Ch. 11 Test – Flashcards
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The meatus of the urethra is a/an:
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opening
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The inability to voluntarily retain urine is:
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incontinence
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Drugs such as Detrol that decrease the contractions of smooth muscle are helpful in treating:
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overactive bladder
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What is an x-ray exam of the urinary system using a contrast media?
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IVP
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A nephropexy is done to correct:
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nephroptosis
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What finding in a UA would indicate the presence of a UTI?
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pyuria
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A plural of glomerulus is:
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glomeruli
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If a pt. is taking a diuretic drug such as Lasix, it will be necessary to replace K lost in the urine with the medication:
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K-Dur
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A pt. has a large kidney stone that is obstructing the flow of urine, resulting in backup of urine in the ureter and into the kidney. This is known as:
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hydroureter
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The condition __________ may be found in a diabetic pt. who metabolizes fats instead of glucose for energy.
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ketonuria
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What is true about a renal scan?
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uses a radioactive isotope injected IV uses radioactive particles and a scanner to create an image is used to look for signs and rejection of a transplanted kidney
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Stress __________ occurs in a women when she laughs, coughs or sneezes causing her to involuntarily pass some urine.
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incontinence
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A small area behind the abdominal cavity that is filled with fatty tissues around the kidney is known as the:
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retroperitoneal space
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What x-ray procedure is used in which the x-rays are taken as the urinates and expels a contrast media that was previously inserted into the bladder?
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VCUG
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The urinary catheter that is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to remain for a period of time is a:
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Foley catheter
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An ongoing life-saving procedure that is used to treat ESRD is:
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hemodialysis
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What are examples of drugs that would be prescribed to treat a UTI?
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Macrobid and Macrodantin
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A person with uremia would have a higher than normal level for what lab test?
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BUN
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What cancer of the kidney is found in children?
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Wilms' and nephroblastoma
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In addition to creating and excreting urine to rid the body of wastes, the kidneys also influence:
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RBC production BP the pH of the blood
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Two combining forms that mean bladder are cyst/o and:
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vesic/o-
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In what renal disease do substances from the immune response to streptococcus bacteria collect in the capillary network of the nephron?
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glomerulonephritis
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A urinometer or a refractometer is used to measure the __________.
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specific gravity
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Epispadias or hypospadias is corrected surgically with a:
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urethroplasty
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What is the indentation where the renal artery enters, and renal vein exit the kidney?
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hilium
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What tube connects the bladder to the outside of the body?
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urethra
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What area of the kidney includes the cortex and medulla?
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parenchyma
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What process involves contractions of smooth muscle that propels urine through the ureter?
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peristalsis
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What word means pertaining to the bladder?
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vesical
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A kidney stone is also called a/an:
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calculus
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Damage to the pores of the capillaries of the glomeruli that allows large amounts of albumin to leak into the urine, decreasing the amt. of protein in the blood, is:
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nephrotic syndrome
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The abbreviation ARF means:
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acute renal failure
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An excessive amt. of urea in the blood because of renal failure is known as:
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uremia
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What is another name for nephroblastoma?
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Wilms' tumor
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A hernia in which the bladder bulges through a weakness in the muscular wall of the vagina or rectum is known as:
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cystocele
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The formation of an abnormal passageway connecting the bladder to the vagina is:
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a vesicovaginal fistula
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What is a congenital condition in which the male urethral meatus is incorrectly located on the upper surface of the shaft of the penis?
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epispadias
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Involuntary urination during sleep is known as:
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enuresis
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Absence of urine production by the kidney is known as:
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anuria
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Difficulty or painful urination is known as:
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dysuria
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Blood in the urine is known as:
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hematuria
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Glucose in the urine is known as:
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glycosuria
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A decreased amt. of K in the blood due to a diuretic drug is known as:
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hypokalemia
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What blood test measures the amt. of urea?
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BUN
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What procedure uses sound waves to create an image of a kidney stone?
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ultrasonography
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What type of dialysis allows the pt. to be ambulatory?
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CAPD
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What type of drug treats hypertension by blocking NA from being absorbed from the tubule back into the blood?
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diuretic drug
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Waste products excreted by the kidney does not include the:
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nephron
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What is not filtered out of the blood by the glomerulus?
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RBC
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What words do not refer to the process of eliminating urine?
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reabsorption
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Enlargement of the kidney due to constant pressure from backed up urine is called:
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hydronephrosis
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Inflammation and infection of the pelves of the kidneys is known as:
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pyelonephritis
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What is NOT true regarding chronic renal failure?
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it develops rapidly, sometimes due to trauma
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What type of renal CA occurs in children and arises from residual embryonic or fetal tissue?
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Wilms' tumor
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What procedure uses x-rays/CT to create multiple images as "slices" through the kidney?
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nephrotomography
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What dipstick test of the urine gives immediate result indicating if the pt. has a UTI?
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leukocyte esterase
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If the BP decreases, the kidneys produce:
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concentrated urine w/less H2O in it
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A congenital disease, such as epispadias, means that the disease is:
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present at birth
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What flexible tube drains urine that is inserted through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone?
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suprapubic catheter
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When does a nurse measure the amt. of urine produced and the amt. of fluid taken in by a pt?
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I&O
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What surgical procedure removes a severly damaged kidney from a pt. w/end-stage kidney failure and inserts a new kidney from a donor?
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nephrectomy, transplantation
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What word means the functional area of the kidney that contains many nephrons?
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parenchyma
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What is the correct order for the process of producing urine?
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filtration, collection of filtrate, reabsorption, excretion of urine
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E coli is the most common cause of:
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UTI
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The functional unit of the kidney is known as the:
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nephron
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Placing a tube into the bladder in order to drain the urine is called:
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catheterization
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A KUB is a type of:
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x-ray w/o contrast media
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An empty bladder collapses into folds called:
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rugae
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The pH of the urine is related to the:
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acidity or alkalinity
