7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype (8 review) – Flashcards
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carrier
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organism whose genome contains a gene for a certain trait or disease that is not expressed in the organism's phenotype
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sex-linked gene
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gene that is located on a sex chromosome
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X chromosome inactivation
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process that occurs in female mammals in which one of the X chromosome is randomly turned off in each cell
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dominant
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allele that is expressed when two different alleles are present in an organism's genotype
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recessive
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allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in an organism's genotype
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phenotype
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collection of all of an organism's physical characteristics
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allele
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any of the alternative forms of a gene that occurs at a specific place on a chromosome
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gene
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specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein
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autosome
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chromosome that contains genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of the organism
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sex chromosome
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chromosome that directly controls the development of sexual characteristics.
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trait
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characteristic that is inherited
