question

The key factor shaping human development in the first millennium BCE was:

answer

war.

question

The chief agent of change in overland trade in the first millennium BCE was:

answer

the camel.

question

In the Assyrian empire:

answer

the conquered people who lived outside Assyria provided tribute that went to the king to support the court and the military.

question

In order to fulfill its agricultural and construction needs, the Neo-Assyrian empire:

answer

recruited and relocated large numbers of conquered peoples to areas in which their labor was needed.

question

According to Assyrian ideology:

answer

the national god Ashur commanded all Assyrians to support the endless growth of the empire.

question

In Assyrian society:

answer

prostitutes were forbidden to wear veils so that their naked faces would signal their disreputable status.

question

The king who united the Persian tribes and established the Persian Empire was:

answer

Cyrus the Great.

question

In the Persian Empire:

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Cyrus the Great claimed to liberate conquered peoples from the oppression of their own kings.

question

The vast Persian capital built by Darius I was:

answer

Persepolis.

question

In the Persian Empire:

answer

all subject peoples were on an equal footing, required only to give loyalty and pay tribute to the king.

question

Zoroastrianism:

answer

treated humans as capable of choosing between good and evil.

question

The Persian Empire established all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

a network of ports to facilitate trade and commerce.

question

The architectural decorations of the Persian Empire show:

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the empire's religious beliefs.

question

All of the following are true of the Sea Peoples EXCEPT:

answer

their invasions stretched into the Indus River valley.

question

The culture of individual warrior-heroes that emerged in the eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean Islands was evoked in which piece of literature?

answer

the Iliad

question

All of the following correctly characterize the land of Judah EXCEPT:

answer

Judah served as a trader-state with special status, controlling trade with Egypt under Assyrian authority.

question

The Phoenicians:

answer

developed seaworthy crafts from the massive cedar trees in their region.

question

The Phoenicians developed which groundbreaking innovation?

answer

the alphabet

question

The Vedic people:

answer

were an Indo-European speaking nomadic people who settled in South Asia.

question

Vedic society:

answer

learned agricultural practices from the local people and developed those.

question

The four-group caste system:

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was a way to stratify an increasingly agricultural and settled world.

question

All of the following correctly identify the caste system in South Asia EXCEPT which?

answer

The ceremony of "second birth" was undergone by all four castes.

question

What book by Vedic scholars indicates a shift away from sacrificial rituals and toward more mystical speculation about the meaning of life and the universe?

answer

Upanishads

question

The Zhou rulers sought to legitimize their takeover of the Shang dynasty:

answer

by asserting moral superiority.

question

The Zhou doctrine that legitimized the rule of a dynasty was called:

answer

the mandate of heaven.

question

The Zhou state is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT which?

answer

The Zhou state became a regional superpower, dominating nearby principalities.

question

As the Zhou dynasty declined:

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the Zhou expanded its family rituals in order to retain the appearance of power.

question

All of the following characterize the Spring and Autumn period of the Eastern Zhou dynasty EXCEPT:

answer

the consolidation of political authority in the hands of the Zhou emperor.

question

What did Confucius set out in search of?

answer

an enlightened ruler

question

Which of the following is NOT a major guideline in Chinese thought and action established by Confucius?

answer

emphasis on the individual rather than the family

question

Confucius:

answer

set forth a new moral framework stressing correct performance or ritual, responsibility, loyalty to the family, and perfection of moral character.

question

Which of the following accurately describes the teachings of Mo Di?

answer

The best life is a simple life, based on hard work and useful occupations.

question

Daoism:

answer

taught that the best way to live was to follow the natural order of things.

question

The following idea is characteristic of which branch of Chinese thought: Men and women are primarily evil and require moral education and authoritarian control?

answer

Legalism

question

In Zhou China, scholars:

answer

focused on the need to maintain order and stability and thereby tended to view the world as static.

question

The Qin government minister Shang Yang implemented all of the following reforms EXCEPT:

answer

creating a lenient legal code that stressed regards for good behavior rather than punishments for crimes.

question

In South Asia, specialized subcastes that maintained a communal structure by marrying within their own group were called:

answer

jati.

question

All of the following characterized the new cities in South Asia around 500 BCE EXCEPT:

answer

the rigidity of the caste system prevented most social mobility.

question

The claim of the divine power of kings in South Asian society:

answer

made priests and Vedic rituals essential to royal power.

question

Jainism is characterized by all of the following beliefs EXCEPT:

answer

prayer rituals to the gods must be strictly observed so that the gods will intercede in the universe to aid the believer.

question

Siddhartha Guatama, known as the Buddha:

answer

lived part of his life as an ascetic.

question

Which of the following best describes the relationship of Mahavira and the Buddha with Brahman spiritual authority?

answer

Both Mahavira and the Buddha objected to the ritual sacrifices of animals by the Brahmans.

question

The Four Truths of the Buddha include all the following EXCEPT:

answer

the embrace of desire is the key to reaching a state of contentment.

question

Chavín society:

answer

had priests who took hallucinogenic drugs that they believe would turn them into jaguars.

question

Olmec cities:

answer

had a ceremonial life that revolved around agricultural and rainfall cycles.

question

Olmec cities included substantial spaces dedicated to:

answer

ball courts for athletic competition.

question

In Olmec society:

answer

the Olmecs believed that the supernatural pervaded the natural world, so they studied nature in order to learn what the gods wanted.

question

In the Americas during the first millennium BCE:

answer

regional cultural integration happened without extensive political integration.

question

Historians today recognize the peoples of Nubia

answer

as a culture deeply influenced by the cultures of sub-Saharan Africa.

question

All of the following characterize the borderlands people of the eastern Mediterranean around 1000 BCE EXCEPT which?

answer

They were "first-generation" societies, developing without any older traditions.

question

The self-governing city-states of the Mediterranean in the first millennium BCE:

answer

permitted "citizens" to govern themselves and select their leaders.

question

In most city-states in the Mediterranean basin:

answer

the small family unit was the most important social unit.

question

All of the following statements characterize the new city-states of the Mediterranean basin EXCEPT which?

answer

Sparta's program of social discipline was widely copied in order to control violence.

question

In the Mediterranean city-states, the _____ was at the center of the city.

answer

marketplace

question

As the Mediterranean city-states founded colonies:

answer

these colonies became completely independent entities.

question

Turning men, women, and children into objects of commerce bought and sold on a large scale in markets is called:

answer

chattel slavery.

question

The first generation of new thinkers in the Mediterranean city-states:

answer

looked to nature itself rather than focusing on the role of gods to explain the universe.

question

Philosophy in the Greek city-states:

answer

focused on humans and their place in society.

question

Plato is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT which?

answer

He taught that the study of history provided the best model from which to learn moral lessons for governance.

question

Aristotle is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT which?

answer

He was a student of Socrates.

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