AP2 Chapter 19 – Flashcards
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Which of the following is not one of the three main factors influencing blood pressure?
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emotional state
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Which of the following chemicals does not help regulate blood pressure?
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nitric acid
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Which statement best describes arteries?
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All carry blood away from the heart.
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Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?
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tunica intima
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Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.
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capillaries
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The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called ________.
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hepatic portal circulation
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The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the ________.
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muscular arteries
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Aldosterone will ________.
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promote an increase in blood pressure
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The pulse pressure is ________.
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systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
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Which of the following signs of hypovolemic shock is a relatively late sign?
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rapidly falling blood pressure
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Which of the following is likely during vigorous exercise?
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Capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood
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Which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels?
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The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter.
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Which of the following is true about veins?
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Veins are called capacitance vessels or blood reservoirs.
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Which of the following processes provides a long-term response to changes in blood pressure?
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renal regulation
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Peripheral resistance ________.
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increases as blood viscosity increases
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Brain blood flow autoregulation ________.
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is abolished when abnormally high CO2 levels persist
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Blood flow to the skin ________.
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increases when environmental temperature rises
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Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?
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hydrostatic and osmotic pressure
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Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?
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vascular, due to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone
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Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation?
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tunica media
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The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is ________.
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significant because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius
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The form of circulatory shock known as hypovolemic shock is ________.
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shock that results from large-scale loss of blood volume, or after severe vomiting or diarrhea
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In the dynamics of blood flow through capillaries, hydrostatic pressure ________.
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is the same as capillary blood pressure
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The hepatic portal vein ________.
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carries nutrient-rich blood to the liver
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The term ductus venosus refers to ________.
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a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver
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Which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable?
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Low blood pressure is more desirable than high blood pressure.
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Which of the choices below does not involve tissue perfusion?
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blood clotting
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Which of the following do not influence arterial pulse rate?
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the vessel selected to palpate
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Which of the following are involved directly in pulmonary circulation?
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right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and left atrium
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Histologically, the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.
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tunica intima
