World History A CP-Unit 4 Review – Flashcards
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Imperialism
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A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically or socially.
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Racism
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The belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race.
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Social Darwinism
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The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.
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Boer
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A Dutch colonist in South Africa, usually a farmer.
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Boer War
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A conflict lasting from 1899-1902 in which the boers and the British fought for control of territory in South Africa.
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Paternalism
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A policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing of their need but not giving them their rights.
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Assimilation
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A policy of which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institution and customs.
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Caudillo
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A military dictator of a Latin American country.
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Monroe Doctrine
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A US policy of opposition of Europe interference in Latin America, announced by president James Monroe in 1823.
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Spanish-American War
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An 1848 conflict between the US and Spain in which the US supported Cubans to fight for independence.
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Panama Canal
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A human-made waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans built in Panama by the United States and opened in 1914.
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Roosevelt Corollary
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President Theodore Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, in which he declared that the US had the right to exercise "police power" throughout the Western Hemisphere.
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Name three motives behind the Europe race for colonies.
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(1) Economic, (2)Socially/Religiously, and (3)Politically/Militarily
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Name the outcomes of the Berlin Conferences in 1884 and 1885.
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This conference laid down the rules for the division of Africa- There was no thought to how ethnic or linguistic groups were distributed.
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What were the four methods of Europe colonial control that emerged over time?
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The four methods of control were: colony, protectorate, sphere of influence, and economic imperialism.
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Why did European powers race each other to claim land in Southeast Asia?
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They desired the land for its strategic location along the sea routes to China and their sources of tropical agriculture, minerals, and oil.
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Describe the system of peonage in Latin America.
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Free workers were little better than slaves since wages were low and prices were high. Workers were usually in debt that accumulated and passed from one generation to the next.
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Describe the events leading up to the battle between Mexico and Texas.
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Mexico gave the US land to "borrow" and the US wanted to keep the land. When Mexico came to retrieve the land we sent in the US military and we ran into the Mexican military.
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Shaka
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A Zulu chief who used highly disciplined warriors and good military organization to create a larger centralized state in southern Africa.
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Cecil Rhodes
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A successful British businessman and major supporter of British expansion in Africa.
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Liliuokalani
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Hawaii's only queen and last monarch; called for a new constitution to increase her power and restore the political power of Hawaiians at the expense of wealthy American planters.
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Jose Marti
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A writer who had been exiled from Cuba by the Spanish; returned to launched a second war for independence.
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Santa Anna
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Mexican president for four terms; lost the battle for Texas; lost the war to the US giving the US Mexican land the included California and the American Southwest.
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Benito Juarez
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Raised a poor Zapotec Indian; was elected president of Mexico in 1861; fought against French invasion; was reelected president in 1867.
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Porfirio Diaz
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Mexican Indian from Oaxaca who became a noted general in the civil war and the fight against the French; ousted Juarez from the presidency, and became president; used strong-arm methods to remain president, and created order in Mexico.
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Francisco Madero
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Believed in democracy and wanted to strengthen its hold in Mexico; announced his candidacy for president in 1910, but Diaz had him arrested; from exile in the US, he called for an armed revolution against Diaz.
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Emilian Zapata
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Military leader in the southern part of Mexico; determined to see that land was returned to peasants and small farmers; wanted the laws reformed to protect their rights.
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Pancho Villa
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Military leader in the northern part of Mexico; had a bold Robin Hood policy of taking money from the rich and giving it to the poor.
