CHM 125 Chapter 5 Nuclear Chemistry – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
What is the nuclear symbol for a radioactive isotope of copper with a mass number of 60?
answer
60/29 Cu
question
The nuclear symbol of helium, 4/2 He is also the symbol for designating a(n)
answer
alpha particle
question
Which of the following types of radiation has the highest energy?
answer
y-rays
question
The damaging effects of radiation on the body are a result of?
answer
the formation of unstable ions.
question
Which of the following is suitable as a minmum shielding for beta particles?
answer
gloves
question
For 85/38 Sr, there are
answer
38 protons and 47 neutrons
question
Which is not a way to minimize your exposure to radiation?
answer
staying a longer time
question
A positron is a particle emitted from the nucleus that has the same mass as a(n)
answer
electron but has a positive charge
question
The process in which a nucleus spontaneously breaks down by emitting radiation is known as
answer
radioactive decay
question
Gamma rays require the heaviest shielding of all the common types of nuclear radiation because gamma rays habe the
answer
highest energy
question
A nuclear equation is balanced when
answer
the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers of the particles and atoms are the same on both sides of the equation
question
In the nuclear equation of beta decay
answer
the new nucleus contains 1 more proton
question
the nuclear reaction: 126/50 Sn >>>126/51 Sb + ? is an example of ?
answer
Beta decay
question
The unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material is called the
answer
Rad
question
A person begins to suffer radiation sickness at exposure levels of
answer
100 REM
question
One symptom of mild radiation sickness is
answer
a lowered white cell count
question
The half life of a radioisotope is
answer
The time it takes for one half of the sample to decay
question
Krypton -79 has a half life of 35 h. How many half lives have passed after 105 h?
answer
3 half lives
question
Sodium 24 has a half life of 15 h. How many hours is three half lives?
answer
45 Hours
question
Why is it important that radioisotopes used in diagnostic tests have short half lives?
answer
The minimizes the harmful side effects of the radiation
question
An imaging technique that detects the energy absorbed by hydrogen atoms in a magentic field is known as
answer
Magnetic resonance imaging MRI
question
The most widely used medical isotope in nuclear medicine is
answer
Tc-99m
question
When an atom of uranium 235 is bombarded with neutrons, it splits into smaller nuclei and produces a great amount of energy. this nuclear process is called
answer
fission
question
A large nucleus is split into smaller nuclei
answer
Fission
question
Very high temperatures must be achieved to initiate the reaction
answer
Fusion
question
This nuclear process provides the energy of the sun
answer
Fusion
question
This process produces radioactive by products
answer
Fission
question
Large amounts of energy are released
answer
Fission and Fusion
question
Two small nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus
answer
Fusion
