A and p – Flashcards

In the sella turcica (hypophyseal fossa) of the skull. Suspended from the brain's hypothalamus by the infundibulum. Has anterior and posterior lobes.

pituitary gland: secretes 9 hormones, and some of these hormones control other glands such as the thyroid gland, mammary gland, ovaries, testes & adrenal gland.

a critical role in connecting the nervous system with the endocrine system.

Posterior Pituitary Gland -Causes reabsorption of extra water from the collecting ducts of the kidney's nephrons back into blood; urine production thus decreases.

Anterior Pituitary Gland -Stimulates cortex of adrenal gland to secrete its hormones.

Regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and other autonomic control systems

a stalk that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus is the passage which pituitary hormones are delivered to the deeper parts of the brain

looksl ike a large pea and is attached to the end of the infundibulum; is controlled by the hypothalamus

part of the epithalamus; a small endocrine gland taht secretes the hormone melatonin

Epinephrine (Adrenalin) and cortisol are hormones which are produced by the adrenal gland, , cortisol is produced by the cortex throughout the day of which the production increases in stressful situations. adrenaline is produced by the medulla, Also while adrenalin is only produced during moments of high amount of stress or excitement

•The anterior pituitary secrete protein hormones. •The posterior pituitary extension of the hypothalamus. It is composed largely of the axons of hypothalamic neurons which extend downward as a large bundle behind the anterior pituitary

There is a special anatomical arrangement between the secretory cell and the target cell.

an organ that secretes hormones, but is better known for another function

releasing hormones : hypothalamus

increased TRH, increased TSH, and increased thyroid hormones

false

hypothalamic tumor secreting large amounts of TRH

consume more energy than it expends

increased epinephrine

synthesis of fatty acids in skeletal muscle

maintenance of blood glucose in a low-glucose meal

T4 : T3 : T4

diffusion : albumin

enhance parasympathetic nervous activity

Hypoglycemia, poor tolerance for stress, elevated plasma potassium levels and cardiac arrhythmias

d) hypothalamic-pituitary portal system

atrial natriuretic peptide

decreased TRH, decreased TSH, and decreased thyroid hormones

in a state of negative energy balance

be converted into fatty acids

glucagon

cortisol

insulin

d)insulin e)epinephrine c)glucagon a) thyroid hormones

Glucose is synthesized by gluconeogenesis and glycolysis and is spared for use by the nervous system.

TSH inhibits the release of TRH

It has opposite effects on urine and plasma osmolarity

The patient is taking thyroid extract

causing GLUTs to be incorporated into the plasma membrane of some cells

alpha : catabolism

a) increased release of amino acid

benhance parasympathetic nervous activity

e) cortisol

d) pancreas e) adrenal cortex a) posterior pituitary b) adrenal medulla

decreased blood glucose, increased sympathetic activity, and increased blood amino acids

a) causing GLUTs to be incorporated into the plasma membrane of some cells

beta : anabolism

supraoptic : hypothalamus

e) corticotropin releasing hormone

a ) It is one of two major regulatory systems of the body b) It is composed of glands that secrete chemical messengers into the blood c) It is an important regulator of homeostatic mechanisms d) It influences and is influenced by the nervous system e) All of the choices are true

Secrete a peptide/protein hormone and secrete by exocytosis

Its secretion and clearance rates and whether or not it binds to carriers and/or other plasma proteins

a) Maintain a stable high concentration of the hormone in the plasma and reduce its clearance rate from plasma b) Reduce the binding of the hormone to its receptors in some cases c) Make the hormone more soluble in aqueous plasma d) Do all of these things e) Do none of these things

a) Are proteins in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm b) Undergo allosteric modulation when they bind to the hormone c) Regulate gene transcription d) Both are proteins in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm and regulate gene transcription are correct e) All of the choices are correct

Permissive

a) Concentration of mineral ions in the blood b) Neural input c) Tropic hormones d) Concentration of mineral ions in the blood and tropic hormones e) All of these things

e) A site of neurohormone release into blood vessels and a major link connecting the nervous and endocrine systems

Erythropoietin

Hypophysiotropic hormones and releasing or release-inhibiting hormones

a) Excessively rapid clearance of cortisol from the circulation b) A tumor of the pituitary gland that secretes excessive amounts of ACTH c) Inactivation of enzymes that are required to synthesize corticosteroids d) Excessively rapid clearance of cortisol from the circulation and a tumor of the pituitary gland that secretes excessive amounts of ACTH e) All of the choices are correct

Increased secretion of corticotropin from the anterior pituitary in response to stress and increased secretion of corticotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus in response to stress

The adrenal gland will atrophy and plasma cortisol levels will be reduced

Vasopressin and oxytocin

The Na/K ATPase

Glucose uptake

It increases one's ability to respond to situations where physical activity is required

a) True

b) False

True

True

True

b) False

a) True

b) False

a) True