16.10 Providing First Aid for Specific Injuries – Flashcards
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Injuries to the eye always involve the danger of ______. A top priority of first aid care is to obtain the assistance of _____, preferably a/ an _____.
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vision loss; medical staff; eye specialist
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Briefly describe two techniques that can be used to remove a foreign object that is floating free in the eye
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* prevent the victim from rubbing their eye * wash your hands thoroughly * gently draw the upper lid down over the lower lid * use your thumb and forefinger to grasp the eyelashes and gently raise the upper lid
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If an object is embedded in the eye, what first aid care should be given?
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make no attempt to remove it; support it by loosely applying dressings
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List the steps of first aid treatment that should be followed when an object is protruding from the eye.
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make no attempt to remove the object; support it by loosely applying dressings
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How should you care for tissue torn from the ear?
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save any torn tissue and wrap it in gauze moistened with cool sterile water or sterile normal saline solution. Put the gauze wrapped tissue in a plastic bag to keep it cool and moist
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How should you position a victim with cerbrospinal fluid draining from the ear?
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keep them lying down. if possible, turn on their injured side and elevate the head or shoulders slightly to allow fluid to drain, if no neck or spinal injury is suspected. obtain medical help immediately and report presence and description of fluid
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List six signs and symptoms of injuries to the brain
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* clean/ blood tinged cerebrospinal fluid draining from nose/ears * loss of consciousness * headache * visual disturbances * pupils unequal in size * muscle paralysis * speech disturbances * convulsions * nausea and vomiting
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List four aspects of first aid care for victims with brain injuries
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* keep victim lying flat, treat for shock; if no evidence of a neck/ spine injury place a small pillow/ rolled blanket/ coat under head and shoulders to elevate slightly * watch close for signs of respiratory distress; provide artificial respiration if needed * if cerebrospinal fluids are draining from ears/ nose/ mouth make no attempt to stop it * avoid giving victim any fluids by mouth * if victim in unconscious, note how long and report the info to EMS * obtain medical help ASAP
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List three causes of an epistaxis or nosebleed
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* change in altitude * strenuous activity * high BP * rupture of small blood vessels after a cold
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How should you position a victim with a nose bleed?
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Place them in a sitting position with head leaning slightly forward if they can't sit up, slightly elevate their head
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What type of dressing should be applied to a sucking chest wound? Why?
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airtight dressing (aluminum foil, plastic wrap, or other nonporous material) must be placed over the wound to prevent air flow into the wound. Tape or a bandage can be used to hold material in place but only on three sides, the fourth side should be left loose to allow air to escape when the victim exhales
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How should you position a victim with a sucking chest wound?
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on their injured side and elevate the head and chest slightly; allows the uninjured lung to expand more freely and prevents pressure on uninjured lung from blood and damaged tissue
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List four signs and symptoms of abdominal injuries
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* severe abdominal pain or tenderness * protruding organs * nausea and vomiting (particulay of blood)
