Chapter 27 – Flashcards

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question
The dartos and cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about the role they play?
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They regulate the temperature of the testes.
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The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________.
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peristaltic contractions
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The ability of a male to ejaculate is due to the action of ________.
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the bulbospongiosus muscles
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The most important risk for testicular cancer in young males is ________.
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nondescent of the testes
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Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the synthesis of semen?
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the seminal vesicles
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Which of the following hormones controls the release of anterior pituitary gonadotropins?
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GnRH
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Development of male reproductive structures depends on which of the following events?
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secretion of male hormones prenatally and lasting into the first few months after birth
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The primary function of the uterus is to ________.
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receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum
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Why is the blood-testis barrier important?
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because spermatozoa and developing cells produce surface antigens that are recognized as foreign by the immune system
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The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called the ________.
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fallopian tubes
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If gametes were diploid like somatic cells, how many chromosomes would the zygote contain?
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twice the diploid number, and with every succeeding generation, the chromosome number would continue to double and normal development could not occur
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Human egg and sperm are similar in that ________.
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they have the same number of chromosomes
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The constancy of the chromosome number from one cell generation to the next is maintained through ________.
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meiosis
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Fertilization generally occurs in the ________.
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fallopian tubes
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Spermiogenesis involves the ________.
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formation of a functional sperm by the stripping away of superfluous cytoplasm
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All of the following can be considered male secondary sex characteristics except the ________.
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development of testes as opposed to ovaries
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In humans, separation of the cells at the two-cell state following fertilization may lead to the production of twins, which in this case would be ________.
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identical
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Characteristics of the mature sperm include the ________.
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presence of Y chromosomes in approximately half the sperm
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How do the testes respond to exposure to excessive body warmth?
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They move away from the pelvic cavity.
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Effects of estrogen include ________.
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growth of the breasts at puberty
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Secretion of progesterone stimulates ________.
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preparation of the mammary glands for lactation
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Which of the following statements about sperm is not true?
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They are sluggish in an alkaline environment.
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The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________.
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interstitial cells
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The testicular cells that construct the blood-testis barrier are the ________.
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sustentacular cells
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Which of the following occurs as a result of undescended testes?
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Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced.
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Erection of the penis results from ________.
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a parasympathetic reflex
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Which is not a part of the proliferative phase of the female menstrual cycle?
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corpus luteum
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Which of the choices below is not a function of the vagina?
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serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte
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Select the correct statement about male sexual response.
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Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood.
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Which of the choices below is not a function of testosterone?
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stimulates mammary gland development
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Which male hormone inhibits the secretion of FSH?
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inhibin
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During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle ________.
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progesterone levels are at their highest
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Select the correct statement about the uterine cycle.
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If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo.
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Which of the choices below is not a part of the brain-testicular axis?
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thalamus
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Which of the following statements is true concerning the mammary glands of both males and females?
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The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system.
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Normally menstruation occurs when ________.
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blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
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The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ________.
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in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell
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Occasionally three polar bodies are found clinging to the mature ovum. One came from an unequal division of the ovum, but from where did the other two arise?
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The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies.
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Which of the following will occur after ovulation?
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The endometrium enters its secretory phase.
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Why doesn't semen enter the urinary bladder during ejaculation?
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The smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes.
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Spermatogenesis ________.
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involves a kind of cell division limited to the gametes
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Which hormone is absolutely necessary for ovulation to occur?
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LH
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The brain-testicular axis ________.
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involves FSH and LH release
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Select the correct statement about testosterone control.
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GnRH from the hypothalamus causes FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary.
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Which of the following is a correct statement about uterine tubes?
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The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary.
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Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle.
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High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release.
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Which of these statements about sexually transmitted infections is false?
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Syphilis is caused by a virus that may lead to death if untreated.
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Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is not true?
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Each spermatid forms two sperm.
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A boy who has not passed through puberty sustains an injury to his anterior pituitary such that FSH is no longer released, but LH is normal. After he grows to maturity, one would expect that he would ________.
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be sterile
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Which of the following statements about the female reproductive process is not true?
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Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin.
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A low secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal male adult would cause ________.
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decreased testosterone secretion
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All of the following statements referring to the uterine cycle are true except ________.
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FSH and LH directly promote development of the uterine endometrium
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Which of the following phases or processes in the monthly reproductive cycle of the female occur simultaneously?
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regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion
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The duct system of the male reproductive system does not include the ________.
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corpus spongiosum
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An ovulating oocyte is actually activated by hormones about ________ days before ovulation.
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110
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Prostate cancer is _______.
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sometimes a slow-growing cancer that may never represent a threat to the patient
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