Quiz 7 Chapters 8 & 10 – Flashcards

Which of the following phrases describes a type of natural selection in which the mean characteristics of a population are preserved?

Much of what is known about the history of the origin of life came from

In one sense, microevolution is ___________________ and macroevolution is _________________

Which of the following species are considered "missing links" that show intermediate characteristics between two branches on the evolutionary tree?

Which of the following pairs of structures most likely represents homology?

Which of the following groups would be placed nearest the fungi in a phylogenetic tree based on DNA sequences?

A population's environment sometimes changes too quickly for natural selection to adapt the individuals in the population to the environment. In these situations

The dots along the trunk of this evolutionary tree figure represent both common ancestors and:

The average time to death from starvation in a fruit fly is about 20 hours. Selecting for increased starvation resistance in fruit flies:

Most mutations are:

Wolves and bears are placed in the same taxonomic order. Therefore, they must also be classified in the same:

Which aspect of Darwin's experience on the HMS Beagle was MOST important as an inspiration for his later development of the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Which of the following is evidence for Darwin's theory of common descent?

Evolutionary change as a result of natural selection ALWAYS leads to:

Anatomical homology in vertebrate forelimbs is considered to be evidence for evolution because:

___________selection favors organisms with phenotypes that are at one extreme relative to the average phenotype.

Evolution occurs:

The arrow in the figure represents:

Which of the following is an IMPORTANT difference between natural selection and genetic drift?

Which of the following taxonomic ranks is least inclusive?

population bottlenecks occur when

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

For a population to evolve through natural selection:

The extinction that occurred on earth 65 million years ago marked the end of what?

Which of the following statements is NOT important to Darwin's theory of natural selection?

A phylogenetic tree

The biological species concept:

Which of the following statements about Charles Darwin is FALSE?

Until the middle of the 19th century, all peppered moths (Biston betularia) observed around Manchester, England, were light in color. In 1845, a single black peppered moth was reported. As Manchester became more industrialized and dark soot began to cover the bark of the trees, the frequency of black moths increased greatly. The change in proportion of light and dark forms resulted from:

In Australia, most of the typical mammalian roles are filled by marsupial mammals. There is a marsupial "wolf," several species of marsupial "mice," marsupial "squirrels," and marsupial "anteaters." This example shows the importance of the study of ___________________ in understanding evolution.

Disruptive selection occurs when:

The taxonomic rank that includes species but not families is:

Which of the following traits CANNOT be modified through artificial selection on a laboratory population?

Which of the following is the best measure of an organism's fitness?

A virus killed most of the seals in the North Sea (e.g., dropped the population from 8000 to 800). In an effort to help preserve the species, scientists caught 20 seals and used them to start a new population in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Which of the following factors would most likely have the least impact in this new population?

Many mosquito populations today are resistant to pesticides that were historically effective. This pesticide resistance arose in these populations because

Prior to the 19th century, most scholars thought that the world was less than 10,000 years old. Based on geological and radiometric evidence, however, scientists now believe the age of Planet Earth is closer to:

The population suddenly expands when an influx of robins arrives during spring migration, and the frequency of the leucistic allele drops to only 1.5%. Has evolution occurred in the robin population in your study area?

Pre-zygotic refers to

How is extinction represented in a tree diagram?