Foundations of Group Behavior Flashcards

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Which of the following is true with regard to groups?
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A group influences our emotional reactions.
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Which of the following is true regarding formal groups?
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They are marked by stipulated behaviors in pursuit of organizational goals.
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An informal group is characterized by the ________.
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fulfillment of the need for social contact
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Which of the following differentiates between formal and informal groups?
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Formal groups involve clearly defined tasks and roles, while informal groups are neither formally structured nor organizationally determined
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Our tendency to take personal pride or offense for the accomplishments of a group we are a part of, is the territory of the ________ theory.
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social identity
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Which of the following is true with regard to the social identity theory?
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It proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their self-esteem is tied into the group's performance.
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In-group favoritism
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is defined as the tendency to see members of the group of which we are a part of as better than other people.
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At Milton farms, where a large part of the management comes from the same sociocultural background, many employees of diverse ethical or cultural origins are hired only to ensure legal compliance with laws relating to diversity at the workplace. The company's day-to-day functioning leaves much to be desired in terms of promoting diversity. Recently, the owner's cousin was promoted to the post of a branch manager while three suitable candidates hailing from a different cultures were blatantly overlooked. This is an example of ________.
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in-group favoritism
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Aaron Dias was working on the last shift for the day at All Needs, a retail store owned by an Asian man, when he opened the cash register and stole some money thinking that nobody would witness him stealing. However, one of the customer attendants watched him steal the money and reported it to the manager the next day, following which Aaron was terminated. Subsequently, the manager became extremely strict with all his Caucasian employees and was often heard abusing them saying \"you guys are all the same.\" This scenario depicts ________.
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in-group favoritism
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10) Similarity is a characteristic under the social identity theory that manifests itself in the ________.
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tendency of people who have greater uniformity in values and characteristics to have greater group identification as well
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In the context of the social identity theory, distinctiveness refers to the ________.
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tendency of in-group members to notice and emphasize identities that reflect how different they are from other groups
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Status is a characteristic under the social identity theory that reflects the ________.
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tendency of people to link themselves to groups of higher social standing in an attempt to define themselves favorably
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Uncertainty reduction is a dimension of the social identity theory that manifests itself in the ________.
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tendency of people to use the group as a means of understanding who they are and how they fit into the world
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Which of the following represents the second stage in the five-stage group development model?
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storming
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Which of the following stages of the five-stage group development model is characterized by a great deal of uncertainty about the group's purpose, structure, and leadership?
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forming
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The second stage of the five-stage group development model is characterized by ________.
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intragroup conflict within the group
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By the end of the stage of ________, a relatively clear hierarchy of leadership within the group is established.
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storming
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During the third stage of group development ________.
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the group demonstrates cohesiveness
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the norming stage of group development?
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During this stage, the group develops a common set of expectations of what defines correct member behavior.
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When the group energy is focused on the task at hand and the group is fully functional, it is said to be in the stage of ________.
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performing
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Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding the performing stage?
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For permanent work groups, performing is the last stage in development.
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Which of the following is true with regard to the five-stage group development model?
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A positive social focus may aid a group in reaching the performing stage more rapidly.
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Which of the following statements is true with regard to the punctuated-equilibrium model of group development?
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It characterizes groups as exhibiting long periods of inertia interspersed with brief revolutionary changes.
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Tabby Tolman is a project coordinator at Tristar Solutions. Whenever a new project comes her way, she holds a project meeting and follows it up with repeated meetings to address any concerns the team may have and to monitor their progress. However, with the peak of the business season arriving, she has been holding just one project initiation meeting for every project to save on time. She has become increasingly worried about the team's progress with no inputs coming from the members and she has had no time to check with them. With two weeks left to go for a high priority project of a month's duration, she has now begun to see some work coming through and is relieved. This development reflects that the group is at the stage of ________.
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transition following the halfway mark in the timeline
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The first phase of group development for temporary groups involves ________.
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the determination of the group's direction
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The determination of the behavioral patterns and assumptions through which the group approaches the project is a function of the ________ phase in the punctuated-equilibrium model.
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first meeting
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Which of the following represents the major determinants of group development and functioning as depicted by the punctuated-equilibrium model?
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deadlines and time constraints
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Role perception is defined as ________.
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our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation
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Janice Cooper has recently joined a hospital as a part of the internship program prescribed by the nursing school she attends. Janice, who was inspired to take up this profession by the story of Florence Nightingale, had very strong ideals about how she should behave as a nurse. She felt that as a nurse, she must be gentle, pleasant, and caring at all times so she could serve her patients well, and she often went to great lengths as an intern by putting in extra hours at the hospital and so on. The scenario reflects Janice's ________.
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role perception
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Role ________ is defined as the way others believe you should act in a given context.
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expectation
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Most people assume that a police officer should behave in a lawful manner, refrain from demonstrating favoritism to any particular group, and do their best to uphold the law. Which of the following terms best represents these beliefs?
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role expectation
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When ________, the result is role conflict.
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compliance with one role requirement may make it difficult to comply with another
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Michael is devout and very active in his church. He is also a very dedicated employee. His manager offers him a promotion but the new role will require him to work Sundays. Michael would like the promotion, but realizes that it would force him to miss some church activities. In this situation, Michael is most likely to experience ________.
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role conflict
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Which of the following represents the acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the group's members?
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norms
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Which of the following is an example of performance norms?
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the manner in which a job must be done
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social arrangement
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norms dictate behavior such as with whom group members eat lunch and friendships on and off the job.
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A local government work crew cleans up parks and other public spaces. In this crew the dirtiest jobs are generally given to the newest members, while the more senior members of the crew tend to do little except draw their pay. Which of the following classes of norms encompasses arrangements like this?
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resource allocation norms
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Conformity
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refers to the adjustment of one's behavior to align with the norms of the group.
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The important groups to which an individual belongs or hopes to belong are known as
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reference groups.
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