chapter 12 quiz and vocab – Flashcards

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock? Select one: A. Liver laceration B. Cardiac tamponade C. Simple pneumothorax D. Spinal cord injury

To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: Select one: A. the skin. B. the heart. C. the brain. D. the lungs.

Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called ________. Select one: A. hypotension B. shock C. perfusion D. hypoxia

Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax? Select one: A. Early administration of high-flow oxygen B. Rapid administration of intravenous fluids C. Decompression of the injured side of the chest D. Positive-pressure ventilation with a bag-valve mask

When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient? Select one: A. En route to the hospital B. Prior to transport C. During the primary assessment D. Immediately after the injuries are discovered

A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival? Select one: A. High-flow oxygen administration B. Full immobilization of her spine C. Intravenous fluid administration D. Rapid transport to a trauma center

Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of: Select one: A. plasma. B. platelets. C. whole blood. D. red blood cells.

What are the three components of the "perfusion triangle"? Select one: A. Arteries, veins, capillaries B. Plasma, red blood cells, platelets C. Heart, brain, lungs D. Heart, blood vessels, blood

In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by: Select one: A. hypovolemia. B. tachycardia. C. diaphoresis. D. hypothermia.

You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________. Select one: A. an increased heart rate B. peripheral vasodilation C. peripheral vasoconstriction D. hypothermia

Your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called ___________. Select one: A. compensated shock B. decompensated shock C. late shock D. irreversible shock

Distributive shock occurs when: Select one: A. an injury causes restriction of the heart muscle and impairs its pumping function. B. severe bleeding causes tachycardia in order to distribute blood to the organs faster. C. temporary but severe vasodilation causes a decrease in blood supply to the brain. D. widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds.

As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be? Select one: A. Check for a pulse. B. Control the bleeding. C. Open the airway. D. Administer oxygen.

Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to ___________. Select one: A. hypovolemic shock B. cardiogenic shock C. neurogenic shock D. septic shock

A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should: Select one: A. apply pressure to the brachial artery. B. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. C. administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. D. wrap the towel with pressure bandages.

Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during: Select one: A. septic shock. B. neurogenic shock. C. cardiogenic shock. D. anaphylactic shock.

When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests with increased tidal volume. B. the older patient's central nervous system usually reacts more briskly to compensate for shock. C. medications older patients take for hypertension often cause an unusually fast heart rate. D. changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting.

Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ________. Select one: A. septic shock B. anaphylactic shock C. neurogenic shock D. psychogenic shock

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. the patient's respirations are deep during the early stages of shock. B. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. C. multiple fractures are the most common cause of hypovolemic shock. D. irreversible shock often responds well to a prompt blood transfusion.

Shock due to severe infection is called ________. Select one: A. septic shock B. neurogenic shock C. anaphylactic shock D. hypovolemic shock

severe shock caused by an allergic reaction

a swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall.

Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output.

A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. it can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions.

the early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss.

A blue skin discoloration that is cased by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood.

the late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling

a condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both

the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area.

a condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 degrees

shock caused by fluid or blood loss.

the ability of the heart muscle to contract.

circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries

shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow int he heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body's tissues.

the flow of blood through body tissues

a collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium

shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes syncope

a blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow

the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures.

shock caused by severe infection, usually bacterial infection.

a condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypo perfusion.

circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening

a fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness.