Vocabulary Test Questions – Flashcards

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Endothermic
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a reaction in which energy is absorbed
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Exothermic
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a reaction in which energy is released
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Evaporation
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change of a substance from liquid to gas
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Halogens
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highly active metals in group 17
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Alkali
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highly active metals in group 1
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Alkaline Earth
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highly active metals in group 2
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Hydronium Ions
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the ion that makes a solution acidic
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Hydroxyl Ions
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the ion that makes the solution basic
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Indicator
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An organic compound that changes color in an acidic or basic solution
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Isotope
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Atom of the same element that have different number of neutrons
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Kenectic Energy
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energy of motion
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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Energy can change form, but cannot be created or destroyed under ordinary conditions
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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Matter is neither created or destroyed during a chemical change
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Mechanical Energy
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the total amount of Kenectic and Mechanical Energy in a system
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Malleable
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ability of metals to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets
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Metalloids
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elements that have properties of metals and nonmetals
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Mixture
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A material made of elements or compounds stirred together but not chemically combined
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Neutron
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atomic particle with no charge found in nucleus
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Nonmetals
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Elements that are usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature, most do not conduct heat or electricity.  They appear on the right of the periodic table
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Metals
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Elements that are usually solids at room temperature; most conduct heat and electricity.  Most of the elements on the left of the stair step line of the periodic table are metals.
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Nucleus
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positively charged center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
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Period
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horizontal row on the periodic table
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Group/Family
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Vertical sections on the periodic table, usually classified by the number of electrons in the outer shell
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Phenothalein
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Vertical sections on the periodic table, usually classified by the number of electrons in the outer shell
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Dilute Solution
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The amount of solute is much less than the maximum solvent can hold at that temperature
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Ductile
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abilitlty of metals to be pulled into wire tubing
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Condensation
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the change of a substance from gas to liquid
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Density
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mass per unit volume of material
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Diatomic
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a molecule composed of 2 atoms of the same element
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Electron
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the negatively charged part of an atom found outside of a nucleus
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Gas
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no definite shape or volume
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Solid
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definite shape or volume
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LIquid no definite shape, definite volume
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Plasma
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A gas like mixture of charged particles that exists at extremely high temperatures – examples are fluorescent lightning, stars
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Chemical property
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characteristic used to descibe a substance such as flammable
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Chemical change
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when a new substance is created by reactants
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Physical Change
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when you change the size or shape still the orignal substance 
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Physical Property
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Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the substance/s that make up the material
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Subscript
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like h2o the # of atoms in the element
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Coefficent
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# of units of each system like 2Ag
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Ionic Bond
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metals lose their electrons nonmetals gain electrons
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Covalent Bond
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2 nonmetals share their electrons
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Formula
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# and symbol of element
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Element
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substance in which the elements and their ratio are given
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Compound
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a substance chemically combioning 2 or more elements
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Acids
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produce hydrogen ions has pH less than 7
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Bases
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produces hydroxide ions  pH greater than 7
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Ion
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positively or negatively charged particle
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Atomic #
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# of prtons in the atom's nucleus
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Chemical Bond
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the force that holds together an atom and a compound
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Symbol
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the shorthand way 2 write an element
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Chemically Stable
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Describes an atom whose outer energy level is completely filled with electrons
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Pickling
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A process that removes impurities from the surface of steel and other metals by dipping them in HCl
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Products
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in a chemical reaction the substance produced
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Reactants
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the beganing substance of a chemical reaction
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Protons
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the positively charged particle found in the nucleus
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Potential Energy
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Stored Energy
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Sublimation
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change of substance dirrectly solid to gas
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