1301 chapter 13 review – Flashcards
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Why did James K. Polk win the presidential election of 1844?
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Henry Clay's stand on Texas cost him the election.
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General Winfield Scott led American forces in an invasion of Mexico in 1847 and marched 260 miles to capture what site?
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mexico city
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What event proved to be the last nail in the coffin of the Second Party System and contributed directly to the emergence of the Republican Party?
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act
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What positions did Abraham Lincoln support on the Mexican War while serving one term in Congress?
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Both the war and the Wilmot Proviso
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How did Americans settling in California in the 1820s and 1830s differ from American settlers in Texas?
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They assimilated into Mexican culture
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Following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, what was the most likely outcome in terms of the balance of free and slave states?
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More free than slave states were likely to be added to the Union.
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What did the events in Kansas suggest would be the result of the popular sovereignty policy?
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violence
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Lincoln's ambition propelled him into politics after having been raised by what kind of father?
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A struggling yeoman farmer
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How did President John Tyler hope to secure his reelection in 1844?
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By running as a Democrat in favor of acquiring both Oregon and Texas.
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Why did a number of Whigs oppose the Mexican War?
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They believed it was part of an immoral conspiracy to expand slavery.
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Opposition to what action led some Democrats to join the Republican Party when it formed in the mid-1850s?
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kansas nebraska act
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What statement describes Abraham Lincoln's politics in 1854?
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He was a Republican and former Whig who supported a gradualist view on abolition.
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What name is given the belief in a god-given American cultural and racial superiority that lay behind the desire to make the entire continent part of American democracy?
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manifest destiny
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What impact did the California gold rush have on Native Americans there?
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They suffered brutally from the onslaught of fortune seekers.
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The Republican Party was least likely to be supported by which group?
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Anti-Immigration nativists
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Why did the Whigs select Zachary Taylor as their candidate for the presidency in 1848?
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he was a war hero
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What connection did John L. O'Sullivan's term "manifest destiny" have to American expansion of the mid-nineteenth century?
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The phrase embodied the dreams of American expansionists.
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Conventions met in some southern states in 1850 and considered secession but did not secede. Why?
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They were unwilling to take the step as long as no further inroads were made against slavery.
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How did Democrats build up support for the annexation of Texas in 1844?
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By linking Texas to the Oregon question.
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What statement describes the outcome of the election of 1860?
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The vote was divided along strictly sectional lines.
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Why did President James K. Polk retreat from his demand for "fifty-four forty or fight"?
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He had begun a war with Mexico and wanted to avoid a simultaneous one with Britain.
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Why did the idea of popular sovereignty on the slavery question appeal to so many Americans in 1850?
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It linked the resolution of the sectional conflict to republican ideology.
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Why did the Fugitive Slave Act prove to be the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?
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The new law denied people accused of being runaways of fundamental rights.
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In his letter to John Slidell in November 1845, Secretary of State James Buchanan explained the following to the minister to Mexico: "It is to be seriously apprehended that both Great Britain and France have designs upon California. . . . This Government . . . would vigorously interpose to prevent the latter from becoming either a British or a French Colony. . . . The possession of the Bay and harbor of San Francisco is all important to the United States. . . . Money would be no object." What did Buchanan want John Slidell to do?
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Negotiate the purchase of California to keep it out of British and French hands
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From which party did political opposition to the Mexican-American War primarily come?
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whigs
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What position did Whig senators Salmon P. Chase and William Seward take on the question of the admission of California?
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Slavery should be limited to its current boundaries and eventually abolished.
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Following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, what was the most likely outcome in terms of the balance of free and slave states?
answer
More free than slave states were likely to be added to the Union.
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Why was Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin so successful with readers?
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It highlighted the cruelty of slavery with heartrending power.
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In response to federal passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, northern states passed what kinds of laws?
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Personal-liberty laws
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Which of the following assessments correctly describes the election of 1848?
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Democrat Lewis Cass dominated the trans-Appalachian west, whereas Zachary Taylor dominated the Northeast.
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Why did James K. Polk win the presidential election of 1844?
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Henry Clay's stand on Texas cost him the election.
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What was the slogan of Polk's Democratic campaign in 1844?
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"Fifty-four forty or fight!"
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What impact did the California gold rush have on Native Americans there?
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They suffered brutally from the onslaught of fortune seekers.
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Why did President Franklin Pierce want to buy the land from Mexico that became the Gadsden Purchase?
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To build a transcontinental railroad
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Why did social divisions among the Kiowa Indians intensify in the 1830s?
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the new horse culture created big distinctions of wealth
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