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Line

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An element of art that is the path of a moving point through space. Although lines can vary in appearance they can have different lengths, widths, textures, directions, and degree of curve, they are considered one- dimensional and are measured by length. A line is also used by an artist to control the viewers eye movement. There are five kinds of line: vertical, horizontal, diagonal, curved, and zigzag.

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Shape

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A two- dimensional area that is defined in some way. While a form has depth, a shape has only height and width. Shapes are either geometric or free form.

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Organic

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Shapes or forms made by the forces of nature opposite of manufactured shapes / forms

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Geometric

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Precise shapes that can be described using mathematical formulas

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Texture

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The element of art that refers to how things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched. Texture is perceived by touch and sight, objects can have rough or smooth textures and matte or shiny surfaces.

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Actual texture

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Is texture which may be physically felt.

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Implied texture

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Is texture that may be seen only, as in a painting.

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Color

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An element of art that is derived from reflected light. The sensation of color is aroused in the brain by response of the eyes to different wavelength of light. Color has three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

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Space

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The element of art that refers to the emptiness or area between, around, above, below, or within objects. Shapes and forms are defined by space around and within them.

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Positive space

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Shapes or forms in two- and three- dimensional art. Empty space surrounding them are called negative space or ground.

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Negative space

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Is quite simply, the space that surrounds an object in a image.

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Value

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Describes the lightness and darkness of an object.

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Flat

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Having a smooth, level or even surface: not having curves or bumps.

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Graded

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A position in a scale of size.

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Variety

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Principle of the art concerned with difference or contrast.

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Proportion

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Principle of art concerned with the size relationships of one part to another.

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Harmony

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Technique of shading with a series of fine parallel lines.

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4 steps in art criticism

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What do you in each step?

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Description

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A list of all the things you see on the work.

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Analysis

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In art criticism, the step in which you discover how the principles of art are used to organize the art elements of line, color, shape, form, space, and texture.

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Interpretation

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In art criticism, the step in which you or tell the meaning or mood of the work.

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Judgment

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In art criticism, the step in which you determine the degree of artistic merit.

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3 aesthetic theories

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Imitationalism an aesthetic theory focusing on realistic presentation. One of the three aesthetic theories of art criticism, the others being Emotional and Formalism.

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Realism

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Mid- nineteenth- century artistic style in which familiar scenes are presented as they actually appeared.

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Emotionalism

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Theory that requires that a work of art must arouse a repo nose of feelings, moods, or emotions in the viewer.

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Expressivism

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Is an early 20th century style of art that is changed with an emotional or spiritual vision.

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Formalism

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Theory that places emphasis on a formal qualities.

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Primary colors

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Cannot be made to mix colors.

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Secondary colors

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Made by mixing 2 colors together.

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Intermediate colors

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A color made by mixing a primary color with a secondary color. Red- orange is an intermediate color.

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Triadic color scheme

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Uses three colors equally spaced around the color wheel.

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Tetradic color scheme

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Are made up of two complementary colors.

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Monochromatic color scheme

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Especially with blue or green hues.

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Analogous color scheme

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Uses colors that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel.

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Complementary color scheme

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Across from one another on the color wheel.

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Split complementary color scheme

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Colors on either side of a color complement.

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Warm colors

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The yellows and reds of the color spectrum, associated with fire, heat, sun, and warmer temperatures, also called hot colors.

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Cool colors

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Blues; greens, values calming and soothing considered to be warm.

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Hue

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A pure black, white, gray. The brightness or darkness of a color.

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value

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Describes the lightness and darkness of an object.

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Tint colors

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A color or a variety of a color; hue

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Shade

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A two- dimensional area

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Intensity

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Brightness or dullness of a color.

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Tone

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Color plus it's complement or color grey.

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Color wheel

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Or color circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle that shows relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors.

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Define perspective

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The art of drawing solid objects on a two- dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth, and position in relation to each other when viewed from a particular point.

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Horizon line

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The horizon is where the land or sea and sky meet. In painting perspective, it's the level your eyes are at, an imaginary line to which things recede.

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Converging lines

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To tend toward or approach an intersecting point.

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One point perspective

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Any objects that are made up of lines either directly parallel with the viewers line of sight or directly perpendicular can be represented with one- point perspective.

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Two- point perspective

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Full definition of two- point perspective: linear perspective in which parallel lines along the width and depth of an object are represented as meeting at two separate points on the horizon that are 90 degrees apart as measured from the common intersection of the lines of projection.

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Vanishing point

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The point at which receding parallel lines viewed in perspective appear to converge.

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6 parts of the credit line for a wok of art

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Medium used by the artist. This is the material used to make art.

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Size

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Of the work. The first number is always the height, the second numbers is the width.

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Location

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Of the work. The location names the gallery, museum, or collection in which the work is housed and the city, state, and country.

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Contour line

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A line on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level.

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Contour drawing

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Is an essential technique in the field of art because it is strong foundation for any drawing or painting.

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Blind contour

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Drawing is a method of drawing, widely used by art teachers, where an artist draws the contour of an subject without looking at the paper.

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90/10 contour

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A modified contour drawing is done when the artist looks intently at EDGES of an obect, but rarely look at the paper.

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50/50 contour

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It is when you draw your hands in the letters of your name.

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Gesture drawing

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Is a work of art defined by rapid execution. Is the representation of the essence of an objects or figures position.

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Value drawing

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An element of art, value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.

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Highlight

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The area of most intense light on a represented form, as in a painting or photograph.

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Reflective light

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Is the light that reflects from surfaces of forms onto other surfaces surrounding the form.

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Cast shadow

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Is a type of shadow that is created on a form next to a surface that is turned away from the source of light.

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Core of the shadow

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Within shade, due to the relative position of observer to an object in open space, some part of form bounce less.

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Middle/ Transitional values

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It means crosshatching which is merely hatching taken many directions in an overlapping technique.

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