VTNE: Anesthesia – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
A small animal patient's systolic blood pressure was measured at 5 mmHg. What is your best course of action?
answer
Increase the drip rate of the IV fluids
question
The fundamental principle of administering analgesics before the animal has an awareness of pain is?
answer
Preemptive analgesia
question
What volume of thiopental sodium should be administered intravenously to a 500 kg horse for induction of anesthesia? the dosage is 8 mg/kg, and you are using a 10% solution.
answer
40 mL
question
For which of the following can a vaporizer not be compensated?
answer
Solubility coefficient
question
____ may occur because of rapid recovery from isoflurane anesthesia?
answer
Emergence delirium
question
According to the NIOSH, the maximum recommended level of exposure of people to volatile anesthetic agents in the environment is?
answer
2 ppm
question
The epidural space is located
answer
Between the dura mater and the vertebrae
question
Which statement concerning eye position, pupil size, and responsiveness to light of anesthetic depth is least accurate?
answer
In stage 3, plane 3, the eyes are usually central to slightly eccentric, with normal pupils that are responsive to light
question
The causes of true hyperventilation and tachypnea during anesthesia may include all of the following except
answer
Progression from light to moderate anesthesia.
question
Not a characteristic of ketamine anesthesia?
answer
Tachypnea
question
pressure of full oxygen tank?
answer
2000 psi
question
mask inductions are
answer
more appropriate in calm dogs and cats
question
In an animal that has not received an anticholinergic, what is accurate about salivary and lacrimal secretions?
answer
Tear and saliva profuction diminishes as anesthetic depth is increased.
question
what agent is excreted largely intact by the cat kidney?
answer
Ketamine
question
What is associated with diffusion hypoxia
answer
Nitrous oxide
question
Use of an indwelling catheter in an artery to monitor blood pressure is termed?
answer
direct monitoring
question
The limit to how much nitrous oxide should be delivered to a patient?
answer
no more than 70%
question
what is not an advantage for an e.t. tube?
answer
Increase the chances of airway obstruction - tube is specifically designed to decrease chances of airway obstruction.
question
Isoflurane is mainly eliminate through?
answer
Respiratory system
question
Soda lime granules in the CO2 canister should be checked for color change?
answer
during and upon completing the procedure
question
which of the following can activate the sympathetic portion of the autonomic nervous system?
answer
painful stimuli
question
Highly volatile anesthetics are best suited for
answer
precision vaporizers
question
In the pug, the e.t. tube should be removed
answer
only after patient is fully conscious and able to maintain a free airway
question
The patient is under anesthesia and in shock. which of the following symptoms would you observe?
answer
Excessively long capillary refill time
question
a dog anesthetized with halothane in 99% oxygen develops ventricular tachycardia. What is the drug of choice for therapy?
answer
Lidocaine
question
Use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
answer
Decrease the amount of inhalation anesthetic required
question
an epidural agent would be given where in a dog?
answer
between L7 and the sacrum
question
Minimum acceptable heart rate for an anesthetized medium-sized dog?
answer
60 bpm
question
Precision vaporizers, such as those used for isoflurane, work correctly when placed
answer
out of the circle
question
which wouldn't cause pale mucous membranes?
answer
Hyperthermia - usually associated with red mucous membranes.
question
T/F, obses animals are underdosed?
answer
False; usually overdosed
question
Neuromuscular blocking agent
answer
are also known as peripheral muscle relaxants
question
what is not a good reason to use a preanesthetic?
answer
Increases vagal activity
question
puppies/kittens delivered by c-section w/ reduced resp. function can be give this drug under tongue to stimulate respiration.
answer
Doxapram
question
Which inhalant anesthetic is associate with the longest induction and recovery times?
answer
Halothane
question
Type of nonrebreathing system that consists of inner tubing surrounded by larger corrugated tubing is?
answer
Baines
question
Which of the following is least likely to cause hypotension after administration?
answer
Ketamine
question
What is not a trait of sevo?
answer
severe heart depression
question
intravenous sodium bicarbonate is used to?
answer
Combat acidosis
question
Glyco is an anticholinergic all of the following advantages over atropine except?
answer
crossing the placental barrier.
question
all inhalant anesthetic machines should have
answer
waste gas scavenging system
question
when monitoring the vital signs of an anesthetized patient, all are recorded except?
answer
reflexes
question
perivascular injection of a barbiturate solution, such as thiopental, can cause?
answer
Tissue slough
question
how much halothane is biotransformed in the body?
answer
about 20 %
question
preemptive analgesia?
answer
is the administration of an analgesic before the pain develops.
question
charcoal canisters attached to the exhaust of the anesthesia machine?
answer
Remove all gas anesthetic agents except nitrous oxide
question
___ is not a controlled substance.
answer
Acepromazine
question
In the US, xylazine is not approved for use in?
answer
Cattle
question
What interferes with transmission of the impulse along the nerve fiber?
answer
Local Anesthetics
question
Which volatile anesthetic agent is the most potent?
answer
the one with the lowest MAC is most potent. example: 0.09 is more potent than 0.59
question
nonrebreathing systems are generally recommended for patients that weigh?
answer
less than 7 kgs.
question
The only accurate way to evaluate the effectiveness of respiration is by?
answer
Measuring the arterial blood oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures
question
Which of the following cannot be used to detect blood pressure?
answer
pulse oximeter
question
whole blood should be administered in which of the following presurgical situations?
answer
PCV 14%
question
The estimated blood volume in dogs is?
answer
75 mg/kg
question
what is the color of medical nitrous oxide cylinders, and pressure of full cylinder?
answer
Blue; 750 psi
question
which of the following is the most common complications of e.t. intubation?
answer
placement of the tube in the esophagus
question
the false statement regarding postsurgical pain is?
answer
pain serves a useful purpose by preventing activity that could cause further tissue injury
question
the approximate volume of oxygen in an H cylinder is?
answer
7000 L
question
which inhalant anesthetic drug is biotransformed to the greatest extent in the animal body?
answer
nitrous oxide
question
when given a neuromuscular blocking agent, the last muscle(s) to become paralyzed is the
answer
diaphragm
question
which drug is a narcotic antagonist?
answer
naloxone
question
the values of the pcv/tp may indicate that all of the following are present except?
answer
infection
question
By which route can short-acting barbiturate drugs be safely administrated to induce general anesthesia?
answer
IV
question
medical oxygen cylinders are colored?
answer
green
question
___ is a concern when recovering a patient from anesthesia if nitrous oxide has been used.
answer
diffusion hypoxia
question
which of the following is least commonly used in cattle to perform procedures?
answer
general anesthesia
question
the anesthetizes patient may respond to surgical stimulation if the anesthetic depth is inadequate. response to painful stimulus may be indicated by all of the following except?
answer
a decrease in lacrimation and salivation.
question
which of the following is a neuromuscular blocking agent?
answer
succinylcholine
question
butorphanol is best described as a/an
answer
analgesic
question
what drug is not classified as a barbiturate?
answer
propofol
question
propofol is a/an
answer
nonbarbiturate, IV anesthetic w/ hypotensive potential
question
treatment for hypotension during anesthesia includes?
answer
increasing IV fluids
question
malignant hyperthermia is a potentially fatal syndrome to the anesthetized patient. Which of these species is most prone to this condition?
answer
Pigs
question
which of these species is most prone to developing malignant hyperthermia
answer
porcine
question
tachycardia in an anesthetized patient may be an indication of all except?
answer
xylazine overdose -xylazine cause bradycardia
question
in dogs, normal doses of opioids generally produce all of the following except?
answer
excitement
question
A/an ___ in the blood stimulates the animal to take a breath.
answer
increase in carbon dioxide
question
postanesthetic myositis is most likely to occur in ?
answer
horses
question
throughout anesthesia, the animal's temp should be maintaind as close to normal as possible. Hypothermia can be prevented by all except?
answer
warming the stainless steel V trough before using it
question
which of the following monitoring devices is invasive?
answer
central venous pressure manometer
question
immediately after tracheal intubation in a 3 kg cat you notice extreme resp distress. most likely cause is?
answer
bronchial intubation
question
the combination of xylazine and the butorphanol is used to?
answer
provide greater analgesia and muscle relaxation than either drug can alone.
question
which drug is most likely to cause hypotension in normal doses?
answer
Acepromazine
question
what is not an appropriate use for anticholinergic drugs?
answer
using it as an agent to increase intestinal peristalsis
question
never use nitrous oxide in?
answer
In a closed anesthesia circuit
question
after placing, lubricating, and inflating the cuff of the e.t. tube, you note a sudden decrease in heart rate. the most likely cause is?
answer
cuff may be overinflated, producing vagal-induced bradycardia.
question
a capillary refill time that is over 2 seconds indicates?
answer
decrease peripheral blood perfusion.
question
all are true statements regarding transdermal use of fentanyl except?
answer
analgesic effect is immediate on placement of the patch.
question
routine use of atropine in horses should be avoided becuase it may?
answer
cause colic
question
to minimize waste anesthetic exposure in the surgical suite, a realistic goal is to have the level of halothane no higher than?
answer
2 ppm
question
the patient is in shock. Which symptoms would not be expected?
answer
hypertension
question
inhalent anesthetics with low ____ have short induction and recovery periods.
answer
solubility coefficient
question
some anethetists routinely bag patients under inhalation anesthesia once every 5 mins to help prevent?
answer
atelectasis
question
when monitoring the mm color of an anesthetized patient with pigmented gingivae, you could use each of the following alternative sites except?
answer
pinnae
question
which of the following statements regarding MAC is incorrect?
answer
A patient at the MAC value is at a surgical plane of anesthesia.
question
once extubated, all animals should be places in
answer
sternal recumbency with neck extended.
question
recovery from barbiturate anesthesia is prolonged by all of the following except?
answer
elevated cardiac output
question
which is the preferred order of administering emergency drugs?
answer
IV, IT, IC
question
what is commonly used along with ketamine or thiopental as an induction agent for adult horses?
answer
Guaifenesin
question
when inflating the cuff on an at tube, you should change to a larger diameter tube if cuff inflation requires injection of more than what volume of air?
answer
5 mL
question
Diazepam is considered to be a good choice in patients when which body system is compromised?
answer
Cardiovascular
question
If the soda lime canister is exhausted, the patient may become?
answer
hypercapnic
question
for which of the following agents can a nonprescision vaporizer be safely used?
answer
none of the above
question
the ideal inhalant anesthetic should have all of the following except?
answer
high solubility coefficient
question
the following general anesthetic agents can be delivered to effect except?
answer
Telezole given IM
question
An overdose of barbiturate anesthetic can be appropriately treated with all but?
answer
an increase in the concentration of isoflurane
question
phenothiazine tranquilizers do?
answer
suppress the sympathetic nervous system
question
the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood can be assessed by measuring all of the following except?
answer
Total solids
question
which of the following is (are) not characteristic(s) of propofol?
answer
good postanesthesia analgesia
question
neuromuscular blocking agents are not good for?
answer
Analgesia
question
a patient's hydration status can't be assessed by?
answer
respiratory rate
question
pediatric patients younger than 3 months that undergo general anesthesia are at high risk than adults for all but?
answer
biting the e.t. tube in half
question
what is not likely a result in a patient demonstrating stage 2 of anesthesia?
answer
injecting an anesthetic agent IV too rapidly
question
which of the following is not seen when ketamine is administered IV rather than IM?
answer
longer duration of effects
question
what can cause convulsions when administered alone at high doses?
answer
dissociative anesthetics
question
what statement concerning the pressure manometer in an inhalant anesthetic circuit is least accurate?
answer
it measures oxygen partial pressure
question
acepromazine is classified as a?
answer
phenothiazine
question
pin indexing on inhalant anesthetic machines is used to?
answer
prevent oxygen and nitrous oxide from being exchanged.
question
sevoflurane is primarily eliminated from the body by?
answer
respiration
question
If IV is difficult, emergency drugs can be administered safely and effectively by what route?
answer
intratracheal
