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client-centered therapy

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humanistic therapy, developed by Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate the client's growth

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systematic desensatization

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type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli

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aversive conditioning

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type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

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eclectic approach

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approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the person's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

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psychotherapy

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emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

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cognitive-behavior therapy

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integrated therapy that combine changing self-defeating thinking with changing inappropriate behaviors

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token economy

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operant conditioning procedure that attempts to modify behavior by rewarding desired behaviors with some small item

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cognitive therapy

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therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting

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active listening

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empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies

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Sigmund Freud

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founder of psychoanalysis

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psychoanalysis

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Freud's theory of personality and therapeautic technique that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts

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Carl Rogers

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humanistic psychologist who developed client-centered therapy

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interpretation

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in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting of ideas on th meaning behind dreams, resistances, and other significant behaviors to promote insight

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resistance

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in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

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tranference

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in psychoanalysis, the patient' tranfer of strong emotions (such as love or hatred) linked with other relationships to the analyst

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behavior therapy

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therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

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family therapy

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therapy that views an individual's unwanted behavior as influenced by or directed at other members of the family and attempts to guide the family toward positive relationships and improved communication

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less expensive, help more people in less time, people find others with same problem, groups provide sense of community

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4 advantages that group therapy has over individual therapy

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psychoanalytic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive

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4 types of psychotherapy

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psychological problems are caused by repressed memories from childhood, therapist must bring thoughts into conscious to help and solve problem

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2 assumptions of psychoanalysis

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free association

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Freudian technique of discovering the unconscious mind- where the patient relazes and says whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or embarrassing

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psychoanalytic influence

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few therapists follow strict Freudian therapy, heavily influenced other types of therapy (interpersonal therapy)

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psychodynamic perspective

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modern approach to the psychoanalytic influence

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humanistic therapy

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therapy that aims to promote self-fulfillment by increasin self-acceptance and self-awareness

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fosters growth, not relives focuses on present and future, not past emphasizes on conscious thoughts, not unconscious

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humanistic compared to psychoanalysis (3 things)

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empathy, genuineness, acceptance

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three attributes needed for active listening

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paraphrasing, clarifying, reflecting feelings

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three techniques that active listening includes

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classical conditioning

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type of learning in which we associate two things that occur together

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progressive relaxation

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you learn to relax different sets of muscle groups until you approach a near-complete state of relaxation

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systematic desensatization, aversive conditioning, virtual technology therapy

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three things under classical conditioning

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operant conditioning

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operates environment to gain reward or punishment (dog's perspective when training it)

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explanatory style

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personal outlook on life (positive or negative)

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constructive

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failed test - internal beliefs = test did not cover what I studied. I should have studied harder. - no depression

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destructive

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failed test - internal beliefs = I'm stupid. I'm worthless. It's hopeless. - feelings of depression

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cognitive, interpersonal, behavior

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three therapies that work best for depression

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cognitive-behavior

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therapy that works well for the eating disorder bullimia

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behavior modification

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what works best for enuresis (bed wetting)

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therapeautic touch therapy

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therapy in which therapists more their hands above the person's body to "push energy fields into balance" (don't actually touch the body) believe energy fields help cure burns, headaches, cancer, and other ailments (PLACEBO)

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light exposure therapy

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therapy that uses light boxes to increase your exposure to light and brighten your winter days

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seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

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"wintertime blahs" or "cold weather blues" from not seeing sunlight in winter

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