1301 chapter 13 review – Flashcards
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In the 1840s, the U.S. Navy published a glowing report about the harbors in what area?
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Puget Sound
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By 1870, what was the major agricultural product of California?
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Wheat
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What book did Harriet Beecher Stowe write that increased northern sentiment against slavery?
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
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John Brown intended to end which institution by his raid at Harpers Ferry in 1859?
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slavery
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Why did James K. Polk win the presidential election of 1844?
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Henry Clay's stand on Texas cost him the election.
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General Winfield Scott led American forces in an invasion of Mexico in 1847 and marched 260 miles to capture what site?
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mexico city
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What event proved to be the last nail in the coffin of the Second Party System and contributed directly to the emergence of the Republican Party?
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act
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What positions did Abraham Lincoln support on the Mexican War while serving one term in Congress?
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Both the war and the Wilmot Proviso
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How did Americans settling in California in the 1820s and 1830s differ from American settlers in Texas?
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They assimilated into Mexican culture
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Following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, what was the most likely outcome in terms of the balance of free and slave states?
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More free than slave states were likely to be added to the Union.
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What did the events in Kansas suggest would be the result of the popular sovereignty policy?
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violence
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Lincoln's ambition propelled him into politics after having been raised by what kind of father?
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A struggling yeoman farmer
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How did President John Tyler hope to secure his reelection in 1844?
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By running as a Democrat in favor of acquiring both Oregon and Texas.
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Why did a number of Whigs oppose the Mexican War?
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They believed it was part of an immoral conspiracy to expand slavery.
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Opposition to what action led some Democrats to join the Republican Party when it formed in the mid-1850s?
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kansas nebraska act
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What statement describes Abraham Lincoln's politics in 1854?
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He was a Republican and former Whig who supported a gradualist view on abolition.
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What name is given the belief in a god-given American cultural and racial superiority that lay behind the desire to make the entire continent part of American democracy?
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manifest destiny
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What impact did the California gold rush have on Native Americans there?
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They suffered brutally from the onslaught of fortune seekers.
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The Republican Party was least likely to be supported by which group?
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Anti-Immigration nativists
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Why did the Whigs select Zachary Taylor as their candidate for the presidency in 1848?
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he was a war hero
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What connection did John L. O'Sullivan's term "manifest destiny" have to American expansion of the mid-nineteenth century?
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The phrase embodied the dreams of American expansionists.
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Conventions met in some southern states in 1850 and considered secession but did not secede. Why?
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They were unwilling to take the step as long as no further inroads were made against slavery.
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How did Democrats build up support for the annexation of Texas in 1844?
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By linking Texas to the Oregon question.
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What statement describes the outcome of the election of 1860?
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The vote was divided along strictly sectional lines.
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Why did President James K. Polk retreat from his demand for "fifty-four forty or fight"?
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He had begun a war with Mexico and wanted to avoid a simultaneous one with Britain.
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Why did the idea of popular sovereignty on the slavery question appeal to so many Americans in 1850?
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It linked the resolution of the sectional conflict to republican ideology.
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Why did the Fugitive Slave Act prove to be the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?
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The new law denied people accused of being runaways of fundamental rights.
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In his letter to John Slidell in November 1845, Secretary of State James Buchanan explained the following to the minister to Mexico: "It is to be seriously apprehended that both Great Britain and France have designs upon California. . . . This Government . . . would vigorously interpose to prevent the latter from becoming either a British or a French Colony. . . . The possession of the Bay and harbor of San Francisco is all important to the United States. . . . Money would be no object." What did Buchanan want John Slidell to do?
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Negotiate the purchase of California to keep it out of British and French hands
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From which party did political opposition to the Mexican-American War primarily come?
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whigs
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What position did Whig senators Salmon P. Chase and William Seward take on the question of the admission of California?
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Slavery should be limited to its current boundaries and eventually abolished.
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Following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, what was the most likely outcome in terms of the balance of free and slave states?
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More free than slave states were likely to be added to the Union.
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Why was Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin so successful with readers?
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It highlighted the cruelty of slavery with heartrending power.
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In response to federal passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, northern states passed what kinds of laws?
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Personal-liberty laws
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Which of the following assessments correctly describes the election of 1848?
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Democrat Lewis Cass dominated the trans-Appalachian west, whereas Zachary Taylor dominated the Northeast.
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Why did James K. Polk win the presidential election of 1844?
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Henry Clay's stand on Texas cost him the election.
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What was the slogan of Polk's Democratic campaign in 1844?
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"Fifty-four forty or fight!"
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What impact did the California gold rush have on Native Americans there?
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They suffered brutally from the onslaught of fortune seekers.
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Why did President Franklin Pierce want to buy the land from Mexico that became the Gadsden Purchase?
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To build a transcontinental railroad
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Why did social divisions among the Kiowa Indians intensify in the 1830s?
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the new horse culture created big distinctions of wealth
