Cell Cycle Bio 1330 – Flashcards
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Nucleoli are present during _____.
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interphase
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Cytokinesis often, but not always, accompanies _____.
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telophase
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Chromosomes become visible during _____.
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Prophase
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Centromeres divide and sister chromatids become full-fledged chromosomes during _____.
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anaphase
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During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles.
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anaphase
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During prophase a homologous pair of chromosomes consists of _____.
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two chromosomes and four chromatids
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Which of these phases encompasses all of the stages of mitosis?
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mitosis
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During _____ both the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided.
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mitotic phase
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During _____ the cell grows and replicates both its organelles and its chromosomes.
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interphase
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Which event does not take place before the start of mitosis?
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The nuclear envelope disintegrates
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True or false? Mitosis takes place during M phase, which is the longest phase of the cell cycle.
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False
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Which term describes two recently replicated DNA strands that are joined together just before cell division?
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Sister chromatids
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During which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up in the center of the cell?
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Metaphase
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During which substage of mitosis do sister chromatids break apart and start moving to opposite poles of the cell?
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Anaphase
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To which part of the centromere do mitotic spindle fibers attach during prometaphase?
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Kinetochore
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Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the disintegration of mitotic spindles and the formation of two new nuclear membranes?
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Telophase
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UV light testosterone cigarette smoke fat
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all of the above are carcinogens
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_____ is a carcinogen that promotes colon cancer.
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fat
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Mitotic spindle fibers are composed of what cellular components?
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Microtubules
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The G1 checkpoint of mitosis will be passed if _____________________.
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cell size is adequate
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How does a nucleus in G2 differ from a nucleus in G1?
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The G2 nucleus has double the amount of DNA as the G1 nucleus
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Many cancers are due to the failure of cells to properly regulate the ________ checkpoint during the cell cycle.
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G1 --- cells that have passed the G1 checkpoint are committed to replicating their DNA and dividing
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The consequence of E2F inactivation is that __________.
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cells are unable to enter the S phase
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A certain species of animal has six pairs of chromosomes. How many sister chromatids do the nuclei of this animal's cells have during the G2 phase?
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24
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Which of the following conditions will most likely prevent a cell from passing the G1 checkpoint?
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DNA is damaged
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What role(s) do gap phases play in the cell cycle?
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They allow cells to replicate organelles and manufacture additional cytoplasm.
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Which statement is correct concerning the relationship between chromosomes and either genes, chromatin, or sister chromatids?
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Each replicated chromosome consists of two sister chromatids.
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The product of the p53 gene _____.
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inhibits the cell cycle
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Tumor suppressor genes ________.
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encode proteins that help prevent uncontrolled cell growth
