Science: Weathering/Erosion – Flashcards
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How do physical and chemical weathering work together
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Physical weathering breaks rock material into smaller pieces exposing more of the rock's surface area to chemical weathering
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There are ____ main factors of physical weathering
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six
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What is the greatest factor of physical weathering
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water-liquid or frozen-
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True or False. In physical weathering the chemical components of the rock change
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False. The chemical components stay unchanged
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What are the main factors of physical weathering
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Frost wedging
Plants
Animals
Temperature Fluctuations
Exfoliation
Gravity
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True or False. When water freezes into ice, it expands
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True. It becomes bigger
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Where is frost wedging most common?
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in high mountain areas
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True or False. Plant wedging does not expose more rock surface to weathering
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False. It exposes more rock surface to weathering, which makes weathering go faster.
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When do animals cause weathering
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When they nest and burrow in the ground
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______ in temperature during the day/night cycle cause weathering
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Fluctuations
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The separation, during weathering, of successive, thin shells of rock
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Exfoliation
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Where does exfoliation occur most
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In moist areas
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True or False. When a rock falls, it will most likely break into smaller pieces
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True. That would cause more weathering because more surface area is exposed
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Factors that increase erosion:
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gravity
wind
water
slope
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Factors that decrease erosion:
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roots
vegetation
rocks
structures
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True or False. Weathering and erosion hardly work together
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False. Weathering and erosion always work together
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___ is responsible for the formation of rivers, valleys, canyons, etc.
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Erosion
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True or False. The process of weathering takes a very long time.
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True. This process will take thousands or millions of years.
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Weathering and Erosion work together:
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Weathering: over time, disintegrates the rock material and loosens it
Erosion: acts to carry the material away
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Rock material is ____ by chemical reactions that occur between the compounds in the rock and chemicals in the environment.
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decomposed
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decay or cause to decay
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decompose
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Two main factors that affect chemical weathering
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temperature
moisture
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Chemical weathering works from the ____ inward
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surface
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True or False. Acid rain is a major factor in physical weathering.
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False. It is a major factor in *chemical weathering*
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Water falling as ___ reacts with CO in the air from pollution resulting in Carbonic Acid
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rain
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the process by which rock and soil materials are loosed or dissolved and transported from one place to another
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erosion
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the elements and compounds found in rocks
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minerals
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what are the main components of soil
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gravel
sand
organic component
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process of rocks breaking apart without changing their chemical composition
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physical weathering
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the erosion or disintegration or rocks, building material, etc., caused by chemical reactions
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chemical weathering
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how do obstacles help decrease erosion?
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obstacles affect the path of rocks (or something else) flowing down or disintegrating with an easy flow
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what is the relationship between particles and chemical weathering
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as particle size decreases, the speed of chemical weathering increases
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what is the relationship between a slope and erosion
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as slope increases, erosion increases
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what is the relationship between obstacles and erosion
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as obstacles increase, erosion decreases
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what is highly resistant to chemical reactions
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quartz
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____ is a mineral in a rock.
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Quartz
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screens that have openings of different sizes so that particles larger than the openings cannot fall through
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sieves
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which component of soil is broken down remains of animals and plants
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organic component
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which component of soil is small pieces of broken down rock
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gravel
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which component of soil is the smallest pieces of broken down rock
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sand
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Soil contains a mixture of _______.
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different particle sizes
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Weathering ____ the process of erosion.
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aids
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does gravity help with the process of physical weathering
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yes. it helps expose more surface area. gravity is one of the most common reasons of why weathering occurs faster.
