Electrolytes – Flashcards

Antidiuretic hormone

The extracellular fluid (ECF) consists of the

Hypoventilation leads to

When pure water is consumed,

When water is lost, but electrolytes are retained,

To reduce brain swelling by pulling water out of brain cells, a substance can be injected intravenously to increase the osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid. Which of the following properties can this substance not have in order to be effective?

When the pH of the extracellular fluid drops, the

Angiotensin II produces a coordinated elevation in the ECF volume by

All of the following are components of ECF, except

The amount of potassium excreted by the kidneys is regulated mainly by

Which hormone(s) is released by heart muscle in response to excessive chamber volume?

The ions in highest concentration in the extracellular fluid are

In response to respiratory alkalosis, the

Which hormone stimulates the thirst mechanism?

A chemical that minimizes changes in the pH of a body fluid by releasing or binding hydrogen ion is called a(n)

In an adult female, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

Which of the following will stimulate thirst?

Substances that can carry electrical current across cell membranes are called

Approximately ________ liters of peritoneal fluid are produced and reabsorbed each day.

A patient on a ventilator subjected to excessive minute volume is at risk for

The release of atrial naturetic peptides from the heart will cause the body to

In a lean adult male, the body consists of about ________ percent water.

A person with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus will develop

The most common problems with electrolyte balance are caused by an imbalance between gains and losses of

Excess hydrogen ion is eliminated from the body largely by

Consuming a meal high in salt will

A person who consumes large amounts of sodium bicarbonate ("baking soda") to settle an upset stomach risks

Which hormone most affects the osmolarity of blood?

A person with emphysema will exhibit signs of

Exchange between the two main subdivisions of ECF occurs primarily at the

The ions in highest concentration in the intracellular fluid are

Prolonged vomiting can result in

A patient who has been both vomiting and having diarrhea is losing ________ from his body.

Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder metabolic alkalosis?

Calcium reabsorption by the kidneys is promoted by the hormone

Which hormone plays a central role in determining the rate of sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion?

Severe kidney damage (such as glomerulonephritis) often leads to

Aldosterone

The principal cation in intracellular fluid is

The primary role of the carbonic-acid-bicarbonate buffer system is to

Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder respiratory acidosis?

About two-thirds of the body fluid is within cells and is termed ________ fluid.

Secretion of potassium into the urine is

Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder respiratory alkalosis?

Intracellular fluid (ICF) is found only within