302 Chapter 3 Nursing Education, Accreditation, and Regulation – Flashcards
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What is AONE
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American Organization of Nurse Executives
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What are the different Baccalaureate Programs for Nursing?
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1.Generic Baccalaureate Program- traditional 4 years 2. Accelerated Baccalaureate- admits students with bachelor degrees or higher in other disciplines with no nursing education 3.LPN/LVN to Baccalaureate in Nursing Programs- admits licensed practical nurses and will award a bachelors upon completion 4. RN to Baccalaureate in Nursing- admits RN's with associates degrees or diplomas and awards a bachelor
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State Boards of Nursing
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Implement state's nurse practice act Recommend state regulations and changes to the act Reviews problems with licensure
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Regulation
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An official rule or order, based on laws, governing processes, practice, and procedures; in nursing, legal regulation governs licensure.
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Accreditation
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The process by which organizations are evaluated on their quality, based on established minimum standards. Voluntary process
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Apprenticeship
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A nursing program developed in England that provided on-the-job training and a formal education component.
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Articulation
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A formal agreement between two or more institutions that allows specific programs at one institution to be credited toward direct entry or advanced standing at another.
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Prescriptive authority
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Legal authority granted to advanced practice nurses to prescribe medication.
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Standard
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A reference point against which other things can be evaluated and that serve as guides to practice.
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Master's degree in nursing
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A graduate-level nursing degree of approximately 2 years with specialty focus (e.g., advanced nurse practitioner or clinical specialist).
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Associate degree in nursing
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A degree offered as culmination of a 2-year program that includes some liberal arts and sciences curriculum but focuses more on nursing.
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Continuing education
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Systematic professional learning designed to augment knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
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Distance Education
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A set of teaching and/or learning strategies to meet the learning needs of students separate from the classroom. (online courses)
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Practicum
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A course that includes clinical activities and stresses the practical application of theory in a field of study; also referred to as a "clinical."
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Advanced practice nurse
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A registered nurse with advanced education in adult health, pediatrics, family health, women's health, neonatal health, community health, or other specialties.
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Baccalaureate degree in nursing
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A degree from a 4-year nursing program in a higher education institution. Has liberal arts and nursing courses (professional nurse)
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Diploma schools of nursing
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Nursing programs associated with a hospital that offer a nursing degree that is not offered through a college or university setting; typically 3 years in length.
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Preceptor
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An experienced and competent staff member who has received formal training to function as a preceptor and who serves as a role model to guide student learning, serving as a resource for the nursing student.
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Self-directed learning
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Individuals take the initiative, with or without the help of others, in diagnosing their learning needs, creating learning goals, identifying resources for learning, choosing and implementing learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes.
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Curriculum
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An integrated course of studies that describes the program's philosophy, level, and terminal competencies for students, or what they are expected to be able to accomplish by the end of the program.
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Training
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Activities and instruction intended to foster skilled behavior. Focuses on fixed habits and skills, uses repetition, authority and coercion.
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Doctoral Programs: DNP or Doctor of Nursing Practice
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Admits nurses who want to pursue a doctoral degree that focuses on practice rather than research.
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The first training school of nursing the St. Thomas was established by __________ and was located in ___________?
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Florence Nightingale London, England
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Hospitals opened Diploma Schools to....
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Staff Hospitals (cheaply) nurses made up the majority of the staff
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Goldmark Report Key Points
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Hospitals controlled the total education hours with some offering little to no content Science, theory, and practice of nursing were often taught by inexperienced instructors Students were supervised by graduate nurses who had limited experience and time to assist students in learning Classroom experience usually occurred after students had worked long hours Students were typically only able to get experience that their hospital provided lead to lack of experience in specialties.
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Goldmark Report Impacts
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1. Separate university schools of nursing from hospitals 2. Changing the control of hospital based programs to schools of nursing 3. Requiring a high school diploma to enter in any school of nursing
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The Brown Report
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Led to the process of accreditation by the NLN
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What are the highlights for change in The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (2010)
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1. Nurses should practice to the fullest extent possible 2. There should be mechanisms for nurses to advance their education 3. Act as full partners in healthcare delivery 4. Involved in policy making especially as it relates to the healthcare workforce
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Recommendations for- Educating Nurses: A Call for Radical Transformation
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Require BSN for entry to practice Develop more ADN-MSN programs Recruit more diverse faculty and student body Provide more financial aid Introduce pre-nursing students to nursing early in edu. Address faculty shortage Change requirements for licensure Cooperate on Accreditation
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The BSN graduate is
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a licensed RN who provides direct care based on the nursing process and focused on patient/clients with COMPLEX interactions of nursing diagnoses (Professional Nurse)
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The ADN graduate is
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a licensed RN who provides direct care that is based on the nursing process and focused on individual patients/clients who have COMMON, well defined nursing diagnoses (Technical Nurse)
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Diploma Schools are accredited by
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The NLN (National League for Nursing)
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Mildred Montag advocated for the need of
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An associate degree program of 2 years that could be established at community colleges. This was due to a shortage of nurses during WWII
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Associate degree nursing programs are accredited by
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The NLN (National League for Nursing) The ADN curriculum includes some liberal arts and sciences and focuses more on technical nursing
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All programs accredited by the AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) require some
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Clinical experience or Practicum (even BSN completion programs)
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The Baccalaureate degree in nursing was introduced by
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The Goldmark Report 2 years of liberal arts and sciences 2 years of nursing courses
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Baccalaureate degree in nursing are accredited by
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The NLN (National League for Nursing) or The AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) Page 87 of Finkelman and Keener
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The typical length of time for a master's program is?
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2 Years
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Master Degree programs are accredited by the
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The NLN (National League for Nursing) or The AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing)
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Who provides national certifications for Advanced Practice Nurses?
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The ANCC (American Nurses Credentialing Center)
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Certified Nurse- Midwife
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Master Degree with a focus on Midwifery Pregnancy and Delivery Gynecologic care Accredited by the American College of Nurse-Midwives
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DNSc
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Doctorate of Nursing Science Clinical Research Doctorate Designing and implementing clinical research in a healthcare setting
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DNP
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Doctor of Nursing Practice Emphasis on clinical nursing leadership and change at the organizational system level
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PhD
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Doctor of philosophy Research Doctorate Emphasis on designing and implementing research Focus is generation of new knowledge
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What are the three major nursing education organizations?
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The NLN (National League for Nursing) The AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) N-OADN (National Organization for Associate Degree Nurses)
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The National League for Nursing is
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Older than the AACN promotes excellence in nursing education to build strong and diverse nursing workforce. Works with all nursing levels except doctoral degrees.
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What is the major difference between the AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) and the NLN (National League for Nursing)?
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AACN represents only university-level nursing education programs (example Baccalaureate to doctoral degrees) Where the NLN represents all nursing programs except doctoral programs (ADN, BSN, Master's)
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How does the NLN accredit programs
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Through the ACEN ( Accreditation Commission for Nursing) pg. 91
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The AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) represent who?
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University and Baccalaureate programs in nursing
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How is the AACN (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) involved in accreditation?
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Through its CCNE (Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education) and it includes programs of (BSN, RN-BSN, Master's and DNP)
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What are the major goals of N-OADN (National Organization for Associate Degree Nurses)
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1. Collaboration- advancing program in education through collaboration with diversity of audiences 2. Education 3. Advocacy- for issues and activities that support N-OADN's mission
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Who can accredit ADN programs?
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NLN (National League for Nursing)
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What are the five core competencies
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1. Provide patient centered care 2. Work in interdisciplinary teams 3. Employ evidence based practice 4. Apply quality improvement 5. Utilize Informatics
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The ANA defines competence as
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an expected and measurable level of nursing performance that integrates knowledge, skills, abilities, and judgement, based on established scientific knowledge and expectations of nursing.
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Distance Learning can be configured in several ways including:
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1. Self Study/ Independent study 2. Hybrid Model- both distant courses and traditional classroom activities (most common) 3. Faculty facilitated- Online learning with no classroom activities (growing rapidly)
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The two major problems facing participants in nursing education programs are
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1. Faculty shortages 2. Finding clinical experiences for students
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Simulations (defintion)
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Activities that mimic reality of a clinical environment and are designed to demonstrate procedures, decision making and critical thinking through techniques such as role playing and interactive devices
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Accreditation
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Is the process in which an organization is assessed regarding how it meets established standards. (Voluntary Process)
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How does accreditation work?
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First school must pay for the review The review team assess: 1. Mission and vision 2. Structure and governance 3. Resources and physical facilities and budget 4. Faculty and their outcomes 5. Curriculum and implementation 6. Student support services 7. Admissions process 8. Policies and Procedures 9. Ongoing assessment process (quality improvement) Then onsite survey of school (sitting in on classes survey of students and speaking with dean of school)
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What are the 8 guiding principles that apply to nursing regulation
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1. Protection of the public 2. Competence of all practitioners related by the board of nursing 3. Due process and ethical decision making 4. Shared accountability 5. Collaboration 6. Evidence based regulation 7. Respons to marketing and healthcare environment 8. Globalization of nursing
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Nurse Practice Act
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Determines the nature of the nursing practice within that state. Each state has its own Defines the authority of the board of nursing and its powers Identifies grounds for disciplinary action Identifies types of licenses and titles defines scope of practice for nurses in the state to protect public safety
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Members of the state board of nursing are appointed my who?
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The governor
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The primary purpose of the Board of Nursing is
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To protect the health and safety of the public
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What is the NCSBN
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National Council of State Boards of Nursing it is a not for profit organization that represents all of the boards of nursing in the 50 states and us territories. Develops the NCLEX
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What is the NCLEX
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(National Council Licensure Examination) regulates entry into the nursing profession It is an adaptive test that adjust the questions to the individuals only if they get previous question correct or incorrect. The test contains 265 questions and requires you to answer 75 at the minimum.
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What is Nursing according to the ANA
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1. Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities. 2. Prevention of illness and injury 3. Alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response 4. Advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations
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What are the Characteristics of a Profession
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1. Systematic body of unique knowledge 2. Standardized, formal higher education 3. Commitment to service that benefits others 4. Role with autonomy, responsibility, & accountability 5. Control of practice>standards & code of ethics 6. Commitment to members of the profession>professional orgs & activities
