topic 4 – Flashcards

The NWP and the NAWSA primarily differed in their strategies organization geographic focus goals

During the 1902 coal miners' strike in Pennsylvania, President Roosevelt remained neutral. prohibited the miners from forming a union. ordered the National Guard to stop the strike. threatened to send federal troops to take control of the mines.

What did W.E.B. Du Bois believe about African Americans and racial relations in the United States? African Americans would eventually be granted rights if they waited patiently. African Americans should immediately demand equal treatment under the law. Prejudice against African Americans was equally severe throughout the nation. African Americans should use violence in their fight for civil rights.

What is the name of the political reform that allows voters to reject laws even if they had already been passed by the legislature? referendum 19th Amendment direct primary initiative

"Laws permitting, and even requiring, [racial] separation in places where [the races] are liable to be brought into contact do not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the other, and have been generally, if not universally, recognized as within the competency of the state legislatures in the exercise of their police power. The most common instance of this is connected with the establishment of separate schools for white and colored children, which has been held to be a valid exercise of the legislative power even by courts of States where the political rights of the colored race have been longest and most earnestly enforced. ... We think the enforced separation of the races, as applied to the internal commerce of the State, neither abridges the privileges or immunities of the colored man, deprives him of his property without due process of law, nor denies him the equal protection of the laws within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment...." —Plessy v. Ferguson, Supreme Court of the United States (163 U.S. 537), May 18, 1896 The Supreme Court decision cited in the text declared that rules to keep African Americans from voting were not constitutional. racial segregation was not unconstitutional. schools could only educate African Americans separately. minorities could not be denied equal rights.

Which of the following resulted from the 1913 coal miners' strike in Ludlow? President Wilson ordered the mining company to negotiate with the workers. After a month-long strike, the mine owners met the miner's demands for safer conditions and higher pay. The Colorado National Guard opened fire on the miners' tent city.

Which group formed the Anti-Defamation League to defend itself against verbal attacks and false statements? Mexican Americans Asian Americans Jewish Americans Native Americans

Theodore Roosevelt supported powerful corporations (monopolies) as long as they bullied smaller companies. controlled railroads. did business fairly. gave to charities.

Many Progressives who followed Walter Rauschenbusch's Social Gospel program believed that child labor encouraged discipline and a strong work ethic. laws shortening the workweek were unconstitutional. Christianity should be the basis of social reform. government should not regulate business.

How do the changes shown in this graph relate to Progressive reforms? The Women's Trade Union League organized to limit the number of women working in manufacturing. As more women entered the Progressive movement, the number of women workers decreased. As more women entered the industrial workforce, more women began to work for better living and working conditions and voting rights. Progressives encouraged women to leave urban manufacturing jobs to take rural farming jobs.

In which decade did the number of women employed in manufacturing increase most? 1880s 1900s 1870s 1860s

What was the primary effect of the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson? It led to greater opportunities for minorities. It permanently divided the Progressive Party. It legalized segregation in many parts of the country. It made the sale of alcohol illegal in the United States.

In this political cartoon, the witch flying over the Capitol building on a rake is meant to represent mc005-1.jpg foreign expansionism. the temperance movement. women's suffrage. muckraking journalism.

What social problem did Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle describe? the living and working conditions in Chicago's stockyards and meat packing industry the ruthless business methods of John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil the struggles of black Americans the conflict between California farmers and the Southern Pacific Railroad

Wilson tried to protect workers by vetoing an income tax passed by Congress. enacting economic reforms like lowering tariffs on goods imported from foreign countries. relaxing government controls on corporations. encouraging large manufacturers to charge high prices for their products.

"The visitor [to St. Louis] is told of the wealth of the residents, of the financial strength of the banks, and of the growing importance of the industries; yet he sees poorly paved, refuse-burdened streets, and dusty or mud-covered alleys; he passes a ramshackle firetrap crowded with the sick and learns that it is the City Hospital. . . . Finally, he turns a tap in the hotel to see liquid mud flow into [the] wash basin or bathtub." — Lincoln Steffens and Claude Wetmore, "Corruption and Reform in St. Louis," McClure's Magazine, October 1902 According to Steffens and Wetmore, what best describes the often positive stories visitors are told about St. Louis before they come to the city? Those stories are entirely accurate. Those stories are unnecessarily negative. Those stories are entirely wrong. Those stories are misleading.

Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions. nar003-1.jpg Wilson's New Freedom worked to improve which of the following? international relations social welfare economic policy public education

Why did the United States banking system need to be reformed in the early 1900s? The nation had no central authority to supervise banks. Interest rates for loans rarely fluctuated. Banks had full access to their reserves when customers wanted to withdraw money. Too many people controlled the reserve funds of the nation's banks.

"Poverty and ignorance have affected the black man just as they affect the white man. They have made him untruthful, intemperate, selfish, caused him to steal, to be cheated, and made the outcast of society, and he has aspired to positions which he was not mentally and morally capable of filling. But the day is breaking, and education will bring the complete light. The scales of prejudice are beginning to drop from the eyes of the dominant classes South, and through their clearer and more intelligent vision they are beginning to see and recognize the mighty truth that wealth, happiness, and permanent prosperity will only come in proportion as the hand, head, and heart of both races are educated and Christianized." —Booker T. Washington, "The Educational Outlook in the South," July 16, 1884 What opinion does Washington express about the equal rights movement for African Americans? African Americans must demand to receive equal treatment under the law. African Americans will receive equal treatment when they have earned it. The equal rights movement for African Americans is vital for everyone's well being. The equal rights movement for African Americans has made little hope for progress.

What trend does the graph show? mc004-1.jpg Between 1870 and 1910, more children went to school and more children worked. Between 1870 and 1910, fewer children went to school and more children worked. Between 1870 and 1910, fewer children went to school and fewer children worked. Between 1870 and 1910, more children went to school and fewer children worked.

Which event led to the formation of the NAACP? the segregation of federal government offices in 1914 the 1908 Springfield riot the first meeting of the Niagara Movement the Plessy v. Ferguson decision

Which reform resulted from the fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory? antitrust legislation the spread of settlement houses workers' compensation laws a ban on child labor

Use the information below to answer the following questions. nar002-1.jpg Why did minority groups receive limited benefits from Progressivism? Minority groups did not wish to Americanize. The Supreme Court barred minority groups from having increased rights. Few minority groups actively worked for their own rights. Many Progressives held racist ideas about minority groups.

Under President William Howard Taft, the federal government brought lawsuits against many corporations and trusts. strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act. upheld the Standard Oil Trust. continued Roosevelt's "rule of reason" policies.

Many Progressive reformers targeted city officials who built corrupt organizations called trusts municipal services commissions political machines

Which problem was the muckraker Upton Sinclair most concerned to expose? poor working conditions in American factories the personal struggles of African Americans in urban environments political corruption in Congress and the judiciary child labor in the oil industry

The concept of "rational use" suggested that forests be preserved for public use. private companies manage water resources. the federal government sell Alaskan lands to business interests. all wild areas be left untouched.

The National Reclamation Act directly affected the management of which natural resource? water oil lumber coal

Which group formed the Anti-Defamation League to defend itself against verbal attacks and false statements? Asian Americans Jewish Americans Native Americans Mexican Americans

The 1903 Muller v. Oregon decision upheld limited work hours for women. higher wages for women. women's right to vote. women's right to birth control.

Which legislation gave the government the authority to set and limit shipping costs, as well as tolls for bridges and ferries? the Mann-Elkins Act the Hepburn Act the Elkins Act the Payne-Aldrich Act

In 1914, Congress formed the Federal Trade Commission to inspect food and medicines sold across state lines. monitor business practices that might lead to monopoly. identify those activities in which businesses could not engage. protect labor unions from being attacked as trusts.

Which of the following did the National Reclamation Act of 1902 lead to? the preservation of Yellowstone National Park the election of Wiliam Howard Taft in 1908 water regulation in the west and the construction of the Hoover Dam the coal miners' strike of 1902

"Political parties exist to secure responsible government and to execute the will of the people. From these great tasks both of the old parties have turned aside. Instead of instruments to promote the general welfare, they have become the tools of corrupt interests which use them impartially to serve their selfish purposes. Behind the ostensible government sits enthroned an invisible government owing no allegiance and acknowledging no responsibility to the people. To destroy this invisible government, to dissolve the unholy alliance between corrupt business and corrupt politics is the first task of the statesmanship of the day. Unhampered by tradition, uncorrupted by power, undismayed by the magnitude of the task, the new party offers itself as the instrument of the people to sweep away old abuses, to build a new and nobler commonwealth." —Progressive Party Platform of 1912 This excerpt from the Progressive Party platform concerns which issue? corruption within the judicial branch of government suffrage for women and other disenfranchised groups the conditions under which the urban poor live and work the relationship between government and industry

Which reform did the Nineteenth Amendment enact? African American men's suffrage women's suffrage temperance laws a ban on child labor

W.E.B. Du Bois was an outspoken critic of William Monroe Trotter. Ray Stannard Baker. Booker T. Washington. Woodrow Wilson.

Which woman founded the National Association of Colored Women to help African American families and those who were less fortunate? Susan B. Anthony Alice Paul Ida B. Wells Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Wilson tried to protect workers by enacting economic reforms like lowering tariffs on goods imported from foreign countries. encouraging large manufacturers to charge high prices for their products. relaxing government controls on corporations. vetoing an income tax passed by Congress.

Although he was previously a member of the Republican Party, what other party did Theodore Roosevelt represent in his 1912 run for President? the Populist Party the Democratic Party the Progressive Party the Nationalist Party

"[Mexican Americans] are now employed to a considerable extent in the coal mines of Colorado and New Mexico, in the ore mines of Colorado and Arizona, in the smelters of Arizona, in the cement factories of Colorado and California, . . . and in fruit growing and canning in California. . . . Where they are employed in other industries, the same wage discrimination against them as was noted in the case of railroad employees is generally apparent." —Samuel Bryan, The Survey, September 1912 According to this quotation, Mexican Americans suffered discrimination in many industries. had mostly moved to urban areas by the 1920s. were employed in large numbers across the United States. received wages that were as low as those of other workers of the time.

Progressives that promoted Americanization efforts encouraged immigrants to assimilate (follow white, middle-class ways of life.) believed that assimilating immigrants would make them less loyal citizens. believed that the temperance movement unfairly targeted immigrants. helped immigrants establish ethnic communities in urban communities.

What was the reason for the passage of the American Indian Citizenship Act of 1924? to encourage Native American assimilation into mainstream culture to place Native Americans under federal authority to help Native Americans regain their former traditions to reward Native Americans for military service

Which two acts from the early twentieth century shown in the table were most closely related to one another? mc013-1.jpg the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act the National Reclamation Act and the Elkins Act the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Hepburn Act the Hepburn Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act