2.05 Rise of the Political Machine – Flashcards

needed work, housing, medical care, food, police, lighting, sanitation. No bargaining power. Women not considered citizens. Women had no right to vote. Women's pay was lower than men's. Children lived on the streets, and worked in mines.

city council district in some U.S. cities

a party organization, headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county, or state. They gave food, jobs, etc.

The most famous political machine, it ran New York City. Originally a social club, became a Democratic Party group. Found jobs and houses for immigrants. Helped immigrants obtain citizenships. Gave a few dollars for food and fuel.

taking bribes for jobs on the public payroll. Buying land when they heard that the government was going to use it, to sell it at a profit. Awarding city contracts to businesses.

Tammany Hall's first candadate for mayor of New York City. He created the first NYC police force with copper badges, so people called them "coppers."

prevelant in NYC in the 1800s. They fought each other. They also fought city fires.

On eof the most famous political bosses, a crook. In the Tammany machine. He controlled the mayor and treasurer of NYC. Forced all contractors for the city to pay double charges for the Tweed Ring. Stole $200 million between 1865 and 1871. When people objected he replied "What are you going to do about it." Sent to prison in 1873.

Artist who caricatured Boss Tweed as a vulture and a tiger.

an economic system characterized by ownership of the means of production by the people

Union leader and socialist, eventually ran for President.

he believed that all religious had an obligation to help the poor. The "Social Gospel."

Young Men's Christian Association (and YWCA) provided safe clean lodging to newcomers in cities.

fought for 8 hour work days, labor reform, child labor reform, minimum wage, racial equality. helped found the NAACP

National Association for the advancement of Colored People. Formed by W.E DuBois and Florence Kelley.

Reformers who rose up to resolve the conditions that gave the political machines their power.

Wrote The Jungle, about the meat packing industry. It resulted in a national inspection system. Sinclair believed in Socialism.

a derogatory term for Journalists who investigate and publish truthful reports on a variety of social issues, such as corrupt politicians and dishonest businesspeople.

called social reformers Muckrakers, but eventually sided with them and ran for President. He supported the organization of labor, women's suffrage.

head of the Tuskegee Institute. First African American invited to dinner at the White House by Presedent Roosevelt. Believd in vocational training for all African Americans

Grew up in Massachsettes. He was an African American who advocated a liberal arts education for African Americans- titled the "Niagara Movement." He believed in education the "talented tenth" of African Americans, and that their influence "trickle down" to other African Americans. He also helped establish the NAACP

led by W.E.B. DuBois, it intended to end racial discrimination by promoting the most talented African Americans to positions of influence. the "talented tenth"

Frome Denmark, NYC newspare reporter, wrote "How the Other Half Lives." Inspired many to improve living conditions for poor.

guided the poor to help themselves

Founded by Jane Addams in 1889 in Chicago. Offered classes in English, legal advise, job training, childcare and art classes.

Founded the Hull House in 1889 in Chicago.

An investigative Reporter. In 1904 she published the most fampous business book ever written, The History of the Standard Oil Company. This helped force the US government to break up the Standard Oil Trust in 1911.

editor of McClure's magazine. Wrote about political corruption. Wtote "The Shame of the Cities" exposing Boss Tweed-like charachter's in all major cities.

Leader of a railroad worker's union. They striked againd the Pulman Company. Debs was improsoned because striking was not legal at this time. Ran for president as a Socialist Candidate.

petitioned Congress for women's right to vote. It's leaders were Susan B. Anthony and Carrie Chapman Catt.

Founded the National Women's Party.

1904 helped reduce child labor. Their investigative photgrapher was Lewis Hine.

1874 Organized the Women's Christian Temperance Union. advocated prohibition

gave Women the right to Vote in 1919.

Prohibitionists- arrested 30 times for taking a hatchet to bars, kegs, etc.

changed the US Constitution to prohibit the sale of Alcohol. It was repealled 15 years later.

1901-1920 When Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson were presidents.

a person who favors improvement and reform

President in 1901- First President to help settle a strike, instead of breaking it. After Reading the Jungle, he pushed forward Federal Meat Inspection. He broke trusts, formed National Parks,

a rebel within a political party, in this case, within the Progressives, who won control of Congress in 1910. The enacted laws to regulate some of the abuses of business, protect children, establish savings banks, and Worker's Comp, 8 hour workday, National Parks, conservation,

Changed the US Constitution to authorixe Federal Income Tax.

Changed the US Constitution to allow for the Popular Election of US Senators.

environmental protection

coined the term Conservation. He was appointed the Head of the National Service.