Chapter 10: Using Words Well: Speaker Language and Style – Flashcards
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cliche
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an overused expression
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thesaurus
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an alphabetical list of words and their synonyms
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denotation
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the literal meaning of a word
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connotation
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the meaning listeners associate with a word, based on their experience
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ethnic vernacular
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a variety of English that includes words and phrases used by a specific ethnic group
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regionalism
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a word or phrase used uniquely by speakers in one part of a country
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jargon
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the specialized language of a profession
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standard U.S. English
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the English taught by schools and used in the media, business, and government in the U.S.
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figure of speech
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language that deviates from the ordinary, expected meaning of words to make a description of comparison unique, vivid, and memorable
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metaphor
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an implied comparison between two things or concepts
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simile
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a comparison between two things that uses the word like or as
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crisis rhetoric
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language used by speakers during momentous or overwhelming times
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personification
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the attribution of human qualities to inanimate things or ideas
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omission
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leaving out a word or phrase the listener expects to hear
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inversion
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reversing the normal word order of a phrase or sentence
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suspension
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withholding a key word or phrase until the end of a sentence
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repetition
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use of a key word or phrase more than once for emphasis
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parellelism
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use of the same grammatical pattern for two or more phrases, clauses, or sentences
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antithesis
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opposition, such as that used in two-part sentences in which the second part contrasts in meaning with the first
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alliteration
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the repetition of a consonant sound (usually the first consonant) several times in a phrase, clause, or sentence
