MasteringBiology Chapter 5 – Flashcards
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The eukaryotic cell has multiple membrane-enclosed compartments. This evolutionary innovation provides what advantage to the cell?
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The different membrane-enclosed spaces allow different parts of the cell to perform specific functions.
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Frequently, transplante organs are rejected by the recipent's body. How is this reaction related to the plasma membrane?
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Each person has a unique set of carbohydrate chains attached to his or her plasma membranes.
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Overall, membranes seem to have a great deal in common, but on closer inspection it is revealed that membranes of different cells have unique properties. What is the primary component of membranes that gives membranes cell-specific properties?
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Proteins
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The lipids in a cell membrane are arranged how?
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So that the nonpolar parts of two lipids point towards each other.
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The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Which of the following can pass freely through the membrane with no assistance?
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Oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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Fluidity of an animal cell plasma membrane is enhanced by __________.
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Cholesterol molecules
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When considering the formation of membranes, they __________.
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Form spontaneously in aqueous environments.
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In an oil-based, non-polar environment, phospholipids would arrange themselves so that they
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Would stay together, but in reverse orientation, with their tails projecting outward.
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The movement of atoms, ions, or molecules from a region of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration is called
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Diffusion
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What controls the direction of molecules, such as oxygen, involved in passive transport?
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The direction of the oxygen concentrated gradient.
