MIS Exam 2 – Flashcards
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Bits are used for computer data because they ______
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Are easy to represent electronically (a bit is either a zero or 1)
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Bits are grouped into 8-bit chunks called ______
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Bytes (8-bit chunk=1 byte)
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To run a program or process data, the computer first transfers the program or data from disk to the _________
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Main Memory
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Which of the following is non-volatile in nature?
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Magnetic and optical discs are non-volatile which means their contents survive when power is off. Saving to USB or disk
(CACHE AND MAIN MEMORY ARE VOLATILE..their contents are lost when power is off)
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Server Farms are used when the ________
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They are organized into a collection of servers . They process and receive thousands of service requests per minute. Computers hand-off partially processed requests from each other while keeping track of each current status of each request. Amazon can process 110 order items per second
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Which of the following is an example of cloud computing?
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Form of hardware/software leasing in which organizations obtain server resources from vendors that specialize in server processing. Allows multiple org. to utilize the same computing infrastructure. (Examples: PSU for class registration, oracle, facebook, IBM, google docs and spread sheets)
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Which of the following is one of the functions of an application program?
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NOT ON TEST
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____ are commands that the CPU can process that may be specific for each processor type
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Instruction Sets
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When you buy an OS for your personal computer, you are actually buying a software _____
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license
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Ronald runs both windows 7 and Linux on his desktop computer. This process is called _____
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PC virtualization
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Which of the following is an example of a vertical-market software?
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Software serves the needs of a specific industry. Examples are: dental office to schedule appointments and bill patients, auto mechanics to keep track of customer data and repairs, inventory tracking in warehouses (these are all specific softwares
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DenTimes, a software package for dentists, is an example of a ______
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vertical market application software
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Which of the following statements is true of firmware?
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It is a computer software installed into devices such as printers, print servers, and various types of communication devices. The software is coded just like other softwares, but installed into special, read-only memory of the printer or other devices. Program becomes the devices memory, users do not need to load firmware into the devices memory. Firmware can be changed or upgraded.
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Which of the following is an example of a closed source project?
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(Microsoft Office) The source code is highly protected and only available to trusted employees and carefully vetted contractors. (Source code is a computer code written and understood by humans). Only those trusted programmers can make changes.
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The term "open source" means that the source code of the program is ______
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Available to the public. (Available to users in source code form)
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Which of the following is likely to be used by organizations with limited budgets?
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Organizations with limited budgets might choose Linux with Ubuntu and Open Office on clients, but this is rare. Med/Small organizations usually standardize on single client operating system. Page 15 chapter 4 notes
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A business manager typically has NO role in the specification of _______, other than possibly approving the budget
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Server Hardware
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Which of the following devices is used during the processing stage?
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CPU, Main Memory
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Which of the following is an input hardware device?
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Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, UPC reader, Microphone, Still Camera, Video Camera
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A _______ is equivalent to 1,024 bytes
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Kilobyte (K)
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The operating system employs _____ so that users can run multiple applications and files at the same time.
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Memory swapping
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Which of the following terms refers to a collection of servers?
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Server Farms
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A network of computers that appears to operate as an integrated whole is known as a(n) _____
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Grid Computing
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Which of the following is a program that controls the computers resources?
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Operating System (OS)
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Linux is an example of _________
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Linux (OS)-A version of Unix that is an example of an open source community
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Virtualization is the process where _____
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One computer hosts the appearance of many computers (two OS systems). Cloud computing is feasible because cloud vendors harness the power of virtualization.
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Which of the following is most likely to be the last choice alternative when deciding to acquire an application software?
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In-house development (used only when there is no other option)
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A client-server application that requires nothing more than a browser is called a ______.
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Thin-Client
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Development costs of an information system include ______.
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Hardware purchases, software licenses, project costs for custom software, data conversion costs, design, development, documentation, initial training costs (page 114).
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In a database system, a ______ is the smallest piece of data
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Character (byte)
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Which of the following is an example of a database product?
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NOT ON TEST
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Which of the following is a developmental task of a database administrator?
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Create and staff DBA function, form steering committee, specify requirements, validate data model, evaluate application design
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Identify an adaptation task of a database administrator
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Set up request tracking system (develop system to record/prioritize requests for change
Manage configuration change (manage impact of database structure changes on applications and users)
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A ______ is a collection of forms, reports, queries, and programs that process a database
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Database application
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Brenda wants to find a particular report containing sales analyses of the second and third quarter. After accessing the DBMS, she should type in the keyword into a ______ form to locate what she is looking for.
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Query
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A hospital is using a software to analyze treatment regimen and recovery times. The software relates the dosages, regularity, and therapeutic procedures to the time taken by patients segmented across age- and illness-groups. This software is an example of a(n) ________.
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Application program
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The ______ problem is unique to a multi-user database environment
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Lost-update problem
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Which of the following is true of N:M relationships?
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One adviser can have many students and one student can have many advisers. More than one entity is allowed on each side of the relationship and that number of entities on each side can be different. N:M is also maximum cardinality which is the maximum # of entities involved in a relationship shown by crows feet.
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If a student is allowed to have multiple majors and advisers are assigned to handle multiple students, it would be an example of a ________ relationship.
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N:M relationship (many-many)
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Which of the following is true about the database development process?
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NOT ON TEST
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One of the procedures of a collaboration project is task status reporting. This is performed in the ________ phase of the project.
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NOT ON TEST
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A byte is a ______.
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character of data
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A collection of similar records is called a(n)________.
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Table or File
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A ________ is a column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table.
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Key
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Metadata are ________.
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Data that describe data
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Which of the following is a program used to create, process, and administer a database?
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Database Management System (DBMS)
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SQL is a(n) ________.
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International standard language for processing a database. All 5 of the DBMS products mentioned earlier accept and process SQL statements. "Structured Query Language"
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________ are used to read, insert, modify, and delete data.
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Database Management Systems
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DBMS products are broadly classified into ________.
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Enterprise DBMS and Personal DBMS
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Entities have ________ that describe the characteristics of the entity.
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Attributes
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Each entity in a database has a unique attribute called ________.
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Identifiers
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In an entity-relationship diagram, a line between two entities represents a ________.
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Relationship
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Minimum cardinalities are ________.
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Constraints on minimum requirements. What is the minimum number of entities required in a relationship?
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________ is the process of converting a data model into tables, relationships, and data constraints.
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Database Design
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________ is the process of converting a poorly structured table into two or more well-structured tables.
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Normalization
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Every table in a normalized database has ________.
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Tables such that every table has a single topic or theme. Normalized tables do not have data integrity problems.
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Which of the following statements is true about UTP cables?
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Most LAN connections are made using UTP cables (unshielded twisted pair). This cable contains sets of wires that are twisted together to improve signal quality. If connection carries a lot of traffic, UTP can be replaced by optical fiber cables.
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A computer ________ is a collection of computers that communicate with one another over transmission lines.
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Network
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A(n) ________ is a set of rules that two communicating devices follow.
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Protocol
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The various computers and printers on a LAN are connected to a ________,which is a special-purpose computer that receives and transmits wired traffic on the LAN.
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Switch
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The hardware component that connects a printer's circuitry to the network is called a(n) ________.
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Network Interface Card (NIC)
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Which of the following statements is true for the TCP/IP protocol architecture?
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Scheme of 5 protocol types arranged in layers
Top Layer- protocols for applications like browsers and web browsers (program to program, enables communication amount programs) Ex: HTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP.
Next 2 Layers-Protocols about data communication across any internet (names are transport, internet) Reliable internet transport (TCP) and internet routing (IP)
Last 2 layers-Protocols containing data transmission within a network (names are network, two devices) Flow among switches/access points (IEEE 802.3 (wired) and IEEE 802.11 (wireless))
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A(n) ________ is a piece of a message that is handled by programs that implement IP.
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Packet
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A ________ is a worldwide-unique identification label that is affiliated with a public IP address.
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Domain Name
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A(n) ________ uses the Internet or other internet to create the appearance of private, point-to-point connections.
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Virtual Private Network (VPN)
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A ________ is a computing device that prevents unauthorized network access.
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Firewall
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The IEEE 802.3 protocol standard is also known as ________.
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Ethernet
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Which of the following statements is true about the IEEE 802.11 protocol?
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Wireless LAN connections use the IEEE 802.11 protocol. WNICs operate according to the 802.11 protocol, and connect to wireless access point. Transmitting data over short distances, wireless mice, keyboards, and cell phones.
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IEEE 802.11g protocol allows speeds of up to ________.
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54 Mbps
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Which of the following statements about LAN protocols is true?
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NOT ON TEST
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Which of the following statements is true about access points?
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WNIC devices connect to access points. They are components of the LAN device that process wireless traffic and communicate with the wired switch. Every device on the LAN can communicate with every other device. Wireless devices communicate with each other via the access point.
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Which of the following is a function of an ISP?
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A company that provides customers access to the internet. Provides legitimate internet address. Serves as gateway to internet. You pay for internet access. Alternatives for a WAN.
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Which of the following is true of DSL modems?
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First modem type, stands for digital subscriber line. They operate on the same lines as voice telephones, but they operate so that their signals do not interfere with the voice telephone service. They do not interfere with telephone lines, so DSL data transmission and telephone conversations can occur simultaneously. Use own protocols for data transmission. Gradations of DSL service and speed. Most home DSL lines can download data at speeds ranging from 256 Kbps to 6.44 Mbps and can upload data of lower speeds
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What is the performance guarantee offered by SDSL connections?
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Offer the same fast speed in both directions
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The protocols used on the Internet are arranged according to a structure known as the ________ protocol architecture.
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TCP/IP
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The IEEE 802.3 and 802.11 protocols ________.
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Operate at the bottom 2 layers. LAN device translates between both of them. Layer 1 (PHYSICAL), Scope is 2 devices, hardware specifications is their purpose.
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The application layer of the TCP/IP protocol architecture ________.
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Layer 5 (top layer) with a program to program scope. Purpose is to enable communications amongst programs. Examples are: HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, FTP
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In which of the following cases is a user using the Internet, but not the Web?
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When you send a file using FTP, you are using the Internet, but not the web. Web browsers use HTTP and HTTPS, the other things (mail or files) dont use the web. Internet is no app layer.
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Which of the following protocols guarantees a secure transmission?
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HTTPS, TCP
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The ________ layer of the TCP/IP protocol architecture is said to provide reliable internet transport.
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Transport or 4th layer
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The primary protocol of the Internet layer of the TCP/IP protocol architecture is called ________.
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IP
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Private IP addresses ________.
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Identify a particular device on a private network usually on a LAN. Their assignment is controlled with the LAN. Example: coffee shop gives you a private IP address on the LAN device.
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Which of the following is true for private IP addresses?
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When your computer uses TCP/IP within a LAN, say to access a private web server with the LAN, it uses a private IP address. When you access a public site within the LAN, your traffic uses your internal IP address until it gets to the LAN device. At that point, the LAN device substitutes your private IP address for its public IP address and sends your traffic onto the internet. By using private IP addresses, you need not register a public IP address for your computer.
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________ are programs that run on a server-tier computer and that manage HTTP traffic by sending and receiving Web pages to and from clients.
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Web servers
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A(n) ________ contains the URL of the Web page to find when the user clicks it.
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Hyperlink
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The connection between the VPN client and VPN server is called a(n) ________.
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Tunnel
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Which of the following is true about virtual private networks?
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NOT ON TEST
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________ communications are secure, even though they are transmitted over the Internet.
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VPN
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A(n) ________ firewall examines each part of the message and decides whether it will let that part pass through to the network.
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Packet-Filtering
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Packet-filtering firewalls perform all of the following except ________.
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This is what they actually do: Examine each part of a message and determine whether to let it pass. Examine the source address, the destination address, and other data. Can prohibit outsiders from starting a session with any user behind the firewall. Disallow traffic from particular sites, such as known hacker addresses. Can prohibit traffic from legitimate, but unwanted addresses, such as competitor's computers. Keep employees from accessing specific sites, such as competitor sites, sites with pornographic material, or popular news sites.
