling the rise of the Japanese Empire as a naval power leading up to World War II.

"Toothless international agreement of 1928 that pledged nations to outlaw war." Agreement also known as the Pact of Paris; Coolidge's Secretary of state and the French foreign minister signed it in 1928. It was a pledge to forswear war as an instrument of national policy. It was ultimately ratified by sixty-two nations.

In American diplomacy, the traditional belief that the United States should refrain from involvement in overseas politics, alliances, or wars, and confine its national security interst to its own borders.

Became President when Harding died; he was known for practicing a rigid economy in money and words, and acquired the name "Silent Cal" for being so soft-spoken. He was a true Republican and industrialist and believed in the government supporting big business.

Refers to controversy in Harding's presidency; cabinet filled with friends and associates; leased oil reserves for money -> secretary convicted of bribery and jailed

concentration on producing and distributing goods for a market which must constantly be enlarged

1935 extended electric power lines to rural areas.

scare is hysteria over communism. In 1919 Attorney general A. Mitchell Palmer's raids against foreigners and communists in America caused by a series of mail bombs.

Attorney General in 1920s; earned the title of the "fighting Quaker" by his excess of zeal in rounding up suspects of Red Scare; ultimately totaled about six thousand; This drive to root out radicals was redoubled in June 1919, when a bomb shattered his home

The KKK employed the same tactics as it always had: fear, lynchings, and intimidation. Finally, the KKK was given a stiff setback due to an internal money/initiation fee scam. The KKK had been started as an anti-black group. In the 20's, it added to its list of "we don't likes": Catholics, Jewish, pacifists, communists, internationalists, revolutionists, bootleggers, gambling, adultery, and birth control.

An illegal bar where drinks were sold, during the time of prohibition. It was called a Speakeasy because people literally had to speak easy so they were not caught drinking alcohol by the police.

a mob king in Chicago who controlled a large network of speakeasies with enormous profits. His illegal activities convey the failure of prohibition in the twenties and the problems with gangs., United States gangster who terrorized Chicago during Prohibition until arrested for tax evasion (1899-1947)

the act of making of transporting alcoholic liquor for sale illegally

Broad movement in Protestantism in the U.S. which tried to preserve what it considered the basic ideas of Christianity against criticism by liberal theologies. It stressed the literal truths of the Bible and creation.

Dewey advanced the notion that teachers have rights and must have more academic autonomy.

when payment is spread out over a period in many installations of payment

He belonged to the Lost Generation of Writers. He wrote the famous novel "The Great Gatsby" which explored the glamour and cruelty of an achievement-oriented society. In the 1920's he became upset with the idealism of America versus the realism he saw in World War I.

United States novelist who satirized middle-class America in his novel Main Street

American fundamentalist minister; he used colorful language and powerful sermons to drive home the message of salvation through Jesus and to oppose radical and progressive groups.

Glamorous, fundamentalist preacher during the 1920s, was an evangelist and media sensation and founder of the Foursquare Church.

paternalistic techniques employed by some bosses to improve working conditions to lead to a more stable workforce. Ex: Henry Ford shortened workweek, raised wages, paid vacations, US Steel improved safety and sanitation

shortened workweek, raised wages, paid vacations, US Steel improved safety and sanitation

A statement made by president Calvin Coolidge which showed his overconfidence in the American economy before the Depression

greatest strike in history, 250 thous strike to get owners to recognize their right to organize, owners brought in 30,000 African americans to break strike

Allowed people to borrow most of the cost of the stock, making down payments as low as 10 percent

October 29th, 1929: the day when prices in the stock market took a steep dive, plunging over $10 million dollars. -Beginning of the Great Depression.

a highly publicized trial where John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school. Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later. Displayed the fundamentalism prevalent in rural areas at the time

1151. Sacco and Vanzetti case Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were Italian immigrants charged with murdering a guard and robbing a shoe factory in Braintree, Mass. The trial lasted from 1920-1927. Convicted on circumstantial evidence, many believed they had been framed for the crime because of their anarchist and pro-union activities.

1932 - Lindbergh baby kidnapped as a result of the crime wave - was found dead in a shallow grave

Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb were convicted of killing a young boy, Bobby Franks, in Chicago just to see if they could get away with it. Defended by Clarence Darrow, they got life imprisonment. Both geniuses, they had decided to commit the perfect murder. The first use of the insanity defense in court.

Roscoe Arbuckle was accused of rape and murder, though only charged with drinking bootlegged alcohol and not of rape and murder, many people were still convinced he had done it.

leader of the UNIA, urged blacks to return to Africa because, he reasoned, blacks would never be treated justly in countries ruled by whites

Association founded by Marcus Gravey in 1914 to foster African American economic independence and establish an independent black homeland in Africa.

a flowering of African American culture in the 1920s when New York City's Harlem became an intellectual and cultural capital for African Americans; instilled interest in African American culture and pride in being an African American.

African-American actress, singer, opera performer, first black women to star in major motion picture; she moved to France; ,

African American poets during Harlem Renaissance; their poems about African American culture expressed a range of emotions from bitterness and resentment to joy and hope.