Articulation: Speech sound assessment procedures – Flashcards
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Screening (formal/informal)
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Mommy speech articulation screener
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Fluharty Speech and language screening
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Evaluation, assessment, diagnostic (formal/informal)
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Treatment, intervention, therapy
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Speech sound sampling
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-assessment of a childs phonological or articulatory system Includes assesment of: -articulation -phonological
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Informal analyses of speech sound sampling:
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-Relational analysis -Independent analysis
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Relational analysis
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Childs system compared to an adults
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Independent analysis
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Childs system compared to self, not to adults
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Phonological assessment
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Describes phonological status and determines: -if speech sound system is diff enough from normal development for intervention - treatment direction -prognostic statements -change in phonological performance -factors that may contribute to or maintain SSD
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Screening for SSDs
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-quick procedure to determine if further evaluations are needed -include stimulus items for all areas of communication -most time efficient -CANNOT BE USED TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY -pass/fail results -numerical results for standardized screening
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Comprehensive speech sound assessment
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-comprehensive diagnosis -comprehensive evaluation -evaluation -speech sound system tested and analyzed thoroughly -other areas also screened/tested -multiple components
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Comprehensive speech sound assessment components:
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-case history/ observation/ interview -hearing screening -oral mech screening -speech/language sample (connected) -single word citation (articulation/phonological assessment or both) -stimulability -contextual testing -error pattern analysis -speech sound discrimination testing -voice -fluency -pragmatics -language screening/ evaluation -literacy screening/evaluation
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Connected/conversational sampling
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-gauge speech productions in a natural context
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Used to gather information in connected/conversational sampling:
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-MLU -TTR -voice -fluency -intelligibility -severity (PCC) -pragmatics
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GFTA-2
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Test that provides subtest for and directions for eliciting connected speech
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Methods for connected/conversational sampling:
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-tell a story -describe a sequenced event -retell movie -using picture stimuli
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Single-word/ citation form sampling
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-asses speech production in single words -tests in prevocalic, intervocalic, postvocalic positions -obtained by articulation or phonological test
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Stimulability testing
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-only completed on sounds in error -isolation, syllables, words, sentences -directions on how to produce the sound not given -modeling or spontaneous
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Stimulability testings is used to:
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-determine if sound will develop without intervention -determine type/level of instruction to begin with -predict occurrence and nature of generalization
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Contextual testing
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-consistency of errors varies -errors may change based on context(single-word vs. Conversation & high vowel vs. Low vowel)
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Standardized tests for contextual testing
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Deep test of articulation Ex: rat, road, rub, rainbow
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Informal contextual testing
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Entire world of /r/
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Error pattern analysis/identification
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-Identify phonological patterns based on speech sound errors -describes child's phonological system -assist in target selection of child is diagnosed with phonological disorder
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Skip error pattern analysis/ identification if...
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Completing a standardized phonological assessment
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t/k=
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Speech sound error (Velar fronting)
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Occurrence
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40% for the process/pattern to be considered active *70% for gliding patterns to be active
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Case history
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-include observations -includes interview
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Oral cavity examination
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-oral mechanism exam/oral mech exam/cranial nerve exam/oral motor exam/ oral peripheral exam
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Important characteristics to look at in oral cavity examination
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-symmetry, color and appearance of structures, range of motion, and strength
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Structures involved in oral cavity examination
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-lips -hard palate -soft palate -teeth (dentition) -fauces -pharynx -tongue
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Audiological screening
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-Screen hearing using audiometer -if child fails at any levels refer to audiologist for hearing/audiological evaluation -cease testing if child fails
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Completion of audiological screening
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FIRST IN BATTERY OF ASSESSMENTS
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Appropriate dB levels used for audiological screening
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-20dB -500dB -1000dB -2000dB -4000dB *use 25dB for noisy environments
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Impedance screening
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Tests movement of eardrum *use tympanometer
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Speech sound perception/ discrimination testing
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*OPTIONAL -assesses child's perception of articulation errors *goldman fristoe - woodcock test of auditory discrimination
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Speech sound perception/ discrimination testing example
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Wake-rake-lake= Error, correct, control
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Speech sound perception/discrimination testing: Three or more errors =
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Discrimination difficulties *if on control, then possible difficulty understanding directions
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Voice skills
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Observe clients vocal quality while obtaining language sample during observations
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Voice skills: identify if voice is
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Raspy, hoarse, glottal fry, aphonic *if significant issue is observed a referral must be made to ENT to rule out, cease testing
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Fluency skills
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-observe during observations and/or speech-language sample
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If child uses disfluencies account for this on
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Speech/language sample
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If disfluencies are outside normal range:
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Conduct fluency evaluation
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Choosing an assessment:
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-sample obtained -material presentation -scoring and analysis -phonologic assessment
