Bio Ch53 Pretest – Flashcards
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According to the principle of competitive exclusion, two species cannot continue to occupy the same _____.
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ecological niche
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Which answer below describes the effect predation has on the organisms involved in the relationship?
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benefit; harmed
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The term used to describe a harmless organism resembling a harmful one is _____.
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Batesian mimicry
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Cellulose-digesting microorganisms live in the guts of termites and ruminant mammals. The microorganisms have a home and food, while their hosts gain more nutrition from their meals. This relationship is an example of _____.
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mutualism
( The cellulose-digesting microorganisms have a home and place to live; the hosts get nutrients from the microorganism's breakdown of cellulose.)
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Which statement about coevolution is NOT true?
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A possible example of coevolution is the aposematic coloration of tree frogs and the adverse reactions of various predators.
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An organism's "trophic level" refers to _____.
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its food source
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Keystone species are those species _____.
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whose absence would cause major disruption in an ecosystem
( A keystone species makes an unusually strong impact on community structure.)
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Which of the following best illustrates ecological succession?
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Grass grows on a sand dune, followed by shrubs, and then trees.
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According to MacArthur and Wilson's hypothesis of island biogeography, species immigration and extinction rates on a particular island correlate to _____.
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the island's size and distance from the mainland
( The American ecologists predicted that species immigration and extinction rates correlate to the size of an island and its distance from the mainland.)
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The idea that the destruction of one species in a community could greatly affect other members of the community has its roots in the _____ of community structure, which reiterates the_____ of almost 100 years ago.
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rivet model ... integrated hypothesis of community structure
( In the integrated hypothesis, Clements proposed that community members were closely linked and functioned almost as a superorganism. Ehrlich's rivet model is based on an airplane analogy, in which the gradual removal of rivets could eventually spell disaster for the plane.)
