Biology Ch.22 – Flashcards
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Plants use the energy of sunlight to
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Carry out photosynthesis.
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Most plants are
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Multicellular, Eukaryotic, Autotrophs.
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Which of the following is true?
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Most plants get the water they need from the soil.
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If plants need oxygen for cellular respiration, then why do plants release oxygen into the atmosphere?
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More oxygen is produced during photosynthesis than plant needs for cellular respiration, so the plants needs to release the extra oxygen.
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The ancestors of land plants likely evolved from
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An organisms similar to green algae.
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Living on land required that plants
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Conserve water.
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What would have most likely occurred if plants had not begun to live on land?
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Animals also would not live on land.
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Based on Figure 22-1, which of the following features evolved first in land plants?
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Water-conducting tissue.
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What process is shown in figure 22-2?
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Alternation of generations.
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In plants, the diploid phase is known as
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The sporophyte.
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How have the sporophyte and gametophyte changed as plants have evolved?
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The gametophyte has become smaller, and the sporophyte has become larger.
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Which of the following groups contains species that do not undergo alternation of generations?
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Green algae.
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What is a basic difference between a sporophyte and a gametophyte?
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A sporophyte is pet of the diploid phase while a gametophyte is part of the haploid phase of the plant life cycle.
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Which of the following statements about green algae is true?
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Evidence suggests they were the first plants.
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In which of the following environments are green algae NOT found?
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Dry areas on land.
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Which of the following is NOT a reason green algae are classified as plants?
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They are single-celled organisms.
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Based on figure 22-3, which statement is true?
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Cycle 1 shows asexual reproduction in green algae.
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When environmental conditions are unfavorable, why is it an advantage for green algae to reproduce sexually?
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Sexual reproduction produces offspring that have greater genetic variety and durable zygotes that can help green algae species survive unfavorable conditions.
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Of the following locations, you would most likely find mosses growing in
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Shaded ground near a small pond.
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Because Bryophytes do not have vascular tissue, they
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Grow lose to the ground.
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In Bryophytes, which of the following structures is like a root?
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Rhizoid.
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What is the sperm-producing structure of a bryophyte?
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Antheridium.
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Bryophytes must live in moist areas because they lack vascular tissue.For what other reason do they need to live in moist areas?
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The sperm of Bryophytes need water to swim to an egg.
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Xylem tissue is important because it
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Can conduct water over long distances.
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Which type of vascular tissue carries solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis?
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Phloem.
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Vascular plants are able to grow taller than nonvascular plants because
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Lignin in the cell walls of vascular tissue helps the plant overcome gravity.
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What is one reason that vascular plants are larger than nonvascular plants?
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Vascular tissue carries water and nutrients much more efficiently that can be carried by diffusion.
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Which of the following includes a plant embryo, a food supply, and a protective covering?
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Seed.
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Seed-bearing plants differ from all other plants in that
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Their gametes do not require water for fertilization to occur.
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In seed plants, what is an important difference between gymnosperm and most angiosperms?
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In gymnosperms, male gametophytes and female gametophytes are produced in different structures, while in angiosperms they are usually produced in the same structure.
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In seed plants, the entire male gametophyte is confined
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Pollen grain.
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During pollination in seed plants, pollen grains
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Are carried to female reproductive structures by wind or animals.
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The gametophytes of gymnosperms are found inside reproductive structures called
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Cones.
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In figure 22-4, which letters indicate the sporophyte or structures that include the sporophyte?
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A, G, H, I, J.
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In gymnosperms, the female gametophyte develops inside the
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Ovules.
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Which of the following gymnosperms reproductive structures haploid?
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Pollen grains.
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Angiosperms produce seeds inside protective structures called
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Ovaries.
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The specialized reproductive structure that evolved most recently is the
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Ovary.
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In figure 22-5, what letter indicates the structure where the embryo develops?
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B.
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Which of the following correctly relates an angiosperm structure and what it develops into?
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Ovary fruit.
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The number of seed leaves distinguishes
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Two groups of angiosperms.
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Unlike a dicot, a monocot has
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Parallel leaf veins.
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Flowering plants that grow, flower, produce seeds, and die in one year are called
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Annuals.
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Which type of plant lives the longest?
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Perennial.
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A new plant is discovered. This plant has leaves with branched veins, a taproot, and stems made primarily of cells with thick cell walls, which means it is
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A woody plant.
